Інституціональні чинники формування інноваційної економіки

Анотація

Москаленко О.М. Інституціональні чинники формування інноваційної економіки - Рукопис.

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.01 - Економічна теорія та історія економічної думки. ДВНЗ «Київський національний економічний університет імені Вадима Гетьмана», Київ, 2009.

Здійснено дослідження умов та інституціональних чинників формування інноваційної економіки з використанням методології шкіл економічної теорії інституціонально-еволюційного напряму. Обґрунтовано використання цілісного підходу до аналізу інноваційної економіки як сукупності підсистем економіки та суспільства, а саме: факторної, інституціональної, відтворювальної, суб'єктної, науки та освіти, законодавчої, культурної. Розкрито основні напрями ефективної інноваційної політики розвинених країн та способи її впровадження в національні специфічні умови.

Доведено необхідність переходу України до інноваційного розвитку як форми функціонування економіки постіндустріального типу. Надано рекомендації щодо формування інноваційної економіки як економічної системи із зрілою інституціональною структурою та новим технологічним базисом. Визначено першорядні завдання інститутів влади на основі постановки стратегічних цілей та ідентифікації ефективних економічних та законодавчих інструментів формування інноваційної економіки України.

Аннотация

Москаленко А.Н. Институциональные факторы формирования инновационной экономики - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук по специальности 08.00.01 - Экономическая теория и история экономической мысли. ГВУЗ «Киевский национальный экономический университет имени Вадима Гетьмана», Киев, 2009.

Осуществлено исследование условий и институциональных факторов формирования инновационной экономики, путем использования методологии школ экономической теории институционально-эволюционного направления. Обосновано использование целостного подхода к анализу инновационной экономики как совокупности подсистем экономики и общества, а именно факторной, институциональной, воспроизводственной, субъектной, науки и образования, законодательной, культурной. Раскрыты основные направления эффективной инновационной политики развитых стран и способы ее внедрения в национальные специфические условия.

Обоснована необходимость перехода Украины к инновационному развитию как форме функционирования экономики постиндустриального типа. Предоставлены рекомендации по формированию инновационной экономики как экономической системы со зрелой институциональной структурой и новым технологическим базисом. Определены первоочередные задачи институтов власти на основе постановки стратегических целей и идентификации эффективных экономических и законодательных инструментов формирования инновационной экономики Украины.

Annotation

O.M. Moskalenko. Institutional factors of forming of innovative economy. - Manuscript.

The dissertation on obtaining of scientific degree of candidate of economic sciences on speciality 08.00.01 - the Economic theory and history of economic thought. SHEE «Vadym Hetman Kyiv National Economic University», Kyiv, 2009.

The research of terms and institutional factors of forming of innovative economy is carried out with the use of methodology of economic theories of institutional-evolutional direction. The using of integral approach to the analysis of innovative economy as aggregate of subsystems of economy and society is substantiated, namely factor, institutional, reproductive, subject, science and education, legislative, cultural ones. The mechanism of functioning of basic socio-economic, institutional and cultural factors of forming of innovative economy is explored through the prism of institutes of innovative development, namely regulative, motivational and informative systems. The regulative system is represented by economic power and innovative economic policy. The motivational system is formed by social institutes, actually by civil society and mature social capital and middle class as by the institutes of civil society that formed principles and reasons to innovative activity and partner relations between the state and subjects (state-private partnership, social partnership, and social responsibility of business). The informative system provides functionality of institute of education and science, which supplies the market with innovative ideas and staff. It is marked, that all subsystems of economy and society are favorable in forming of human and intellectual capital, which is the basic institute of innovative economy and innovative society. Therefore one of basic tasks of the functional systems of economy and society is the refusal of stagnant investments in a human capital for providing of its effective reproduction and accumulation on a high-quality new basis. It will allow providing the monetary intellectual constituent of innovative development of the state.

Basic directions of effective innovative policy of the developed countries and directions of its development are selected in national specific terms. The using of international experience in constructing of innovative economy and in producing effective innovative policy is substantiated. It is proved, that an innovative economy becomes the model of global adaptation of national economies to the calls of economic globalization. Simultaneously with favorable internal and external terms and factors of social-economic, institutional and cultural-ideological character such factors as the degree of maturity of institutional structures, completion of processes of system transformation of society and strengthening of socialization of national economies, integration processes in social-economic, financial and cultural spheres influence innovative development of the economic systems of countries. An innovative policy, which is based on the experience of the developed countries, ought to be grounded on combination of the system of motivations and stimuli, on supporting of intercommunication of science, education and business at mediation of the state through the partner relations.

The necessity of transition of Ukraine to innovative development as a form of functioning of economy of postindustrial type in a posttransition period is argued. Recommendations are given in relation to overcoming of dysfunction of institutes of innovative initiative, selection of national innovative priorities and forming of conception of the national innovative system through becoming the effective institutional structure of economy. Nevertheless the institutional structure of Ukraine contains macrodisfunction that is it does not provide effective work of socio-economic institutes. The process of creation of institutes of innovative initiative is not monetary provided, that can't structurally affect their functioning. As a result new institutes do not function. Ukraine must inculcate the model of effective institutional expansion at institutional modifications with the monetary providing with floating efficiency.

Floating efficiency of institutes, for example science institute, is to be provided by the use of means of the special reserves or international credit resources in times of the forced narrowing of monetary range. The use of mechanism of the systems of reserve funds or anti-crisis crediting of institutes in part of cost volume is to be equivalent to the limit of uninflationary increase of money supply.

While forming the innovative economy an expansion monetary policy is to be used, that is able to provide financing of institutes of innovative initiative within the limits of normative monetary range.

Under a «normative monetary range» the author understands the normal middle volume of the monetary providing of institute in the given society that generates the functional return of institute and doesn't admit its dysfunction, and creates stimuli and reasons to innovative activity.

The idea of dualistic economy is fixed in the basis of research for argumentation of stage-by-stage transition to the model of innovative development, namely forming of innovative sector of national economy and forming of innovative economy of the country through integration of innovative sectors, with acquisition of a new integrative quality of the national innovative system.

Thus, a separate innovative sector, that is system-forming, will favor in forming of innovative economy at national level through diffusion of the produced principles and experience of innovative activity in other spheres of national production, scientific and educational spheres and others like those.

Suggestions are given in relation to the main tasks of institutes of power on the basis of raising of strategic aims and selection of effective economic and legislative instruments of forming of innovative economy of Ukraine as aggregate of institutional forms of development, namely regulatory, motivational and informative systems. In legal institutional direction in Ukraine it is necessary to create a legislative base which can provide the legal field of functioning of institutes of innovative development, forming of mature institutional environment, intercommunication of regulatory and subject subsystems of economy, efficiency of motivational and informative functional systems.

The legislation is to regulate the constitutional function of economic power in relation to providing of the competitiveness of Ukrainian economy in the difficult terms of global innovative call.

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