Modern scandinavian style in interior design

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Modern scandinavian style in interior design

Huang Yujie, Tozik E.S.

JLJU, China; PNU, Khabarovsk, Russia

Abstract

The Scandinavian interior is a new classic and love for life. Cozy, laconic and at the same time spacious, this style is equally good on large footage and in small apartments. The Scandinavian style was formed under the influence of the climate of northern Europe, where winters are long, the days are short, and the sun is a rare guest. Rare but welcome. The main task of the Scandinavian interior is to lure the sun into an apartment, to ensure maximum access of natural light and its best distribution indoors. Scandinavian interior - as a girl who uses cosmetics very moderately and boasts natural beauty. Northern style is far from pretentious and palace, its main expressive means - textures of natural materials. First of all, it is wood. In Scandinavian houses and apartments, it takes a variety of furniture forms, covers the floor, decorates walls and even sneaks onto the ceiling in the form of stylish wooden beams. It is possible to praise the Scandinavian interior for a long time, but it is better to find out from which components to assemble it.

Keywords: minimalism; scandinavian style; interior design; modern interior.

Абстракт

Современный скандинавский стиль в дизайне интерьера

Хуан Юйцзе, Е. С. Тозик

Ключевые слова: минимализм; скандинавский стиль; дизайн интерьера; современный интерьер.

Scandinavian minimalism

In the Scandinavian interior there is nothing superfluous, it is rational, minimalist and adapted to the lifestyle of its inhabitants. It offers affordable solutions, allows you to intelligently organize the space and visually increase the footage. In addition, a neutral Scandinavian interior can be an excellent base for the realization of individual ideas about the beautiful. Despite the preservation of long traditions, this style is complemented by new features. Branches of the overall concept include Scandinavian minimalism in the interior, focused on optimizing the design in terms of ergonomics and functionality. The basis of the style was laid in the XIX century. As the name implies, the direction originated in the northern countries - Denmark, Sweden, Norway, etc. In the middle of the 20th century, the concept experienced a transformation and received a second name - “Swedish modern”. It was characterized by sophistication and a specific highlight in the form of simplicity with the rejection of elaborate forms and unnecessary accents. Initially, the Scandinavian design of the houses assumed the closest approach to nature - this applied to the interior design with natural materials and the general architecture of the buildings, which were usually made of wood. These inclinations gave rise to a feeling of lightness, simplicity and naturalness of style. The principal quality of such housing is a minimum of luxury.

The history of the Scandinavian style

modern scandinavian interior design

Its history is as rich as the ancient culture of the northern countries. Myths about the Scandinavian gods: Odin, Torah, Loki fascinate and amaze the imagination. Landscapes, culture, history of the northern kingdoms created the Scandinavian style as simple and majestic as the spirit of these places. The homeland of the Scandinavian style is Finland and Norway, but as it developed, the style absorbed more Swedish traditions. In the 18th century, during the reign of King Gustav III, the history of the Scandinavian style began. Rejecting the pathos and luxury of Rococo and Empire, the northern interior has a simple, homely look. "Gustavian style" can rightly be considered the forerunner of modern style. In the interiors of the future Scandinavian style there was no desire for luxury and wealth, the main value was the abundance of light and objects that reflect light. The abundance of natural light, light or white colors, crystal and glass, like pictures of snow-covered landscapes, created a fascinating interior. The use of wood in decoration and furnishing gave a feeling of warmth and comfort, warmed by winters in half a year. Favorite wood species of northerners - birch and pine.

Traditional and modern Scandinavian style

The traditional Scandinavian interior resembles interiors three hundred years ago, images inspired by ancient myths and legends. It is suitable for houses with a story whose interior shows wealth and modesty at the same time, without undue luxury and pretentiousness. Here you can meet massive antique furniture, large mirrors in carved frames. Gustavian furniture is easily recognized by its classic proportions and carved legs and scallops, the furniture is almost always colored. The most famous accessory is Mora's Swedish watch, tall and lush, so named after the city where it was made. The clock is made of wood, has a gently rounded shape and a characteristic crown of petals. In addition to the clock, in the Gustavian style, gold-plated accessories are important - large mirrors that increase the light, wall candlesticks, and furniture elements. The most necessary accessory in the north - chandeliers, lamps, lamps, candelabra. In the Gustavian design, decorative chic chandeliers and candlesticks contrast well with a clean white background. Just imagine how crystal looks spectacular with a lot of candlesticks over simple tables and chairs.

The second direction is devoid of monumentality, prone to elegance and simplicity. Light, warmth, comfort, simple forms of furniture and decor items reminiscent of the history of style are the main features of modern Scandinavian interiors. Despite the fact that the characteristic features of the style were formed for more than one century, the very term “Scandinavian design” appeared during a design exhibition held in the USA and Canada in 1954.

Scandinavian style is often called the most democratic design and there are two big reasons for this:

Scandinavians were the first to introduce the idea of seriality, thanks to which design became a mass phenomenon.;

Fig. 1. Traditional Scandinavian interior

The main idea of the style is that beautiful and functional items were available for everyone, not only rich.

Fig. 2. Traditional Scandinavian interior

The most famous “faces” of the Scandinavian style are Arne Jacobsen and Alvar Aalto. They are truly outstanding representatives of Scandinavian architecture and design. Tables, chairs and stools from Aalto were found even in Soviet sanatoriums, and Jacobsen so enthusiastically filled in his works his native Copenhagen that now it is not a city, but a work of art.

Fig. 3. Bedroom design

The contribution to the development of Scandinavian design in different countries is different. Of the three northern states, Sweden stood out the most vividly - here the design was put on stream from the 1950s to 1960s. And today the Swedish concern is present in almost every major city in the world. The well-known Swedish furniture concern can be called a representative of the modern Scandinavian style. The main ideological moments of style were formed at the time when new low-cost materials and methods for mass production appeared. From essentials, the design has become an instrument of unnecessary consumption. Railway tracks made it easy to import the necessary resources: cheap materials led to an oversupply of mass products, and the northerners quickly became tired of them. Everything led to the fact that there was a trend for durability and flexibility of furniture and design. Things that could remain relevant and survive any trend. Beauty that remained functional.

The modern Scandinavian design was also influenced by the ideas of the bauhaus - an artistic association based on the German high school of the early 20th century. Representatives of this style at the head of the table put the functionality of design and architecture, denied the elegance and luxury of classic styles, leaving the room almost naked.

Distinctive features of the Scandinavian style

Open plan:

Along with simple color schemes, the Scandinavian style does not involve cluttering up the space with too much furniture or accessories. At the same time, the layout of the common rooms is often open - the living room smoothly flows into the dining room, then into the kitchen. This layout allows you to leave more windows, fit into the space as much light as possible..

Wood accents:

In the Scandinavian decor love to use natural ecological wood. It can be found everywhere: on the floor, ceiling, furniture, in toys. The floor and ceiling are usually white or very light, the furniture is more warm, if it is, for example, oak or teak. The most popular wood is pine, and most often it is painted.

Cold colors:

The main color is white, it is the basis of everything, they painted the walls. In addition to white, northerners love cool blues, blues and grays. In some houses you can find bright color spots - for example, yellow, orange, green. Often found black and white design. For example, in the photo above, a calm black and white gamut diluted with wooden furniture and brown accessories.

Fig. 4. Wood and cool colors application

Accessories:

The Scandinavian style is based on the modernist principle “less is more”, which means less = more. Scandinavian interior design is very minimalistic and suggests using only functional accessories so that there is less clutter and distraction. The exception is the paintings on the walls, which can be quite a lot, as in the photo (Figure 5), and accessories that increase the amount of light - mirrors, lamps, glass vases.

Fig. 5. Accessories that increase the amount of light

Living vegetation:

Perhaps because of the climate, the northerners lack greenery, but in almost every Scandinavian house home plants are found. There may be only a few, or maybe quite a lot - northern minimalism does not always extend to flowers.

Bright spaces:

Well, probably the most important item on the list. Thanks to minimalism and functionality, most of the space of the Scandinavian interior remains unoccupied - this creates a feeling of spaciousness and fullness with air. All furniture, all furniture designed to maximize the natural light - look, for example, at these windows - they are designed so that every drop of light reaches its owners.

Fig. 6. Living vegetation

Fig. 7. Bright space

Fig. 9. View in Kitchen

Fig. 8. View of the windows

Conclusion

The Scandinavian style in the interior of a house or apartment is quite special, unlike anything else: it is equally far from the pomp of the West and from the exotic of the East. This minimalistic direction of design had a great influence on modern styles by the comfort and warmth of a half-empty house, in which it always turns out that less is more. It doesn't matter if we are talking about interior design or attitude to life, the Scandinavians have always had their own way.

References

1. Exploring the modern Nordic interior design style under minimalism. Hefei University of Technology, School of Architectural Design.

2. Scandinavian style model house analysis. WeChat public number

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