Synthesis and characterization of poly (ethylene phthalate-co- propylene succinate)

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Synthesis and characterization of poly (ethylene phthalate-co- propylene succinate)

Rasha Alabbas PHD student, Faculty of Sciences

Department of Chemistry, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.

Joumaa Merza Natural Products Chemistry

Faculty of pharmacy at AUST University Hama, Syria

Rana Gneem Department of Chemistry,

Faculty of Sciences, University of Al- Baath Damascus, Syria

Abstract

A Biodegradable copolyester, poly(ethylene phthalate -copropylene succinate) (PEPHPS) was synthesized via direct polycondensation from ethylene glycol (EG) phthalic acid(PHA), succinic acid (SA) and 1.2-polypropylene glycol(PG) to obtain a biodegradable polymer material with satisfactory thermal properties, The resulting samples were described by Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and some thermal properties of the prepared samples were studied by recording the curves of the differential thermal scanning device (DSC).

Keywords: propylene succinate, Ethylene phthalate, Copolyester, Biodegradable.

Аннотация

Синтез и характеристика поли (этиленфталат-пропилен сукцинат)

Раша Аль-Аббас Аспирант, факультет наук, Химический факультет Университета Аль-Баас Хомс, Сирия. Жума Мирза Арабский частный научно-технический университет, Фармацевтический факультет, Хама, Сирия. Рана Гонейм Химический факультет, Факультет наук, Университет Аль-Баас Дамаск, Сирия

Биоразлагаемый сополиэфир, поли (этиленфталат- пропилен сукцинат) (PEPHPS) был синтезирован путем прямой поликонденсации из этиленгликоля (EG), фталевой кислоты (PHA), янтарной кислоты (SA) и 1,2-полипропиленгликоля (PG) для получения биоразлагаемого полимерного материал с удовлетворительными термическими свойствами. Полученные образцы были описаны с помощью инфракрасной спектроскопии (ИК), а некоторые термические свойства приготовленных образцов были изучены путем записи кривых дифференциального теплового сканирующего устройства (ДСК).

Ключевые слова: пропилен сукцинат, этиленфталат, сополиэфир, биоразлагаемый.

Introduction

Synthetic polymers have become the basis of modern packaging industry in the last three decades, Plastic is one of the most important of these synthetic polymers, About one third of the world plastics` production has been recently used for packaging Unfortunately, the increasing consumption of plastics for packaging of the products of short life cycle leads to growing problems concerning theaccumulation of plastic waste[1-3.] Aromatic polyesters, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have excellent physical and mechanical properties and are among the most important commercially available polymers with widespread application, especially in the food and beverage packaging. However, due to their strong resistance to bacterial or fungal attack they usually remain unaltered under the environment conditions, and result in a considerable waste stream[4]. On the other hand, aliphatic polyesters could be degraded in the environment and comprise an important family of biodegradable polymers. Incorporation of biodegradable aliphatic units into the molecular chain of aromatic polyesters has been regarded as an effective strategy to obtain novel biodegradable copolyesters Copolyesters of PET/PBT with aliphatic polyesters, such as PET-poly(butylene succinate,PBT- poly(butylene adipate), PBT-poly(butylene succinate) and PBT-poly(succinic anhydride-ethylene oxide) have been designed and described as environmentally degradable or hydrolysable[5-6]. Biodegradable polymers are one of the most important solutions that have been addressed to reduce the impact of waste plastics. In this research we show an example of these polymers.

Experimental

Materials: Succinic acid (SA) from Acros Organics, phathalic acid (PHA) from Sigma- Aldrich 1,2-proplene glycol was purchased from Poch and used without further purification process. Aluminum Chloride as catalyst was obtained from Merck- Schuchardt Also, other chemicals and solvents were used without further purification.

Synthesis of copolyesters: First, the prepolymer of PEPH( Poly Ethylene phthalate) was charged to a three necked flask and fully melted at 226 C° under the protection of nitrogen flow and agitation. Afterwards the blends of prepolymer of PPS( Poly Propylene succinate) at a counted molar ratio was charged into the flask. then the reaction was performed at 235 C under a vacuum of 0.08 MPa for 2h.

Results and Discussion

Synthesis of Poly (Ethylene phthalate-co- Propylene succinate): The synthesis was made according to the following interactive scheme 1:

Scheme 1:Synthetic route of poly(PEPH-co-PPS)

Structure characterization of poly (PEPH-co-PPS): FT-IR: The infrared spectra (IR) of the copolyester ( Figure 1) show the following peaks: 2986/2938 cm^-1 (CHsp3 str),3069 cm^-1 (CHp2 str),3344 cm^-1 (OH str),1745 cm^-1 (C=O),1589 cm^-1 (C=C)and 1237 cm^-1 (C-O).

biodegradable polymer copolyester synthesis

Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC): DSC measurements of copolyesters were carried out on a differential scanning calorimeter, the code is DSC131 from the company (SETARAM), made in France which equipped with a liquid nitrogen with out cooling system. The samples of about 8-10 mg were encapsulated in the DSC aluminum pans and then thermally treated. DSC thermal diagram was recorded at the heat speed of 10 _C/min from 25 to 440 C°, and glasstransition temperature Tg and melting point Tm determined from the endothermic curves[7].Figure 3 illustrates the DSC thermal diagram of copolyester. The change of the Tg,Tm and Td between prepolymer and copolymer was exhibited in table 1.

Table1: The thermal data of polymer

Conclusions

In this work, we synthesized copolyester by polycondensation of ethylene phthalate and propylene succinate. The polymer exhibits good solubility in many common solvents which is an important quality in view of its applications. The synthesized polyester showed relatively high Tm above 200 °C. therefore the new copolyester are expected to find wider Applications.

References

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2. Gross RA, McCarthy SP, Reeve MS, inventors; UMass Lowell, assignee. Biodegradable and hydrodegradable diblock copolymers composed of poly (. beta. United States patent US 5,439,985. 1995 Aug 8.

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4. Ahn BD, Kim SH, Kim YH, Yang JS. Synthesis and characterization of the biodegradable copolymers from succinic acid and adipic acid with 1, 4- butanediol. Journal of applied polymer science. 2001 Dec 9;82(11):2808-26.

5. Wang BT, Zhang Y, Song PA, Guo ZH, Cheng J, Fang ZP. Biodegradable aliphatic/aromatic copolyesters based on terephthalic acid and poly (L-lactic acid): Synthesis, characterization and hydrolytic degradation. Chinese journal of polymer science. 2010 May 1;28(3):405-15.

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