Let’s get down to business English

WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

WRITE an essay taking the sayings from Exercise 2.4 as titles.

ADDITIONAL READIG

READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What were the two great innovations in selling business made at the turn of the 20th century?

SOME FACTS ABOUT SHOPPING

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 4A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

1. It was Montgomery Ward who hit on the idea of

selling goods individually packaged

setting up a joint venture with Sears

selling goods by mail

advertising goods by E-mail

2. Sears and Roebuck created their company using the idea of

publishing mail order catalogues

using elecrtic signs in the streets

packaging the goods properly

selling goods at self-service stores

3. From the text we can understand that Sears and Roebuck Co.

was a very successful business

had problems with hiring workers

sold more expensive products

engaged in building skyscrapers

4. Piggly-Wiggly, Sanders' name for his self-service store

was hardly an innovative move

was the sign of the changing times

looked very strange and out-of-place

made people curious and brought many customers

5. Sanders used a strange-looking name for his store because

Piggly-Wiggly sounded well

Richard Sears had told him to do so

it was a name familiar to people of Memphis, Tennessee

he thought customers would be attracted by such a name

6. The people of one North Dakota town renamed it Seroco because they

were customers of Sears and Roebuck company

wanted to demonstrate their love of the company

had no other name to choose from

had nothing better to do in their free tim

MINI-TEST N1

CHOOSE THE CORRECT VARIANT.

TESCO

The company was (founded, finded, found) by Jack Cohen. There are 396 (stories, stores) with about 80.000 employees. Cohen started in 1919 with $50 worth of groceries.The name came about like this: Cohen (used, use, using) to buy unlabelled chests of food. One day in 1924 Cohen bought some chests of tea (from, at,in) the importer called T.E.Stockwell and he needed a name to put on the packaging. He took TES from the importer's initials and CO from his own and (sold, selled, sealed) the tea. Tesco's first self-service supermarket opened in 1949 (while, after, before) Cohen saw the system in operation in America. It was during (a, --, the) 1950s that Tesco started selling at lower (prizes, prices, costs). The low-price image has remained and the company's name is often used to mean (anything, nothing) cheap. Today Tesco has an expensive advertising campaign in an (effect, effort) to improve its image.

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE WORDS FROM THE LIST BELOW.

HENRY FORD MUSEUM

Henry Ford Museum is a national (1)___ of American history and technology. It was (2) ___ by Henry Ford in 1929. Its (3) ___ is to collect and preserve the American experience in technology. The museum is an independent institution not (4) ___ with or (5) ___ by the Ford Motor Company. Various objects are (6) ___ at the museum. There one can get a better (7) ___ of the ways of development in transportation, communication, industry, agriculture, (8) ___, and domestic life. The collection includes the one-of-the-kind objects ranging from an 1896 Duryea -- the first American production automobile -- to the Lincoln in which President Kennedy was riding in Dallas. You can taste early American (9) ___, or visit the farmhouse where Henry Ford (10) ___ up. If you ever visit Detroit, Michigan, make sure you do not forget to visit the place.

WORDS TO BE FILLED IN GAPS:

a) understanding b) connected c) food d) mission

e) entertainment f) founded g) grew h) museum

i) displayed j) supported

POETS' CORNER

VLADIMIR MAYAKOVSKY

TASKS

1. LIST all the English words and expressions used by the poet. The first one is "sir".

2. DISCUSS the poem's language. Is it Russian? Or English?

3. SHARE your ideas about the poem's message. Written more than 60 years ago, does it have anything to do with modern times?

4. FIND & READ other poems by Mayakovsky from his collection entitled "Black and White" (1926).

I. From the basics of management

UNIT FIVE TAYLOR: THE SECRET WAS IN THE SHOVEL

I. VOCABULARY LIST

to be responsible for to generate to choose

to notice to assign a task to bring

to waste (energy) to discover to see

to research to conduct to make

to stock with equipment to handle *

to insist to share in profits to make sure

to receive a bonus to earn to make use of

11. VOCABULARY WORK

11.1 Choose according to the definition

1) to produce

2) anything assigned as a task

3) to use without return, to lose

4) to put aside for future use

5) to maintain repeatedly

6) to divide and give out in portions

7) to receive as recompense for work

8) to examine so as to see differences

9) a manner of operating or functioning

10) specially adapted or suited

11) a detailed and timed plan

12) a benefit

13) to be affected injuriously

14) to deal with something or somebody

11.2 Translate paying attention to the italicised words

1. The boss insisted that we'd choose another schedule of work.

2. I think I can handle the other job, too.

3. They communicate with each other in very good English.

4. Please, make sure that other plans are discussed properly.

5. The two other shares are a little bit smaller.

6. He is responsible for another area of activities.

7. You should research each problem in every detail.

8. There were many others who wanted to earn extra money.

9. How can we compare this schedule to other ones?

10. Each of the two machines can be made use of in experiments.

11. He was doing it with the least possible effort.

12. The scientist noticed no other details of importance.

WORK AT THE FOLLOWING TEXT

READ AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

Why was the management called "scientific"?

TAYLOR: THE SECRET WAS IN THE SHOVEL

11.3 Reading comprehension test 5a

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

1. Frederic Taylor, a foreman, was interested in

becoming the founder of "scientific management"

the size of shovels used by the workers

the Bethlehem Steel Company advertising

improving employee productivity and performance

2. Taylor understood it was necessary to

waste much energy at work

hire new workers with better technique

research the management problems

(D) offer extra money and bonuses to employees

3. The improvements made by Taylor led to

(A) more effective time management

(B) using proper equipment and training

more experiments in the field of marketing

changes in the administrative structure

4. From the text we can draw a conclusion that

(A) all the workers were happy with the change

(B) Taylor cared about workers' pay and performance

workers began to lose jobs by thousands

Taylor's ideas were difficult to realize

5. In Lines 35-36, the expression "made it clear" is closest in meaning to

discovered

found

proved

made sure

6. According to the text, it is NOT true that

Taylor's ideas found no positive response

Taylor published some books on management

Taylor became known as the founder of a new management school

Taylor came to his discovery through simple experiments

CLASSROOM TEXT-BASED ACTIVITIES

11.4 Choose the right translation

1. In 1898, Frederic Taylor was a foreman at the Bethlehem Steel Company.

в 1898 году Фредерик Тейлор был мастером в компании "Bethlehem Steel".

Фредерик Тейлор работал мастером в компании "Вифлеемская Сталь" в 1898 году.

в 1898 году Фредерик Тейлор работал мастером на сталили-тейном заводе компании "Бетлехем Стил".

2. There was no plan for the day's work, either.

a) там не было плана дневной работы тоже.

отсутствовал также график работы на каждый день.

отсутствовал также график дневной работы.

3. Taylor also found that the average shovel load should be 21.5 pounds.

Тейлор также определил, что рабочий должен поднимать на лопате груз со средним весом около 10 кг.

Тейлор также определил, что средний вес поднимаемого лопатой груза должен быть 21.5 фунта.

Тейлор также нашел, что средний груз на лопате должен быть 21.5 фунта.

4. An efficient worker would receive a bonus.

a) самоокупаемый рабочий получал премию.

за эффективный труд рабочий получал прибавку к зарплате.

эффективный рабочий получил бы премиальные.

TRANSLATE LINES 24-37 AT SIGHT.

MATCH THE HALVES RIGHT.

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION TEST 5B.

Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. Taylor's job was to make sure that the material to the right place.

is moved

was moved

has been moved

had been moved

2. The foreman soon discovered that each worker a shovel from home.

was brought

was bringing

bringing

brought

3. Much enegry when some workers engaged in their every day work.

was wasted

was saved

was stocked

was handled

4. A work schedule makes the assignment for the next day ______ to every worker.

is known

was known

known

has known

5. Taylor's recommendations by the Bethlehem Steel Company leading to more efficient performance.

were made use of

were made use

were made used

were made used of

6. Frederic Taylor was a very outstanding personality.

who become known as the father of "scientific management"

who became known as the father of "scientific management"

that became known as the father of "scientific management"

which became known as the father of "scientific management”.

CONVERSATION PRACTICE

SAY IT DIFFERENTLY.

1. Much material was produced by the Bethlehem Steel Company.

2. Taylor saw that different-size shovels were used by workers.

Taylor found out that none of the workers had been taught.

The problem of improving employee performance was studied.

New shovels were made to deal with average loads effectively.

Taylor recommended to use a detailed plan of each day's work.

As a result, more money was received by efficient workers.

Taylor was later called the founder of scientific management.

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING.

1. In 1898, Frederic Taylor ________

He looked for innovative ways _______

Taylor wanted to discover ______

He decided _____

Two best workers shoveled for him ______

He was able to produce ______

Taylor recommended the company ______

He also insisted that _____

Workers began _______

10. Taylor proved ________

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

Taylor was responsible for production, wasn't he?

How many workers was he responsible for?

They were assigned the same task each day, weren't they?

What did Taylor not like about the performance?

Why was much energy wasted by some workers?

The problem was researched carefully, wasn't it?

What sort of experiment was conducted by Taylor?

Why was Bethlehem Steel asked to build an equipment shed?

How were the new shovels designed?

In what way was performance improved?

Which of Taylor's ideas can be used today?

Do you think we can use "scientific management" in the CIS?

AGREE OR DISAGREE WITH THE FOLLOWING.

F. Taylor is known as the father of scientific management.

In 1897, a book on the problem was published by him.

The experiment he conducted was simple but very effective.

His innovative ideas were used only one hundred years later.

Taylor's experiments resulted in more profits for the company.

Taylor insisted extra profits should be shared by managers.

Those innovations helped handle managerial problems.

Any worker can perform better with specialized training.

DISCUSSION

RETELL the text in short, working in pairs (no extra pay, though).

DESCRIBE this familiar episode from a book written by Mark Twain. Tom Sawyer knew a thing or two about management, didn't he?

YOU ARE a shoveler at Bethlehem Steel. SHARE your problems with your fellow worker.

OU ARE a young foreman at Bethlehem Steel. PRESENT your plan how to improve workers' performance to the company boss.

ROLEPLAY a conversation between Frederic Taylor and his best men before the beginning of the experiment.

ROLEPLAY a management meeting at Bethlehem Steel where Frederic Taylor reported about the results of his experiment.

COMPARE the activities of Frederic Taylor with those of Henry Fayol. Refer 1 Exercise 7.4 for information.

LECTURE on the early history of management thought. Prepare to answer questions.

STUDY the information leaflet below. Say what kind of program it is and wha the aims are.

The Britich Counci

Moskow

Joint Industrial And Commercial Attachment Programme (JICAP)

Background

JICAP is a five-week management training programme in the UK for managers from Russia and the CIS. It is designed to promote the implementation of positive structural changes in companies by providing training to its key personnel. JICAP is fully financed by the British Foreign Office's Know How Fund (KHF), including all training, transport and living costs.

Programme

JICAP is divided into two parts:

Short management training course -- Topics include financial management, quality management and how to write a business plan. Candidates will also study key management skills, getting a better understanding of their own strengths and abilities.

3-week work attachment -- The manager will actively work in the company and visit several departments to get an overall picture of how the company is managed.

Criteria

The British Council is looking for dynamic, ambitious managers who have clear ideas of what they want to learn. They should also have the following:

Aged between 25-45 years old;

Graduated from a university or institute;

Speak and understand English well;

Work as manager in a Russian owned, commercial company.

Interested?

REPORT about the experience you've got during your stay in the UK
participating on the JICAP.

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION PRACTICE

REWRITE USING CORRECT PASSIVE VOICE STRUCTURES.

Taylor (to call) the father of scientific management.

His experiments (to begin) at a steel plant in 1898.

Firstly, the proper way of shoveling (to find) by him.

His findings (to use) for practical management at once.

A work schedule and new equipment (to recommend) by him.

Workers' performance (to improve) greatly as a result.

Soon, fewer workers (to need) by the Bethlehem Steel company

Many progressive ideas (to generate) by other people, too.

Some of them (to use) in practical management today.

New discoveries (to make) in this area in the future.

PUT QUESTIONS TO THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS.

Much material was generated by the company. (What ?)

500 men were assigned to move material. (Who ?)

Nobody had been taught to work properly. (General)

An experiment was conducted by Taylor. (Bу whom ?)

Two best workers were paid extra money. (Why ?)

Their motions were watched carefully. (How ?)

New different-size shovels were designed. (What kind of)

Taylor's recommendations were made use of. (Whose ?)

Many books on the problem were published. (Disjunctive)

Taylorism is studied by students of business. (Alternative)

GrVE THE GIST OF THE TEXT IN 10-12 SENTENCES.

CORRECT THE MISTAKES MADE BY AN INEXPERIENCED LEARNER.

WRITE AN ESSAY BASED ON THE DISCUSSION (EXERCISE 6.7).

UNIT SIX SAVE TIME: THE ONE-MINUTE MANAGER

I. VOCABULARY LIST

to relate human relations

to be worth $... to be worth doing

to propose purpose

to consist (of) goal

to agree (on) goal setting

to transfer facilities

to praise time-saving

to encourage state-of-the-art

to conclude conclusion

to be familiar (with) step-by-step program

to claim value

to reprimand valuable

VOCABULARY WORK

CHOOSE ACCORDING TO THE DEFINITION.

1) to be made up of

2) the exchangeable of market value of

3) something toward which effort is directed

4) worthy of praise

5) something that makes operation easier

6) to inspire with hope, to help

7) a contract

8) to keep from being spent, or lost

9) to bring into connection

10) a design or aim

11) relating to people

12) well-known

13) to finish a speech

14) to say good words and compliments

TRANSLATE PAYING ATTENTION TO THE ITALICISED WORDS.

The purpose of this display is somewhat unclear.

We'll provide the necessary facilities someday in the future.

Somehow they managed to conclude an agreement with a partner.

Companies sometimes claim they've developed new technologies.

Do you have any idea of what "human relations" mean?

It is worth saying nothing in such a difficult situation.

There's nothing bad about praising or reprimanding employees.

In conclusion, I think I have to tell you something pleasant.

The researcher had no other aim than the development of science.

These facilities are somewhat new for customers in this country.

WORK AT THE FOLLOWING TEXT

READ AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What are the positive aspects of the one-minute management style?

SAVE TIME: THE ОNЕ-MINUTE MANAGER

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 6A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text you have just read. voice participle time word

1. The Hawthorn plant experiments proved the importance of

individual efforts of every worker

scientific management

effective management

(D) establishing human relations at workplace

2. The One-Minute Manager is

the title of a book

a catchy phrase

an advertisement

a technique to improve quality

3. In Line 19, the word "them" refers to

managers

employees

goals

readers

4. From the text we can infer that using this technique

can hardly improve productivity of work

can save a lot of time and energy

cannot improve human relations

can be valuable for managers in Ukraine

5. In Line 35, the word "one" is closest in meaning to

a man in the street

an experienced businessperson

not two or three

any visitor to a Western office

6. According to the text, it is NOT true that

managers need to save time

praising employees comes last

goal-setting is the beginning of any activity

encouragement should inspire employees to work better

12. CLASSROOM TEXT-BASED ACTIVITIES

12.1 Choose the right translation

1. Since then, dozens of books on management have been written.

с той поры написаны дюжины книг по менеджменту.

с тех пор написаны дюжины книг по менеджменту.

с того времени написаны десятки книг по менеджменту.

2. The purpose of the book is to propose a new management style.

цель книги состоит в том, что авторы предлагают использовать новый способ управления.

целью книги является предложение нового способа управления.

цель книги -- предложить новый стиль менеджмента.

3. The manager is supposed to congratulate an employee on a job well done.

менеджер предположительно поздравляет работника с хорошо выполненной работой.

менеджер должен поблагодарить работника за хорошо исполненную работу.

предполагается, что менеджер поблагодарит работника за хорошо сделанную работу.

4. At that moment the manager should take great care to separate the value of the employee from the one mistake that instigated the criticism.

a) в этот момент менеджер должен четко отделить конкретный промах сотрудника, повлекший за собой критические замечания, от общей положительной оценки его личности.

b) в этот момент менеджеру следует осторожно отделить ценность сотрудника от единственной ошибки, за которую его критикуют.

12.2 Structure and written expression test 6b

Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. Human relations play less important role in business that other factors.

not

no

not any

none

2. It is worth knowing about books on manangement in detail.

some of

something

some

the same

3. The book entitled The One-Minute Manager was a bestseller in a month.

that was published some years ago

that was published years ago

that was publishing some years ago

that was publishing years ago

4. _____ employees are not familiar with modern office equipment.

any

some of

some

no

5. Office equipment is that can be used in the office.

nothing

anything

anybody

somehow

6. ___ in the future we'll have to put this theory to practice.

sometimes

some times

anytime

sometime

CONVERSATION PRACTICE

SAY IT DIFFERENTLY.

It is no discovery today that the relations between managers and employees are important for better performance.

You won't lose your time if you read some books on management.

The One-Minute Manager was something like a successful book.

The book aims at showing a new way of management.

Some researches repeatedly said that clear goals are of great importance for any action.

It's worthy to remember that managers should inspire employees and help them in some way or another.

As a result, the new technique improves time management a lot.

12.3 Complete the following using thet-clauses

The Hawthorn experiments showed ___

It's worth knowing about new ideas ___

The One-Minute Manager is the book ___

The most important is the first step ___

The manager finishes with some encouragement ___

When reprimanding, you should remember ___

The authors claim ___

Today's experience proves again ___

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

Do we learn anything about Hawthorn experiments from the text?

Do you think human relations play some important role today?

There are some newer books on management, aren't there?

Is there any purpose in the book described in the text?

Does the One-Minute Management technique look somewhat unusual?

There is nothing more important than goal-setting, is there?

Should managers be able to praise employees in any way?

Who should reprimand employees for poor performance?

It is sometimes difficult to reprimand "correctly", isn't it?

Why is this style claimed by the authors to be very effective?

Is this management experience valuable for managers in the CIS?

AGREE OR DISAGREE WITH THE FOLLOWING.

The scientific management is a very popular theory today.

Human relations cannot play any serious role in any company.

The one-minute management looks like a time-saving technique.

The purpose of the book was to earn as much money as possible.

Praising or reprimanding anybody is no problem at all.

The book can be valuable reading for students of business.

Today one can't do without state-of-the-art office facilities.

Nobody is familliar with modern equipment in this country.

DISCUSSION

In pairs, RETELL the text 3.1 in short.

DESCRIBE the activities of a company with its three levels of management using the following picture.

ADVISE a friend of yours to read the book entitled The One-Minute Manager.

ASK a representative of the British Council about the ways to help managers improve their skills.

ROLEPLAY an interview between a Management Training Program official and an applicant from a CIS country.

DISCUSS the problem of the Ideal Manager. Who can be one?

COMMENT on the history of the Heinz Company. It became a successful business due to effective management, didn't it?

STUDY the following resume prepared for an interview. Discuss the applicant's qualifications and possibilities.

ROSE JENKINS

43 Maple St

Hilltown, IL

Objective:

To obtain an Executive Secretarial Position within a major corporation which will benefit from my administrative, communication and interpersonal skills.

Qualifications:

Generated all business correspondence via word processor. Processed over 25,000 job opportunities annually. Arranged hotel and travel accomodations for executive staff. Typing 75 wpm. Shorthand 120 wpm.

Employment History:

1993- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL Present Administrative Assistant to Placement 1990- The Field Foundation, Chicago,IL 1992 Administrative Assistant to Director

of Services

Education:

1992 Bryant & Stratton Eusiness Institute,

Buffalo, NY

A.S.Administrative Management References:Available upon request.

INTERVIEW a famous businessman, Henry Heinz by name, on the day of his 70th anniversary in 1914. Ask him about the importance of effective management.

ASK a new candidate for the position of manager at your firm if he or she is ready to take this responsible job. You might also have a look at the applicants resume or cover letter.

DESCRIBE the similarities between the teacher and the manager. Should teachers sometimes be like managers, or vice versa? Prove your point of view.

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION PRACTICE

REWRITE USING CORRECT WORD FORMS (some/ any/ no).

There is ___ reason why students should forget managerial problems. There isn't ___ other science which attracts so much attention today. Everybody agrees there is way for effective management without the knowledge of psychology.___ author claims that the last word has already been said, or that there is nothing more to learn. There aren't ___ ready-made rules to be used in ___ situation. A good manager should use ___ encouragement here and ___ reprimand there. Of course, there'll always be ___ employees who need more control and supervision.

PUT QUESTIONS TO THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS.

Taylor made some experiments in 1898. (General)

Nobody knew what step to make. (General)

Some of the office facilities were used. (Alternative)

The idea has no value for us. (Disjunctive)

Some experts claim it will be worthless. (Who ___?)

It is necessary to give some encouragement. (Why ___?)

The boss reprimanded some of the employees. (General)

No agreement will be concluded, I think. (Disjunctive)

There is no other way to save time. (Disjunctive)

The manager had nothing to say to the employees. (General)

GIVE THE GIST OF THE TEXT IN 10-12 WRITTEN SENTENCES.

CORRECT THE MISTAKES MADE BY AN INEXPERIENCED LEARNER.

PREPARE YOUR OWN RESUME FOR A JOB INTERVIEW AT A WESTERN FIRM.

WRITE A REPORT ON YOUR PARTICIPATION ON A MANAGEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM SPONSORED BY THE BRITISH COUNCIL

UNIT SEVEN NEW TECH: CELLULAR PHONES

I. VOCABULARY LIST

to imagine cellular phones

to indicate advantage (over)

to subscribe advatageous

to bring down costs error-free

to advance advanced technology

to increase on-site

to order productivity

to shop around security

to purchase wire (less)

to double rapid

to spread potential customers

VOCABULARY WORK

CHOOSE ACCORDING TO THE DEFINITION.

1) to form a mental picture of

2) to be a sign of

3) to grow

4) to increase two times

5) to buy

6) to become a phone user

7) to make more widely known

8) benefit or profit

9) to move forward

10) a mistake

11) freedom from danger

12) quick

13) possible but not actual

TRANSLATE PAYING ATTENTION TO THE ITALICISED WORDS.

There are many cellular subscribers in the country today.

Employee productivity has increased very much as a result.

On-site service is well provided for at this retail shop.

It costs much enough to subscribe to cellular technology.

How many printers has the office manager ordered?

He purchased a good and inexpensive set of office furniture.

How reliable in operation is the new security system?

The economic development is well underway.

There are some good stores to shop around?

Twice as many people arrived at the second meeting.

Well, said he, the cellular service is generally error-free.

The productivity of work has increased many times since then.

WORK AT THE FOLLOWING TEXT

READ AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What is the result of using cellular phones by business people?

NEW TECH: CELLULAR PHONES

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 7A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

1. A world without telephone wires is not far off because

it is not a fantasy

the number of cellular phones indicate that

new technologies are popular

there is no problem to imagine that

2. The great advantages of cellular technology are

error-free service and small size of phones

the growing number of users

a great amount of models to choose from

on-site service for regular customers

3. In Lines 17-19, the statement is made with

a good reason

humour

the knowledge of the market situation

no knowledge in the subject

4. In Line 32, the sentence means that pay phones and wires

(A) will not be often used

(B) will soon be used in Belarus

(C) will never be forgotten

(D) will become history

5. From reading this text we can conclude that

cellular phones are not a serious business proposition

management technologies are developing

managers cannot do without cellular phones

female users purchase phones for business purposes

6. The most important reason for businesspeople to use cellular phones is that

they improve performance

they are helpful on a travel

they help increase productivity

they add more comfort and pleasure

13. CLASSROOM TEXT-BASED ACTIVITIES

13.1 Choose the correct translation

1. More and more people take advantage of its benefits.

более и более людей пользуются ее преимуществами.

больше и больше людей пользуются ее преимуществами.

все больше людей пользуются ее преимуществами.

2. The technology has made great advances over the past several years.

технология сделала большие авансы за последние несколько лет.

эта технология сильно продвинулась за последние годы.

эта технология шагнула далеко вперед в последние годы.

3. Retailers should be selected for their reputation for reliability and fairness.

покупать следует в магазинах, имеющих надежную и честную репутацию.

розничных торговцев следует отбирать на основе их репутации честных и надежных партнеров.

селекция розничных торговцев должна проводиться по их репутации надежности и честности.

4. Female users sometimes purchase the phones for personal security reasons.

покупатели-женщины иногда покупают телефоны в целях личной безопасности.

женщины подчас приобретают телефоны в связи с причинами личной безопасности.

женщины иногда покупают телефоны в целях обеспечения личной безопасности.

13.2 Structure and written expression test 7b

Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. The majority of people to cellular service today are businessmen.

subscriber

subscribed

subscribing

are subscribing

2. The models by customers are different.

are purchased

purschased

are purchasing

purchasing

3. There are businesspeople they have more than doubled their productivity as a result.

claim

claimed

who claiming

claiming

4. Modern technologies widely these days, and it is the sign of the changing times.

spreading

are spreading

spread

are spread

5. Along with the costs, competition makes the customer choice more difficult.

bringing down

brought down

bringing

brought

6. Cellular phones by some companies are becoming popular.

distribution

distributing

distributed

distributors

CONVERSATION PRACTICE

13.3 Say it differently

1. It is hard to picture the world without telephone wires.

2. The cellular technology is the sign of the changing times.

3. This technology helps productivity grow rapidly.

4. Today customers can buy one of many different models.

5. Cellular phones are becoming widely known in Belarus, too.

6. The technology is developing quickly.

7. Major companies and banks are possible subscribers.

8. If you want to buy the best model, go to various shops first.

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING

It is not easy

The number of cellular phones in use

More and more people

Millions of customers

The number of cellular subscribers

It is sometimes hard

Cellular technology provides

Businesspeople claim

Female users purchase

10. The spreading of the technology _____

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

What does the number of cellular subscribers indicate?

Why do people take advantage of cellular tech benefits?

How successful is the industry?

What are the advances made by the industry recently?

Why does the number of subscribers increase every month?

What makes choosing a cellular phone model difficult?

Is it really more difficult to order spaceships than phones?

Why are potential subscribers recommended to shop around?

The majority of potential users are students, aren't they?

How much is the productivity of work increased on average?

Is it worth using cellular phones for personal security?

Can we somehow evaluate the cellular technology's future?

13.4 Agree or disagree with the following

There is less than a million subscribers in the world.

The technology appeared on the market about 30 years ago.

The service is generally error-free but the phones are big.

Competition makes choosing the right phone an easy task.

Three major manufacturers produce cellular phones today.

It is not worth the time to shop around before purchasing.

Banks are equipping themselves with cellular phones for security reasons.

The service has not enjoyed great popularity so far.

DISCUSSION

In pairs, RETELL the text 3.1 in short.

DESCRIBE the history of the telephone using the picture below. Use your background knowledge extensively.

DISCUSS the news: one of your friends has just purchased a cellular phone. Why did the friend decide to buy the phone?

SHARE your impressions: you have been to a state-of-the-art office. Were you impressed with the facilities there?

ROLEPLAY a conversation between some buyers and a salesperson at a retail shop. The buyers would like to purchase a cellular phone model -- for a variety of reasons, you know.

PROVE that the cellular phone is very good value for anyone's money. Compare it with other modern office facilities.

EXPLORE the history of some manufacturer engaged in production of communication systems (e.g. Motorola or Nokia). Prepare to report in class.

STUDY the history of well-known things. Match the right year to the invention. Do you think the United States should be called the country of inventors? Give your reasons.

THE INVENTORY OF INVENTIONS

MAKE a field trip to a local department store, the hi-fi department. Make a list of hi-tech products on sale with prices and other consumer information. Share your findings in class.

RESEARCH into the beginnings of some familiar products (like clothes, etc.). Find more about them and present your findings in class.

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION PRACTICE

13.5 Rewrite using correct forms of participles

MODERN EQUIPMENT

There are many facts (prove) that technologies are advancing rapidly. Modern offices (equip) with state-of-the-art equipment look like control rooms of a space centre. The (increase) number of cellular subscribers is another example. This technology spreads (give) more advantages to customers elsewhere. Many other scientific discoveries (make) in the 20th century are used for business purposes now. Along with (increase) productivity, business people waste less time. Every- where one can see businessmen (communicate) via cellular phones. Cellular phones are also spreading in this country, (improve) management techniques. There are various companies (advertise) different models and services (provide) by them.

PUT QUESTIONS TO THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS.

1. These are models doubling productivity. (What kind of ?)

2. The catalogue ordered by us arrived today. (When ?)

3. The figures indicating progress are impressive. (Why ?)

4. Organised well, the campaign was a success. (How ?)

5. The firm brought down the costs of equipment. (Alternative)

6. On-site service provided by the shop is quick. (Who ?)

7. There are cameras used for security reasons. (What for ?)

8.1 found no data showing the increase. (What sort of ?)

9. No, it is hardly possible to imagine the future. (Disjunctive)

10. Yes, Motorola is a leading high-tech manufacturer. (General)

GIVE THE GIST OF THE TEXT IN 10-12 WRITTEN SENTENCES.

CORRECT THE MISTAKES MADE BY AN INEXPERIENCED LEARNER.

WRITE AN ESSAY BASED ON THE DISCUSSION (EXERCISE 6.8).

UNIT EIGHT REVISION

VOCABULARY CHECK

GIVE ONE WORD FOR THE FOLLOWING.

to be made up of to consist

the exchangeable market value of human

something toward which effort is directed goal

worthy of praise praiseworthy

something that makes operation easier facility

to inspire with hope, to help to encourage

a contract advantage

to keep from being spent to save

to bring into connection to connect

design or aim customer

relating to people worth

well-known famous

to finish a speech to increase

to say good words and compliments to spread

to form a mental picture of to imagine

to be a sign of to indicate

to grow to conclude

to increase two times to prefer

to buy to purchase

to make more widely-known to appear

benefit or profit agreement

to move forward to stock

a client purpose

to like better than others to double

freedom from danger security

to look like to praise

full of original ideas imaginary

not to give a chance to do to injure

quick proper

possible but not actual innovative

to produce to make

anything assigned as a task schedule

to lose bonus

to put aside for future use to advance

to maintain repeatedly to insist

to divide and give out in portions to engage

to receive as recompense for work to earn

to examine so as to see the differences to compare

manner of operation way

specially adapted or suited rapid

a detailed and timed plan assignment

benefit to waste

to be affected injuriously to prevent

to deal with something to share

FORM THE SUITABLE WORD FROM THE VOCABULARY ON THE RIGHT. FILL THE SUITABLE WORD IN THE GAPS.

e.g. He has a sense of , I think. (responsible)

He has a sense of responsibility, I think.

He has a sense of , I think. (responsible)

Please, give me a when you leave. (notice)

There are a lot of around. (waste)

He conducted some on the problem. (research)

Why is she on the decision? (insist)

The company gave a for guests of honour. (receive)

There is no between the two products. (compare)

Could you say some words about their ? (perform)

He is a real of ideas! (generate)

What was given to the workers? (assign)

Taylor made an important in 1898. (discover)

Did the price of increase? (share)

His are a secret for us. (earn)

The conflict brought much to people. (suffer)

Make that it is done properly. (sure)

Do you have any in the capital? (relate)

We have to bring them our . (propose)

There is no between the parties. (agree)

You'll have to buy a ticket at the station. (transfer)

20. is not necessary now. (praise)

The boss gave some to him. (encourage)

In I'd like to say the following. (conclude)

Their are not reasonable. (claim)

This looks like a very observation. (value)

She has no at all! (imagine)

There is no to this fact. (indicate)

Cellular is spreading worldwide. (subscribe)

This is an technology. (advance)

He proved there was an in productivity. (increase)

In London you can see -decker buses. (double)

These ideas are widely. (spread)

Do you think it is an position? (advantage)

Have you taken measures (security)

Oh, this book is absolutely ! (worth)

How is this transfer ticket? (expense)

CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD.

1. What was the (goal/ purpose) of the author?

2. I think this idea has no (worth/ value).

These papers are kept in a (save/ safe) place.

He had no (aim/purpose) in life.

(Sometime/ sometimes) in the future we'll discuss this.

Is there any (other/ another) way to do it?

Which of the two do you prefer, this or (another/ the other)?

Many (others/ other) agree with the proposition.

How much did he (earn/ receive) as bonuses?

I have to tell you (some thing/ something).

I think we are (wasting/ spending) our time!

How big is the (smallest/ least) model?

She is my (personal/private) assistant.

It will be very (cost/ costly).

This is not (a fantasy/ an imagination) from science-fiction.

How (much/ many) people were there?

Can we communicate (via/ through) cellular phones?

There are (dozens/ twelves) of models to choose from.

The equipment is very (state-of-the-art/ modern).

The product was of (extra/ high) quality.

13.6 Make sure you understand the following sentences

He was encouraged to do the same.

The boss gave no encouragement to the idea.

The firm made a claim against their foreign partner.

These figures do not agree with the report.

The two people seem to agree like 4ogs and cats.

Smoking doesn't agree with the image of an efficient worker.

It was done in agreement with the contract.

Don't jump to conclusions, think again!

The manager familiarised the new employee with his job.

They put forward an alternative proposal.

Man proposes, but God disposed!

It is not a paying proposition.

Let's try to relate theory and practice.

I have nothing to say in relation to this incident.

“Praise is not pudding”, the man thought.

It was sold for a tenth part of its worth.

He always puts his two cents worth in any argument!

He sets a high value on his time.

He took it for face value.

They were provided with excellent facilities for research.

My way of life offers no facilities for study.

You will develop your facility in language learning.

CONVERSATION PRACTICE

DISCUSS the history of one new company producing childrens' playthings. Do you think it may have been a true story?

THINK of short illustrative stories for some of the most fascinating phrases from Exercise 1.2.

MAKE DIALOGUES based on the contents of Exercise 1.4. Work in pairs.

STUDY the following English sayings. Do you think that they mean something in connection with the unit 5-7 texts? PROVE that they do.

· Good words cost nothing but are worth much.

· One today is worth two tomorrows.

· Let every man praise the bridge he goes over.

TELL a story with a "moral". The moral is supposed to be one of the above sayings.

REVISE the information you've got about the following business people and inventors referring to various materials in Units 1-7.

LOUIS CHEVROLET WILLIAM DURANT WILLIAM HARLEY

ARTHUR DAVIDSON RIOSUKE NAMIKI LAURA ASHLEY

HENRY HEINZ JOHN PEMBERTON ASA G.CANDLER

HARRY SELFRIDGE P.T.BARNUM JAN CARZON

HENRY FORD JACK COHEM RICHARD SEARS

KING GILLETTE MONTGOMERY WARD CLARENCE SANDERS

FREDERIC TAYLOR HENRY FAYOL KENNETH BLANCHARD

SPENSER JOHNSON WILLIAM MONROE CHARLES GOODYEAR

SPEAK about America as the country of many inventions. Describe the ways those inventions became part of our everyday life.

MAKE PRESENTATIONS using the full-page illustrations in Units 5-7.

WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

WRITE an essay taking the sayings from Exercise 2.4 as titles.

ADDITIONAL READING

READ AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What are Microsoft's president plans for the future?

TWE GENIUS OF GOLDEN GATES

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 8A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is said or implied in each paragraph of the text.

1. The first paragraph of the text conveys the idea that

Microsoft has been a profitable business in recent years

William Gates has become a role model for his generation

Microsoft is engaged in charity work all over the world

William Gates is soon going to leave the company for good

2. The second paragraph describes

William Gates' childhood years spent in Orlando, Florida

the way Microsoft went from a two-room office to one of the largest corporations in the USA;

the characteristics of Microsoft Disc Operating System

how personal computers appeared in every home in America

3. The third paragraph proves that

Gates has a brilliant commercial sense and experience

Steven Spielberg is a well-known Hollywood film director

interactive games will never become a household thing

Gates doesn't want to dominate the world's software market

4. The fourth paragraph says that

Gates has no special interest in the Internet program

personal computers aren't worthy for children nowadays

Gates is not worried about the future of computer industry

Microsoft is creating special kid computers for teenagers

5. The fifth paragraph implies that

experts share different views on the software market future

Gates tries to find new ways to use charity for business

Microsoft is losing its dominant position on the market now

there's no other option but Microsoft operating systems

6. In Line 26, the word "wired" is closest in meaning to

wheeled

viewed

plugged

widened

MINI-TEST N2

CHOOSE THE RIGHT VARIANT.

LEADERSHIP PROBLEMS

A manager, at whatever level in an organization, (must, has, should) to get the best results (from, out of, off) the resources at his or her command -- money, time, materials, equipment, know-how, and people. To be (successful, happy, effectively) he or she ( have to, has to, hasn't) display the quality of leadership. Without it, plans and controls mean very (few, not much, little). In fact, the words "manager" and "leader" mean much the same as (a, the, --) business manager performs (the, a, --) same fundamental role as does a leader in any (another, other, the other) area. Leadership (may, might, have to) be defined as a person's ability to maintain the enthusiastic support of the persons under his or her command towards the achievement of common goals. The (propose, purpose, person) of leadership is to provide (the, --, a) sense of unity and direction to an organization.

II. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE WORDS FROM THE LIST BELOW.

ON DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

Several studies (1) ___ the idea that the democratic leadership (2) ___ trust, initiative, friendliness and a sense of (3) ___.It leads to a supportive environment within which leaders and group members (4) ___ to each other in a positive manner. There is an atmosphere of respect and mutual influence between the (5) ___ and the followers. Most decisions are made (6) ___.

Membership of such a group is in itself a satisfying (7) ___. A leader is as effective as the group or organization (8) ___ the task for which the group exists. Other criteria of effective leadership include open and meaningful (9) ___ within the group and participative decision-making and (10) ___ power.

WORDS TO BE FILLED IN GAPS:

a) performs b) support c) sharing d) responsibility

e) encourages f) leader g) jointly h) communication
i) experience j) relate

MUSIC BOX

EAGLES

HOTEL CALIFORNIA

On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair,

Warm smell of colitas, rising through the air.

Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light,

My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim,

I had to stop for the night.

There she stood in the doorway, I heard the mission bell

And I was thinking to myself, this could be heaven or this could be hell.

Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way,

There were voices down the corridor, I thought I heard them say:

"Welcome to the Hotel California,

Such a lovely place, such a lovely face.

Plenty of room at the Hotel California

Any time of year, you can find it here".

Her mind is Tiffany twisted, she got the Mercedes Benz.

She got a lot of pretty, pretty boys, that she calls friends.

How they dance in the courtyard, sweet summer sweat,

Some dance to remember, some dance to forget.

So I called up the captain, "Please bring me my wine". He said,

"We haven't had that spirit here since nineteen sixty-nine".

And still those voices are calling from far away.

Wake you up in the middle of the night, just to hear them say:

(chorus)

Mirrors on the ceiling,the pink champagne on ice,and she said:

"We are all just prisoners here, of our own device".

And in the master's chambers, they gathered for the feast,

They stab it with their steely knives but they can't kill the beast.

Last thing I remember, I was running for the door,

I had to find the passage back to the place I was before.

"Relax, said the nightman, We are programmed to receive

You can check out any time you like, but you can never leave".

(chorus)

TASKS

1. LISTEN to the song trying to catch as many familiar words as you can.

2. STUDY the text of the lyrics carefully. Make sure you understand the meanings. Is it a true story? Is it not?

3. SHARE your impressions on the song and on the performance. What do you think makes this song popular with several generations of rock music fans?

4. BRING & PLAY another rock ballad in class.

Tell your groupmates why you enjoy listening to it.

UNIT NINE MARKETING: OF SPONSORS AND SPORTS

I. VOCABULARY LIST

to market products marketing program

to participate social events

to sponsor worldwide

to support commercial message

to distribute dramatic change

to involve package

to use as means of scope

to stimulate the public nonprofit organisations

to donate (to) charity

to convey list

to rank annual

to widen additional

to supplement medium (media)

VOCABULARY WORK

CHOOSE ACCORDING TO THE DEFINITION.

___ 1) to engage in marketing a) a donation

___ 2) to take part b) scope

___ 3) to donate money to с) annual

___ 4) to provide with maintenance d) mass media

___ 5) the system of distributing goods e) a medium

___ 6) to include as necessary f) a means

___ 7) medium g) to involve

___ 8) a means h) distribution

___ 9) a gift i) to support

___ 10) the area of activity j) to sponsor

___ 11) performed during a year k) to market

___ 12) radio, newspapers & television l) to participate

TRANSLATE PAYING ATTENTION TO THE TENSE-FORMS.

More and more companies are participating in marketing now.

These firms are distributing new technology.

That nonprofit organisation was established long ago.

Sponsors were given a chance to donate large sums of money.

Worldwide companies are involved in marketing packages.

The social events will be followed by other activities.

Sport events were supplemented by events of smaller scope.

These commercial messages were chosen as best.

The list of participants is widening to include banks.

10. Sponsorship is becoming a global industry spending billions.

WORK AT THE FOLLOWING TEXT

READ AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What is going to be the result of the globalization of communications?

MARKETING: OF SPONSORS AKTD SPORTS

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 9A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

1. In recent years social-events marketing

has established a reputation

has become an interesting business proposition

has developed greatly

has more than doubled

2. Corporate sponsorship in sports is used as means to

round up more corporate sponsors

put company logos and commercial messages everywhere

market the sponsors' products worldwide

conduct marketing experiments

3. In Line 19, the word "shortly" is closest in meaning to

(A) very soon

not long ago

in the distance

quick

4. Participating in sponsorship packages, nonprofit organizations and charities

get bonuses for their employees

receive a good welcome at the Olympic Games

benefit a lot

are proliferating

5. Sponsorship of art events can help create

a global communications industry

a new system of global communications

some charities in developing countries

a positive corporate image of the sponsor

6. According to the text, it is NOT true that

world's biggest companies are involved in direct sponsorship

Eastman Kodak Company is a sponsor of track and field events

more than 3,500 companies are doing socialevents marketing

Fuji Film is supporting sport organizations and sport events

CLASSROOM TEXT-BASED ACTIVITIES

...