Moscow Attractions

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Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. The vast territory of Russia lies in the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Russia is washed by twelve seas and three oceans. The capital of Russian Federation is Moscow, with the population of about 10 million people.

The land of Russia varies very much from forests to deserts, from high mountains to deep valleys. The main mountain are the Urals, the Caucasus and the Altai. There are a lot of great rivers and deep lakes on its territory. Also there are many animals in Russia.

The longest rivers are the Volga in Europe and the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena in Asia. The largest lakes are Ladoga and Baikal. Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and its water is the purest on earth.

The Russian Federation is rich in natural and mineral resources. It has deposits of oil, gas, iron, gold, silver and many others. The European part of the country is densely peopled, and most population live in cities. The current population of Russia is more than 145 million people.

Russia is a presidential republic. It is one of the leading powers in the world.

Moscow - capital of our Native land! With this statement lived tens millions people in multinational territory of former Soviet union. Truly one of the largest cities of the world, with the population - more than 10 млн. The man, and area up to 1000 sq. kms.

Moscow - capital of Russian Federation, city of federal meaning(importance), subject of Russian Federation, centre of the Central federal district and Moscow area, city - hero. The largest city, major transport unit, and also political, economic, cultural and centre of science of the country. The population: 10406,6 thousand the man (2005), area: 1081 kms / кв (2005)

The city Moscow - vast megalopolis including 9 administrative districts, in which structure, in turn, enters 120 administrative areas...

Moscow - ancient and eternally young city always played a conducting role in development of culture, city of the world famous monuments of architecture, city of new modern highways and areas. In Moscow lived and many most outstanding political figures and figures of the literature, art, science and engineering worked. Moscow - city of museums and theatres, libraries and sports structures, which doors are widely open for muscovites and visitors of capital.

Moscow Attractions

Tsar Cannon

Tsar Cannon - a medieval cannon (bombard), a monument of Russian artillery and founding art, cast in bronze in 1586 by the Russian master Andrei Chokhov at Cannon yard.

Description

Length of the cannon - 5,34 m, the outer diameter of the barrel - 120 cm in diameter at the muzzle of patterned belt - 134 cm, caliber 890 mm (35 inches), weight - 39.31 tons (2400 pounds).

Decorated with reliefs belts, on the right side of the muzzle - the image of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich (a crown and a scepter in his hand) on horseback. The barrel is placed on each side of four brackets for fixing cables when moving the gun.

Above the front right guard poured over the image of King: "Grace of God King and Grand Duke Fedor Emperor and Autocrat of All the great Russia."

At the top of the trunk cast two inscriptions:

right - "Believing the decree and Christ-King and Grand Duke Fedor sovereign autocrat of all the great Russia with his pious and hristolyubivoy queen Grand Princess Irene '

left - "merge byst Sia gun in the city of Moscow preimenitom summer 7094, in his State of the third summer. Did cannon gun litets Andrew Chokhov. "

According to one version, the name of the Tsar Cannon is associated with the image of Tsar Fedor Ivanovich, but more likely that the name was due to the significant size of the gun. In ancient times, a gun called the "Shotgun Russian", because it was designed to fire "fractions", ie shot. The gun was classified as a basilisk. Along the length of the gun barrel has a 6 gauge, while mortars XVII-XVIII centuries it reached 2-2.5 caliber, and have long-range mortars - to 3.5 caliber.

Storymoscow attractions tsar cannon

Tsar Cannon. XIX Century. Photo "Scherer, Nabgolts & Co".

Cast in bronze in 1586, during the reign of Tsar Fedor Ivanovich, Cannon Yard, Russian master Andrei Chokhov.

Carriages and fine nucleus for the gun, decorated with cast ornaments, produced in 1835 at the St. Petersburg plant Byrd, designed by the architect A. Briullov and drawings engineer P. J. de Witte.

Originally planned for the defense of the Kremlin From zahvatchikov, Tsar Cannon was set cannon peals (special wooden decking timber) near the Execution Ground in Red Square, but the fighting was not involved.

In the XVIII century cannon moved to the Moscow Kremlin, first in the yard of the Arsenal, and then to its main gate. In Soviet times, in 1960 in connection with the construction of the Kremlin Palace of Congresses, Tsar Cannon solemnly moved to Ivanovo area of the Kremlin, the Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles. Currently tool is the decorative cast-iron carriage, and nearby are decorative cast-iron core weighing 1.97 tons, cast in 1834 (shot gun such nuclei can not).

In 1980, in Serpukhov was repaired gun while she was examined by specialists Artillery Academy. Dzerzhinsky. By the structure of the trunk Tsar Cannon was classic Bombardier designed to fire stone balls weighing about 800 kg. It was also found that of the Tsar Cannon shot [1] at least once. According to Gumilev, the only shot was fired Falsdmitry ashes. [2]

Tsar Cannon was entered in the Guinness Book of Records [3] as the largest caliber gun (the largest in size and weight is the German "Dora" in the XIX century there were also larger caliber mortars).

State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia

Museum of Contemporary History of Russia (until September 1998 Museum of the Revolution) is the national museum of federal significance. The museum is located in the center of Moscow (Tverskaya Street, 21) in the building - an architectural monument of the late classicism of the late XVIII century. From 1831 to 1917 it housed the Moscow English Club. In 1917 it was transferred to the Museum.

The first steps towards the organization of the Museum have been made since the overthrow of the monarchy. March 21 (March 8, Old Style), 1917, the museum's director of All-Russian Union of Cities, famous journalist VP Kranihfeld addressed to the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Moscow public organizations NM Kishkin the proposal "promptly convene a meeting of representatives of historical science and existing Moscow museums in order to research and development process of the establishment of the Museum of the Revolution in Moscow. "The meeting, which took place on 4 April (March 22, Old Style), 1917, was created by the Society of the Museum of the Revolution, which brought together people of different political persuasions: progressive scholars, artists, writers and journalists, representatives of the various trends of the Russian liberation and revolutionary movement.

It was then that the main directions of the future Museum: to collect diverse sources and comprehensive study of the history of the Russian liberation movement.

In 1922, the exhibition "Red Moscow". Soon after the exhibition transformed into revolutionary history museum in Moscow. In 1924 it was renamed the Museum of the Revolution of the USSR.

Over time, as the completion of the museum collections, expanding the timeframe and subject of museum exhibitions and exhibitions reflecting the history of the Soviet and post-Soviet period, the profile of the museum has changed. It has evolved into the largest museum in the country according to the latest national history.

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