Метаноґенез у рубці великої рогатої худоби і деякі аспекти його регуляції

Емісія метану великою рогатою худобою в атмосферу різних біогеохімічних провінцій Західного регіону України. Вплив годівельних чинників та мінеральних добавок на процеси метаноутворення і життєдіяльність мікроорганізмів у рубці великої рогатої худоби.

Рубрика Сельское, лесное хозяйство и землепользование
Вид автореферат
Язык украинский
Дата добавления 29.08.2015
Размер файла 162,8 K

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The dissertation is devoted to the investigation of methane production in the cattle rumen in connection with age and with the influence of different feeding factors on its intensity. Besides that the emission of methane by animals in West Ukraine was studied.

It was shown, that the intensity of methanogenesis in the rumen with age markedly increased and in the organism of 6 month old calves reached the level, which was observed in the organism of adult animals. It was established, that starch, glucose, fructose, inulin and fumaric acid revealed the inhibitory effect on methane production. The decrease of methane production was noted also under the influence of oxidated forms of sulphur, chromium, manganese, zinc. Cysteine, valine, isoleucine and lysine showed the greatest inhibitory effect among the amino acids. During the incubation of bacterial cells, separated from cattle rumen liquid, with monensin and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells the intensity of methanogenesis decreased, and the simultaneous addition of them to the incubation medium augmented their inhibitory action. It was established, that methane emission by cattle in the atmosphere was smaller in forecarphatian zone, than in low-lying zone. At the pasturable type of animal feeding the emission of methane by cattle was lower, in comparison with its emission by animals at the stabling. The introduction of the addition of trace elements with ammonium sulphate into the ration of cattle prevents the methanogenic influence of trace elements on rumen microorganisms, decreases methane emission in atmosphere and increases the gains of animals body weight.

Key words: cattle, rumen, methanogenesis, methane emission, feeding, green house gases, global warming.

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