Mediators of english love spells

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Mediators of english love spells

K. V. Kireienko

Автор статті досліджує англійські любовні замовляння з точки зору когнітивної лінгвістики з метою аналізу медіаторів, до яких прямо чи опосередковано апелює маг. Англійські любовні замовляння є частиною нижчої магії, яку також називають природною магією, що була широко використовувана у Середньовіччі та якою все ще послуговуються у деяких частинах світу. Практична, чи народна магія об'єднує мистецтва чаклунства, чорної та білої магії, Вуду, що використовують трави, амулети, воскові фігурки та інші предмети, а також візуалізацію та заклинання з метою досягнення бажаного результату. Медіатори відіграють значну роль під час проведення магічного ритуалу. Їх викликають з метою отримання від них допомоги чи захисту. Проаналізував 120 англійських любовних замовлянь, ми виявили 33 активних медіаторів, до яких маг звертається прямо, та 9 пасивних, чиї сили він використовує під час проведення магічного ритуалу. Активними медіаторами англійських любовних замовлянь є такі язичницькі боги як Марс, Меркурій, Венера, Купідон, Триєдина Богиня, Місяць, Сонце, а також феї, Духи Добра, Духи Кохання, Земля, Вода, Повітря, Вогонь, Вітер, різні рослини, такі як квітуче фруктове дерево, червона троянда, лаванда, омела, лавр, і такі магічні атрибути як ладан, мед, свічки, рожева стрічка, нитки, перстень та голки. Пасивними медіаторами англійських любовних замовлянь є язичницькі боги Юпітер, Сатурн, Венера, а також феї, Північ, Схід, Захід, Південь, Повітря, Земля, Вогонь, каміння, небеса, полум'я червоної свічки та сила щирого кохання.

Ключові слова: когнітивна лінгвістика, фольклор, магія, медіатор, замовляння. mediator mage ritual love

В данной статье английские любовные заговоры рассмотрены с точки зрения когнитивной лингвистики с целью анализа медиаторов, к которым прямо и непрямо апеллирует маг. Английские любовные заговоры являются частью низшей магии, также называемой природной магией, которая была широко применима в Средние века и все еще используется в некоторых частях мира. Также называемая практической магией, народная магия объединяет в себе искусства колдовства, черной и белой магии, Вуду, которые используют травы, амулеты, восковые фигурки и другие предметы наравне с визуализацией и заклинаниями с целью получения желаемого результата. Медиаторы играют существенную роль в осуществлении магического ритуала, во время проведения которого их призывают с целью получения от них помощи либо покровительства. Проанализировав 120 английских любовных заговоров, мы определили 33 активных медиатора, к которым маг обращается прямо, и 9 пассивных, чьи силы он использует во время проведения магического ритуала. Активными медиаторами английских любовных заговоров являются такие языческие боги как Марс, Меркурий, Венера, Купидон, Триединая Богиня, Луна, Солнце, а также феи, Духи Добра, Духи Любви, Земля, Вода, Воздух, Огонь, Ветер, различные растения, такие как цветущее фруктовое дерево, красная роза, лаванда, омела, лавр, и такие магические атрибуты как ладан, мед, свечи, розовая лента, нитки, кольцо и иглы. Пассивными медиаторами английских любовных заговоров выступают языческие боги Юпитер, Сатурн, Венера, а также феи, Север, Восток, Юг, Запад, Воздух, Земля, Огонь, камень, небеса, пламя красной свечи и сила искренней любви.

Ключевые слова: когнитивная лингвистика, фольклор, магия, медиатор, заговоры.

The present article addresses English love spells from the point of view of cognitive linguistics with the purpose of analysis of mediators to which the spell caster turns directly and indirectly. English love spells are the part of low magic, sometimes called natural magic, that was widely practised in the Middle Ages and still is in some parts of the world. Also known as practical magic, folk magic combines the arts of witchcraft, spell craft, hexcraft and voodoo, which utilize herbs, amulets, wax images and other simple objects along with visualization and incantations to bring about the desired result. Mediators play a vital part in casting spells. They are summoned to attend magic making rituals. They are usually called in along with the quarters when a circle is drawn. They can be summoned to stand outside and guard the circle or as witnesses to ritual and spells to be cast. Having analyzed 120 English love spells, we found out 33 active mediators, to which the spell caster turns directly and 9 passive mediators, which powers are used by the spell caster. Among the active mediators of English love spells may be mentioned such pagan gods as Mars, Mercury, Venus, Cupid, Triple Goddess, Moon, Sun, as well as faeries, Spirits of Good, Spirits of Love, Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Wind, different plants, such as blossoming fruit tree, red rose, lavender, mistletoe, laurel, and such magical objects as incense, honey, candles, pink ribbon, treads, ring and needle. Among the passive mediators of English love spells may be mentioned such pagan gods as Jupiter, Saturn, Venus, as well as faeries, North, East, South, West, Air, Earth, Fire, stone, heaven, red candle flame and power of true love.

Key words: cognitive linguistics, folklore, magic, mediator, spells.

Low magic, sometimes called natural magic, was widely practised in the Middle Ages and still is in some parts of the world. Also known as practical magic, it combines the arts of witchcraft, spell craft, hexcraft and voodoo, which utilize herbs, amulets, wax images and other simple objects along with visualization and incantations to bring about the desired result. It is the folk magic of less developed parts of the world where it is often done for a fee, and in the developed world it is the magic of many spell casters. In low magic, spells are cast for good or evil. Mediators play a vital part in casting spells. They are summoned to attend magic making rituals. They are usually called in along with the quarters when a circle is drawn. They can be summoned to stand outside and guard the circle or as witnesses to ritual and spells to be cast. After a spell weaving ceremony is over, the mediators are thanked for giving their blessing and adding their power to the magic that has been made [1, p. 28, 39]. We have analyzed 120 English love spells found in such compilations as “The Ultimate Book of Spells” [2], “Exploring Spellcraft” [3], “Practical Guide to Witchcraft and Magick Spells” [4], “Encyclopedia of Spells” [1], “Faery Magick: Spells, Potions, and Lore from the Earth Spirits” [5], “Love: Spells and Rituals for Love and Relationships” [6], “The Complete Idiot's Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft” [7]. The aim was to find out the mediators of English love spells to which the spell caster turns directly and indirectly.

English love spells in the form of appeal comprise 72 % of analyzed magical texts. The spell caster turns to:

• The object of the spell, calling him dear lover, true lover, my dearest friend and using verbs in:

• the Imperative: [Person's name], seek me out, come to me in voice or flesh. Hear this call of heart and mind, o friend of mine [6, p. 16]; Lover, hear me call to thee. Lover, find your way to me [3, p. 117]; Know, I move to you as you move to me. As I think of you, think also of me. As I call your name, call me to you. Come to me in love [2, p. 259]; Near or far, over land and sea, a lover true I call to me. Come, lover, come [4, p. 268]; Lover, oh dear lover, come to me [6, p. 17]; Lover, lover, come to me [2, p. 255]; With powerful lover powders all over thee, hurry, hurry come back to me [6, p. 14]; If it be right, come back to me [2, p. 256]; Lover, never stray from me [1, p. 100]; Leave my heart and leave me free, leave my life, no pain for me [2, p. 260]; Withdraw from me now [2, p. 263]; [Name], love me now [2, p. 262]; Love without end, my dearest friend [4, p. 142];

• the Present Simple Tense: As you become a part of me, so let me become a part of you! For you I yearn, for me you burn [6, p. 12]; Me you can't resist. For me you fall [6, p. 16]; In me you find love and comfort. In me you find a sure support [6, p. 20]; I move to you as you move to me [2, p. 259].

• The heart of the object of the spell: Heart, find linked to mine [6, p. 12].

• Venus, Goddess of love, maker of happy unions, goddess of harmony: Grant us, oh maker of happy unions, greater love in full [6, p. 25]; O goddess of harmony, hear my supplications [6, p. 25]; Venus, shining in the night, bless my heart with love and light [1, p. 90]; Venus, please lend your power and on us may your blessings shower [1, p. 107]; Goddess of love, bring to me sweet passion's fire [2, p. 81]; Keep my true love with me, Goddess of love [2, p. 265].

• Cupid, God of desire: God of desire, bring to me sweet passion's fire [2, p. 81]; God of desire, bring to me fidelity [2, p. 265].

• Triple Goddess in her guise of Maid, Mother and Crone: Triple Goddess, hear my plea, I ask you now to set us free [2, p. 266].

• Mars: Mars, in his / her dreams please let him / her see, that he / she and I will soon be [1, p. 106].

• Mercury: Mercury, take a message clear, to my true love - far or near [1, p. 106].

• Moon: And by Moon's power help him / her see, our love is seen and meant to be [1, p. 105].

• Sun: Candle red and Sun above, kindle passion in my love [1, p. 107].

• Faeries of the North, East, South and West, winged, Earth, flower, light, loving, helpful: Winged faeries, blessed be. May my love fly to me [5, p. 115]; Starspun fae of the North, East, South, and West, may our love be divinely blessed [5, p. 122]; I call upon the flower faeries, bring thoughts of loving harmony. I thank the helpful flower faeries for their thoughts of loving harmony [5, p. 124]; May the love and affection of the Earth faeries be with you, may the love and affection of the winged faeries be with you, may the love and affection of the light faeries be with you, may the love and affection of the helpful faeries be with you. By the power of the loving Sidhe, blessed be! [5, p. 121]. Sidhe means “people of the faery mounds.” A distinction is often made between the “sidhe” who are seen walking on the ground after sunset, and the “Sluagh Sidhe,” the faery host who travel through the air at night and are known to abduct mortals. There are also guardian “sidhe” associated with the lakes of Ireland and Scotland. These distinct categories of “sidhe” beings tie in with the testimonies of seers who divide the “sidhe” into Wood spirits, Water spirits, and Air spirits, i.e., the Elemental spirits [5, p. 38].

• Spirits of Good: Spirits of Good, on you now I beg to intrude [1, p. 92].

• True love: True love, come to me [2, p. 260]; True love, come unto me [7, p. 305]; Love that was, please, be recovered [1, p. 104]; Come, love, come to me, love, to me come, if it is right be [4, p. 29].

• Spirits of Love: Spirits of Love, on you now I beg to intrude [1, p. 92]; To the Spirit of Love I now attend, don't let our love come to an end [1, p. 126].

• Message of love: Message of love, I set you free, to capture a love and return to me [2, p. 81].

• Fire: Fire, come from this wood, bring love and caring [2, p. 256]; I pull in the Element of Fire. The love I need I put in my heart. Make it grow, give it spark [7, p. 295].

• Stream, lake, sea or ocean water - Lady Ocean, Mother Sea: Lady Ocean, Mother Sea, I take of yours, not willingly [4, p. 273]; Waters rise, and waters flow, bring love to me and make it grow [7, p. 295].

• Earth, Water, Air, Fire: Earth, Water, Air and Fire, bring me [name] 's true love as I desire [1, p. 86]; Fire, Earth, Air, Water, I thank you for your presence here [1, p. 92].

• Spirits of Fire, Earth, Air, Water: Fire, Earth, Air, Water. Spirits of the elements, be with me [1, p. 92].

• East, West, South and North Winds: Hail to thee, East Wind. Hail to thee, South Wind. Hail to thee, West Wind. Hail to thee, North Wind. I call for love and make this offering to you [1, p. 96].

• Bulb and its shoots: Plant, take root and grow shoots, shoots, grow into leaves [1, p. 82].

• Beautiful blossoming fruit tree: Beautiful blossoming fruit tree, bless us with your love so sweet, young and old, strong andfree, by the Divine Spirit of this tree, so be it! Blessed be! [5, p. 113].

• Red rose, true love's flower: Flower of love, please let it be, that true love is coming to me [1, p. 85]; Red rose, true love's flower, please lend me your power [1, p. 98].

• Lavander: Lavender blue, lavender green, in romantic light let us be seen [1, p. 101].

• Mistletoe, plant of magick: Plant of magick, leaf of green, let him whose initials are pricked on thee, grow in his heart a desire for me [3, p. 175].

• Sacred laurel leaves: Sacred leaves, glow in the fire, warm the heart of my true love's desire [1, p. 84]; Laurel leaves, burn into the fire, bring to me my heart's desire [2, p. 266].

• Incense of faithfulness and truth: Incense of faithfulness, incense of truth, bring love that will last in age and in youth [4, p. 140].

• Fae honey, sweet honey of romance and beauty: Sweet fae honey of romance and beauty, bring sweet love with each new day [5, p. 124].

• Candles: Indigo, shade of twilight deep, may my lover enjoy deep sleep [1, p. 106]; Candle blue, please tell my love, we go together hand in glove [1, p. 106]; Candle green, please burn strong and tell my love it won't be long [1, p. 106]; Candle yellow, may your flame, make my lover hear my name [1, p. 107]; Candle orange, light the way and make my lover hear me say [1, p. 107]; Candle red and Sun above, kindle passion in my love [1, p. 107].

• Pink ribbon of love: Ribbon of love, as I bind thee, please let true love find me [1, p. 89].

• Ring of promise: Ring of promise, love I ask [4, p. 142].

• Needle: Needle in the flame, needle of fire, pierce his thoughts, make him writhe and agonize, till his heart turns back to me [6, p. 25].

• Threads: Threads, bind, body entwine [6, p. 12].

• Knot: This knot, bound our heart [1, p. 114].

Mediators of English love spells, to which the spell caster does not turn directly, but which power uses:

• Venus: By the power of Venus, so mote it be [3, p. 175].

• Jupiter: Candle green, please burn strong and tell my love it won't be long, till Jupiter says we'll be together, not for now, but together forever [1, p. 106].

• Saturn: Candle orange, light the way and make my lover hear me say that Saturn smiles from on high and by my side my love will lie [1, p. 107].

• Shining flower helpful faeries from North, East, South, and West: May these berries be divinely blessed with the loving gifts of the faeries from North, East, South, and West. I offer these sweet berries to the helpful and generous faeries from North, East, South, and West. In the name of the shining fae, may my love be divinely blessed [5, p. 125]; I empower these flowers with love, devotion, and harmony by the flower faeries [5, p. 126].

• North, East, South, and West: By North, East, South, and West, may our love be divinely blessed [5, p. 115].

• Air: With this intent I call to Air, to cast my spell to the winds so fair [7, p. 310].

• Heaven, earth, stone, fire: By heaven and earth, by stone and fire so mote it be [6, p. 16].

• Red candle flame: May [name] and I be one again, by the warmth of this candle flame [1, p. 126].

• Power of true love: Love to me please bring, by the power of love so true [1, p. 95].

Having analyzed 120 English love spells, we found out 33 active mediators, to which the spell caster turns directly and 9 passive mediators, which powers are used by the spell caster. Among the active mediators of English love spells may be mentioned such pagan gods as Mars, Mercury, Venus, Cupid, Triple Goddess, Moon, Sun, as well as faeries, Spirits of Good, Spirits of Love, Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Wind, different plants, such as blossoming fruit tree, red rose, lavender, mistletoe, laurel, and such magical objects as incense, honey, candles, pink ribbon, treads, ring and needle. Among the passive mediators of English love spells may be mentioned such pagan gods as Jupiter, Saturn, Venus, as well as faeries, North, East, South, West, Air, Earth, Fire, stone, heaven, red candle flame and power of true love. Perspective research would be the analysis of mediators of love spells of other languages.

References

1. Johnstone M. Encyclopedia of Spells / Michael Johnstone. - London : Arcturus Publishing Limited : Capella, 2003. - 200 p.

2. Ball P. J. The Ultimate Book of Spells / Pamela J. Ball. - London : Arcturus Publishing Limited, 2007. - 352 p.

3. Dunwich G. Exploring Spellcraft / Gerina Dunwich. - New Jersey : New Page Books, 2001. - 224 p.

4. Eason C. A Practical Guide to Witchcraft and Magick Spells / Cassandra Eason. - Norfolk : Foulsham, 2001. - 256 p.

5. Knight S. Faery Magick : Spells, Potions, and Lore from the Earth Spirits / Sirona Knight. - New Jersey : New Page Books, 2003. - 223 p.

6. Love : Spells & Rituals for Love & Relationships / Talismagick : Magick for a Modern World [Електронний ресурс]. - Режим доступу : http://www.scribd.com/doc/2976889/Book-of- Love-Spells.

7. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Wicca and Witchcraft / ed. Denise Zimmermann, Katherine A. Gleason. - Indianapolis : Alpha Books, 2000. - 364 p.

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