Current color solution features in interiors on modern ships

Кольорове рішення в інтер'єрах розглянутих типів суден визначалося завдяки візуально - графічного аналізу 1000 зображень і проведеному опитуванню серед моряків, що працюють на різних типах судів.

Ключові слова: морське судно, інтер'єр, кольорове рішення, комфорт, сучасність, тип судна, призначення судна і приміщень, круизное судно, яхта, вантажне судно.

Аннотация

Мейсон А. Особенности существующего цветового решения в интерьерах на современных морских судах. Цвет является основным из композиционных приемов, используемых для создания интерьеров на морских судах, позволяет сбалансировать физиологические и психологические особенности. В зависимости от назначения судна и помещений цветовое решение интерьеров будет меняться. На круизных судах цветовое решение направлено на отдых пассажиров. Ныне существующая приоритетная цветовая гамма на круизных судах -- бежево -- коричневая. В яхтах выбор цвета в интерьере зависит от предпочтений владельца. Основной используемый цвет в интерьерах яхт -- белый. Цветовое решение интерьеров грузового судна напрямую зависит от средств, выделяемых владельцем, и решением капитана. Анализ показал на существующие традиции в цветовом решении интерьеров судов и отсутствие учета существующих последних научных рекомендаций по использованию цвета в интерьере.

Цветовое решение в интерьерах рассмотренных типов судов определялось благодаря визуально -- графическому анализу 1000 изображений и проведенному опросу среди моряков, работающих на разных типах судов.

Ключевые слова: морское судно, интерьер, цветовое решение, комфорт, современность, тип судна, назначение судна и помещений, круизной судно, яхта, грузовое судно.

Problem statement

For some people the sea vessel is a luxury and associated with leisure and travel, for others it is a work and hard psychological and physiological stresses. With time the need and interest in sea transport increased when both types of people increases. The ship is modernized by its architecture and structures. Interior here is frozen in time. Interiors on sea vessels depend entirely on its function and design accordingly. It is almost impossible to change the shape of the berth and public rooms, berth- companies, technical facilities. Therefore, psychological and physiological balance can be achieved through color.

Analysis of recent research and publications

In publications Pavlyuchenko Y.M., Pavlihina E.D., Yudkinoy U.V., A. Funtusova and others on various types of ships, not enough attention is paid to interior design component of the courts analyzed [2, 3]. G.R. Sharafutdinov considered the interiors of yachts and their features [1]. He compared yacht interiors with residential interiors and spoke about the color. Gnatiuk L.R. investigated color solution in the interiors with an emphasis on design and the psychological state of the person [4, 5]. There are many publications concerning color in the interior in specific ship design options, such as the description of 695 yachts projects [10]. Kuznetsova I. and Shepel H. previously considered interior features such sea vessels as: cruise, yacht, cargo and small-displacement vessels [2, 3, 6, 7]. This authors studied the existing state in the color design of the ship's interior [7]. But they did not write recommendations for improving the use of color in the design of the interiors of ships. Most of these publications are aimed at one-off specific recommendations on modern design, rather than the analysis of the existing color scheme in the interiors vessels.

The formulation the article purposes: to identify the features of the existing color solutions in modern sea vessels.

Main part

It was analyzed 1000 pictures of various interiors on sea vessels when writing the article [6 - 12]. It was held a sociological poll among Ukrainian seamen working on the Ukrainian courts and courts of foreign companies. The poll was carried out gradually for three years. In total polled 126 sailors command ranks of the vessels. Besides ships working in the Black Sea, received information about the interiors of the vessels of the Greek and Russian companies working in the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Persian Gulf; Norwegian company, operating in the the North Sea and ocean Atlantichekom.

Vessels analysis showed that for different types of vessels will be used different colors. Color solution similarly depends on the functioning room.

Image analysis showed that cruise ships are characterized by three color palettes, which are often used: beige-brown -- 64%, burgundy-red - 22% and "sea wave" colors -- 14% (Figure 1).

Fig. 1 Color interior solutions on cruise ships

Heavy interiors are accenting the use of beige and brown tones, for a sense of strength, reliability and comfort on vessel. Such a combination of interior and colors is considered as successful because brown color is associated with the ground. Land inspires reliability in this situation. This interior is more suitable for passengers who experience anxiety, emotion, and for people looking for relaxation and tranquility. But precise recommendations relating specifically to the need to use it a priority brown color in the interior vessels, the authors of the article are not found. There may be problems of perception of certain colors in the interior of the vessel. For example, a well-known problem of color "cocoa with milk" under the shade. the influence of the oscillation process.

Burgundy-red spectrum is a mixture of red and brown and contents of these colors energy. Brown is the color of peace, the red is contrary excitement. Therefore, this combination creates an impression of the luxurious interior. It creates a festive mood, and a person gets energy and improved mood. This is a strong emotional spectrum for stimulating people to vigorous actions, activity, energy and life. It adds confidence, gives a feeling of safety and security when the person is in society.

On cruise ships "sea wave" color palette interiors is used to indicate the all passengers for sea vacation. Color of sea wave covers a wide range of palette. This color is never boring. It can be as warm as cold, ranges from deep blue-green tint to the light, almost aquamarine one. This color is nice for human perception and looks great in the interior.

It can be seen certain patterns of color on cruise ships, but it is not enough to complete the psychological balance of passengers.

Image analysis showed that in yacht interiors are tending to choose such colors: brown -- 23%, beige -- 28%, white -- 43% and gray 15% (Figure 2).

Fig. 2 Color solution of yachts interiors

These colors help to create the most comfortable atmosphere on a yacht. It is known, that brown color is a symbol of confidence, reliability and stability. It is a natural color. Beige color is perceived as timeless classic. This color eliminates aggression, acts relaxing and soothing. Shades of beige color promote the full quality rest and diluted azure of the sea. Beige has a warm, quiet and calm energy. Designer creates an environment for complete relaxation of the customer by choosing a color for the interior of yachts.

White color gives lightness and transparency to the interior. It is the color of freedom and security that brings peace and good for European and tranquility for Japanese. White interior is always stylish, for a variety of colors bright accents can be added. Great importance is given to the white interiors using different materials and textures. Gray color promotes moderation and harmony. The interiors of yachts in this colors look noble and elegant.

Only in the private vessels can be seen interiors development, but the color decision often depends on the wishes of the customer.

Interiors for cargo ships made with reference to save space (Figure 3).

Fig. 3 Color interior solutions for cargo ships

The berths are basically divided into double and quadruple. Color palette is different on board. It all depends on the owner, allocates funds and individual perception, and the choice of captain. On the cargo ship in berths do not think about the comfort of the workers, the main speaker aspect is a saving budget. This reduces the efficiency of the crew.

Priority colors in using at this moment are showed at the images. They are white - 34% and beige - 46%.

Analysis of various types of sea vessels showed that the most used colors in the interior are beige -- 36%, brown-- 19% and white - 25%.

On cruise ships the most used is a beige-brown gamma -- 64%, in a yachts it is beige - 28%, brown -- 23% and white -- 43%. In cargo ships the most used colors are beige -- 46% and white - 25%.

Conclusions

Depending on the purpose of ships and facilities thereon selected color in the interiors will be different. It was identified the most commonly used color in all types of vessels: beige, white. On a cruise ship priority is given to beige-brown gamma -- 64%. The main color in the interiors on yachts is white -- 43%. It is not given much attention to color in the interiors on cargo ships, but the shades of beige are used most often.

Research Perspectives. The using of color can improve emotional state of a person on board. Similarly, with its help can be achieved the desired effect: if it is a work boat, then the level of efficiency can be increased. On a cruise ships the psychological burden can be reduced. On private ships it helps to combine customer wishes with colors that give psychological relief.

Perspectives of color solution research in the interior of the sea vessel should be linked to advice on choosing colors.

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