Иммунозащитные пептиды и двойственность их антимикробных и иммуномодуляторных свойств

Лекарственный препарат широкого спектра, обладающий антимикробным и антиэндотоксиновым действием

Противоинфекционное действие; упаковочный материал обладает антимикробными свойствами

Противоинфекционное действие; инфекционные заболевания, развивающиеся в связи с аллогенной трансплантацией стволовых клеток костного мозга; профилактика инфекционных заболеваний послеожоговых ран

Противоинфекционное действие. Импетиго

Иммунозащитные пептиды c противоинфекционным действием, однако, недостаточными антимикробными свойствами

EA-230 (производитель: Exponential Biotherapies)

Глутоксим/NOV-002 (производитель:Pharma BAM/Noveios)

IMX942 (производитель: Inimex)

Олигопептидный фрагмент хорионического гонадотропина человека (в -ХГЧ, в-hCG) (ХГЧ - ассоциированный пептид LQGV, состоящий из 4 остатков аминокислот)

Гексапептид со стабилизированной дисульфидной связью

Пептид, состоящий из 5 аминокислотных остатков. Является производным IDR-1 и индолицидина

Клинические исследования. Фаза II (Россия)

Клинические исследования. Фаза II (Северная Америка)

Клинические исследования. Фаза IA

Сепсис

Туберкулез, немелкоклеточный рак легкого

Иммуномодуляторное действие; лечение лихорадки и нейтропении у больных, проходящих химиотерапию

Иммуномодуляторные пептиды

DiaPep277 (производитель: DeveloGen)

RDP58 (производитель: Genzyme)

Белок теплового шока HSP60, производный бактерицидного/ увеличивающего проницаемость мембран белка

Полусинтетический декапептид, состоящий из D- аминокислотных остатков. Является производным человеческого лейкоцитарного антигена HLA класса I B2702

Клинические исследования. Фаза IIA

Клинические исследования. Фаза II завершена

Сахарный диабет 1 типа

Воспалительные заболевания кишечника

Иммунозащитные противоинфекционные пептиды с неизвестной иммуномодуляторной активностью

Пексиганана ацетат (Pexiganan acetate (MSI-78))

PAC113 (производитель: Pacgen Biopharmaceuticals)

CZEN-002

HB-50

MBI 594AN

HB-107

PMX-30063 (производитель: PolyMedix)

HB-1345 (производитель: Helix BioMedix)

Изеганан (Iseganan (IB-367; производитель: Ardea Biosciences))

Синтетический иммунозащитный пептид, состоящий из 22 остатков аминокислот. Является производным магаинина (magainin)

Белок, состоящий из 12 аминокислот. Синтезирован на основе активного компонента гистатина 5, обнаруженного в человеческой слюне

Синтетический пептид, состоящий из 8 аминоксилотных остатков. Является производным меланоцит-стимулирующего гормона

Синтетический натуральный пептид. Имитирует свойства цекропину

Фрагмент цекропина B, состоящий из 19 аминокислотных остатков

По структуре имитирует дефензин. Низкомолекулярный сополимер непептидной природы

Липопептид, состоящий из 6 остатков аминокислот

Синтетическое производное протегрина-1, состоящее из 17 аминокислотных остатков

Клинические исследования. Фаза IIII

Клинические исследования. Фаза II

Клинические исследования. Фаза IIB

Доклинические исследования

Доклинические исследования

Доклинические исследования

Клинические исследования. Фаза IB

Клинические исследования. Предстоит Фаза I

Клинические исследования. Фаза III

Противоинфекционное, ранозаживляющее действие. Является антибиотиком местного действия

Кандидоз ротовой полости

Вульвовагинальный кандидоз

Противоинфекционное действие

Противоинфекционное действие

Заживление ран

Антибиотик

Акне

Мукозит ротовой полости у больных, проходящих радиотерапию

серьезное доказательство принципа иммуномодуляторного подхода. Оказалось, что пептид выступал в роли хемоаттрактанта нейтрофилов и впоследствии индуцировал выработку хемокина, способствовал рекрутированию клеток in vitro и in vivo; возможно, эти особенности объясняют некоторые из защитных свойств пептидов. Важно, что IDR-1, как и многие природные нейтрофильные пептиды человека, оказывает противовоспалительное и антиэндотоксиновое воздействие одновременно со своими противомикробными функциями.

Заключение

Природа создала огромный запас геннокодированных ИПЗ, очень разнообразных как по строению, так и по биологической активности. Исследование ИЗП стремительно развивается, и очевидно, что данный пептид - привлекательный кандидат для противомикробной терапии, который можетобеспечить нас потенциальными образцами для разработки как противомикробных, так и иммуномодуляторных препаратов, с возможностью объединения обоих видов активности в одной молекуле. ИЗП и их миметики могут синергически использоваться одновременно с традиционными антибиотиками, а также для воздействия на устойчивые патогенны, где традиционные антибиотики уже бессильны. Важно то, что иммуномодуляторное ИЗП, действие которых в большей мере нацелено на организм хозяина, нежели на патоген, также предоставляет отличную возможность для минимизации рисков формирования резистентности патогенов по отношению к этим соединениям. Будущие фундаментальные и клинические исследования покажут, станет ли это новое мощное “биологическое оружие” частью боевого арсенала работников здравоохранения, а также, когда это произойдет. Особенно важно, чтобы в будущей исследовательской работе использовались преимущества ИЗП, ведь природа ИЗП очень многообразна; при этом ученым следует придерживаться условий физиологического соответствия для окончательного подтверждения in vivo полезных функций ИЗП в борьбе против патогенов.

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