Green jobs and educatıon: analytıcs and paradoxes

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

State University of Trade and Economics

Green jobs and educatэon: analytэcs and paradoxes

Bэelэaэeva Nataliia, PhD (in Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Management

Bay Serhiy, Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Head of the Department of Management

19, Kyoto St., Kyiv

Introduction. Implementation of the of green economy model involves creating conditions for business development based on a new environmental standards and technologies, state support for socially and environmentally responsible enterprises, increasing the role of the state and intergovernmental bodies in economic and environmental culture, environmental initiatives and resources, resource conservation programs. Identification and environmental vacancies that diversify energy sources, sustainable development, energy supply, address the environmental and health issues, help leaders and policymakers identify and provide executive decisions and identify multifaceted priorities for environmental management.

Problem. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to determine the priority areas for innovative development of public policy, based on the priority of implementing international and European economic standards as at present, the institutional principles for green growth in Ukraine have not yet been finalized.

The aim of the article is to investigate the main issues about green jobs in education as well as green economy and find paradoxes of its implementation.

Methods. The information basis for the study is the latest work of scientists in a particular field. System analysis, synthesis, analysis have been used.

Results. It is determined that green jobs means presenting jobs aimed directly at protecting the environment or which connected with minimization of humans' impact on the planet existence. It is presented green jobs in different fields of activity with the formulation of their peculiarities. It is determined new professions related to the development of the green economy. It is investigated the concept of a green workplace, new skills that are important for green jobs and education. New requirements (skills) for new professions are also studied.

Conclusions. All developed countries are working in the direction of planet saving, as well as the green economy. Green projects could receive much more funding if investors had more reliable information about the projects and their participants. Potential investors are deterred by the lack or fragmentation of information on how the proposed projects will affect (or may affect) the state of the environment, if this may affect such an income.

Keywords: green economy, green jobs, environmental vacancies, education, protecting the environment, green workplаce, planet saving, sustainable development

БЄЛЯЄВА Наталія, к. е. н., доцент, доцент кафедри, менеджменту

Державного торговельно-економічного університету

вул. Кіото, 19, м. Київ

БАЙ Сергій, д. е. н., професор, завідувач кафедри, менеджменту

Державного торговельно-економічного університету

вул. Кіото, 19, м. Київ

ЗЕЛЕНІ РОБОЧІ МІСЦЯ ТА ОСВІТА: АНАЛІТИКА ТА ПАРАДОКСИ

Вступ. Впровадження моделі зеленої економіки передбачає створення умов для розвитку бізнесу на основі нових екологічних стандартів і технологій, державну підтримку соціально та екологічно відповідальних підприємств, підвищення ролі держави та міждержавних органів в економічній та екологічній культурі, екологічних ініціативах і ресурсах, програм ресурсо-збереження. Ідентифікація та екологічні вакансії, які диверсифікують джерела енергії, сталий розвиток, енергопостачання, розв'язують проблеми довкілля та охорони здоров'я, допомагають лідерам і політикам визначати та надавати виконавчі рішення та визначати багатоаспектні пріоритети екологічного менеджменту.

Проблема. Для реалізації зазначеної мети необхідно визначити пріоритетні напрями інноваційного розвитку державної політики, виходячи з пріоритетності впровадження міжнародних та європейських економічних стандартів, оскільки на цей момент інституційні засади зеленого зростання в Україні ще не остаточно сформульовані.

Метою статті є дослідження зелених робочих місць в освіті, а також зеленої економіки та знайти парадокси їх впровадження.

Методи. Інформаційною основою дослідження є новітні роботи вчених у певній галузі. Використано системний аналіз, синтез, аналіз.

Результати. Визначено, що зелені робочі місця предстaвляють сoбoю робочі місця, спрямовані безпосередньо на зaxиcт дoвкiлля aбo пов'язані з мінімізацією впливу людей на існування планети. Представлені зелені вакансії в різних сфeрax діяльності з формулюванням їх особливостей. Визначено нові професії, пов'язані з розвитком зеленої економіки. Досліджено концепцію зеленого робочого місця, нових навичок, які важливі для зелених робочих місць та освіти. Також досліджено нові вимоги (навички) до нових професій.

Висновки. Розвинені країни працюють у напрямі збереження планети, а також зеленої економіки. Зелені проєкти могли б отримувати набагато більше фінансування, якби інвестори мали достовірнішу інформацію про проєкти та їхніх учасників. Потенційних інвесторів стримує відсутність або фрагментація інформації про те, як запропоновані проєкти вплинуть (або можуть вплинути) на стан довкілля, якщо це може вплинути на такий результат.

Ключові слова: зелена економіка, зелені робочі місця, екологічні вакансії, освіта, захист навколишнього середовища, зелене робоче місце, збереження планети, сталий розвиток

Introduction

Green e^^my k опє of the key tаrgets of the 2030 Аgendа for SustаinаЫe Devefopment. The Europeаn Unfon (EU) hаs mw аnnounced the Europeаn Green Deаl. Europe hаs аlreаdy hnked hs future whh green ^bs а^ tech^fogy. Оpportunities to creаte mьlfons of green ^bs аго аn аnswer а^ а result of trans^ton to а decаrbonised e^^my, whkh k environmentаИy friendly, - алгї the ch-culm^- e^^my, whkh m^lves reusmg, repаiring ог recychng, sustаinаble mаnufаcturing rnnd consumption. However, February 2022, as the beginning of Russia's military offensive against Ukraine, radically changed the rules of doing business. The main goal is to stimulate business to work in wartime in Ukraine and to provide jobs for immigrants from Ukraine in other countries. It is observed transferring production to a territory where there is no war. In such circumstances, in particular, when creating new jobs, it is necessary to take into account the capabilities of the host economy, and the potential for «greening» new working places (jobs).

Especially in the face of a staggering burden on the nearest world's stable economies due to the reception of migrants from Ukraine, the social component of a green economy is stable employment trends. Today, there is a growing trend in employment in areas related to the protection of biological diversity of resources, environmental protection, restoration of natural resources, as well as the provision of environmental services.

Problem. In Ukraine, information about the size of the green business is not clear and is very difficult to calculate. At the same time, for the successful functioning of «green» business in Ukraine, its state stimulation is needed, and not vice versa, when environmentally harmful industries such as coal mining and metallurgy are subsidized from the state budget. Businesses need cheap loans and tax breaks to start a green business. In addition, it is important to increase the environmental tax, create an appropriate regulatory framework and standards, make transparent the system of energy pricing and tariffs. These proposals will encourage companies to use green technologies in their activities, which will, inter alia, increase the competitiveness of domestic goods on the world market.

At present, the institutional principles of green growth in Ukraine have not been finalized, so it is crucial to determine the priority areas of innovative development of public policy, based on the priority of implementing international and European economics standards.

Analysis of recent research. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the International Labor Organization, the International Organization of Employers and the International Trade Union Confederation are jointly implementing the Green Jobs Campaign [3]. The campaign supports the concerted efforts of governments, employers and trade unions to develop and implement in a climate-dependent world, environmentally sustainable and coherent policies and effective programs to create environmentally friendly jobs and promote decent work for all. Green jоbs ако be^me pоpulаr due to principles оf the green re^very ^t N the pаrt оf the mаіn pоlіtіcаl projects іп the Eurоpeаn Unton. The Eurоpeаn Unton (EU) hаs mw аnnоunced the Eurоpeаn Green Deаl [4]. Europe hаs аlreаdy linked its future with green jоbs 8nd technоlоgy. Twice аs mаny peоple wоrk in this агоа аs in the аutоmоtive industry. todeed, it is ^nks to this аpprоаch ^t the ^nsumptton оf electricity, wаter, raw mаteriаls is reduced, the emisston оf greentause gаses 8nd productton wаste is reduced, the e^system 8nd biоdiversity аre preserved [5].

The scope of the study is to investigate the main issues about green jobs as well as green economy and find paradoxes of its implementation.

Methods. The information basis for the study is the latest work of scientists in a particular field. System analysis has been used to understand what is green economy and green jobs are, how globalization changes influenced economy development. Using synthesis, a number of conclusions were made to create a clear concept of green jobs formation. Using the analysis, a logical sequence of factors and their interrelationships was established within the entire green economy model under nowadays circumstances. Identified elements indicate the directions of changes that need to be implemented while green economy model implementation.

Results of the research

Talking about green jьbs means presenting jьbs aimed directly at protecting the environment or which connected with minimization of humans' impact on the planet existence (Figure 1). Green jobs connected with any jobs that have a direct and positive impact on the planet, that influence on formation of a low carbon economy of the future, as they strive for unemployment level reducing and prevention of the environment degradation. The economy should urgently be redesigned so that resources aren't wasted.

Figure 1. Green is the link between the environmental movement and sustainability

Source: created by the author on the base of [3; 5].

According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) green jobs: limits greenhouse gas emissions; protects and restores ecosystems; improves energy and raw materials efficiency; minimizes waste and pollution; contributes to adaptation to climate change. Green jobs are also connected with ecological employment that is a new type of employment associated with the elimination of accumulated damage, disturbed land, processing of solid waste, the introduction of environmental innovations, etc. So benefits impress.

Source: created by the author on the base of [3; 5].

Green jobs cover a wide range of professional activities, crafts and specialties (Figure 2). green job profession

Some of them represent completely new types of work, but most are traditional professions, although with small changes in the essence of the content and attitude to the work itself. Creation of a green jobs in different fields of activity requires different peculiarities (Table 1).

Table 1 Peculiarities of green jobs creation in a different fields of activity