Directions of improvement of the field structure of industry in the Aran economic geographical region

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Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Baku, Azerbaijan

Directions of improvement of the field structure of industry in the Aran economic geographical region

Taghiyeva Vafa

Abstract

Aim: The main goal of studying the field structure of the industry in the Aran economic geographical region is to study the level of complexity of the manufacturing and processing industries, the industry, its specialized areas, the relative share of labour, science and energy, the level of development of production areas.

Method: to analyze the salinized soils in the Aran economic geographical region, to collect statistical data on the volume of production of industrial products.

Conclusion: In the article titled “Directions of improvement of the field structure of industry in the Aran economic-geographical region”, the author gave detailed information about the natural conditions, natural resources, economic areas - industrial, agricultural areas and the obstacles in the development of all these above-mentioned areas of the Aran economic-geographical region. Detailed information was provided about the region under study, its natural conditions and rich minerals. It was pointed out that the region is directly an oil region, and at the same time, there are valuable natural resources such as gas, sand, gravel, iodine-bromine.

In addition to all this, information based on research materials about the agriculture of the Aran economic- geographical region, its separate fields, as well as the agro-industrial complex, are mentioned. There were conducted detailed researches on cotton-growing, vegetable-growing, grain-growing, partial viticulture and intensive cattlebreeding systems, activity of light and food industry enterprises in the area due to grown agricultural products in the economic region. However, it was emphasized that there are problems such as establishment of economic fields operating in the economic-geographical region at a level that can meet modern standards, regulation of their production capacity in accordance with the requirements of market economy, re-restoration of production enterprises that have stopped their activity and creating conditions for their normal activity.

Scientific novelty: In order to develop the agro-industrial complex in Aran economic and geographical region, land reclamation should be carried out and new production facilities meeting modern standards should be applied in the industry.

Keywords: farm, industry, economy, natural condition, oil, gas, sand, gravel, agriculture, production, social economic.

Introduction

economy geographical region

It was provided with detailed information about directions of improvement of industry structure in Aran economic-geographical region, natural conditions of Aran economic-geographical region, natural resources, farm fields, industry, agriculture and all the obstacles in development of above mentioned areas. It revealed the special issues about the importance of the industry's area structure in the Aran economic-geographical region in the formation and development of the region's economy, improvement of the socio-economic situation of the population, regulation of living standards and geographical division of labor. [1]

Sufficient hydrocarbon resources, hydropower resources, consumer base, favorable economic and geographical position of the Aran economic region, which makes up 21% of the territory of the Republic and 25% of the population, are the factors increasing the development of the region.

Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the following sectors of the economy on Aran economic region can be considered as priority:

Agriculture-breeding breed;

technical crop production (cotton-growing, viticulture, sugar beet);

grain growing (grain farming);

intensive gardening and nursery, vegetable growing (including under greenhouse conditions) and horticulture;

industrial poultry;

beekeeping (including industrial processing and packaging of honey);

Food industry - processing areas based on agricultural raw materials (meat, milk, cotton);

processing of grapes (including winemaking);

fruit and vegetable processing;

production of bread, flour and flour products;

production of confectionery;

production of soft drinks.

Light industry

weaving; - sewing.

Production of construction materials - areas based on extraction of mineral construction raw materials (sand, gravel);

production of masonry materials (cement);

production of concrete and reinforced concrete constructions;

production of other building materials.

Chemical industry

Machine industry

Woodworking and furniture production

Other areas (logistics centre, granary), etc. Considering the rich agricultural and food industry potential of Aran economic region, it is more expedient to give preference to the development of these areas.

The basis of the economy of the Aran economic-geographical region is industry. The sectoral and territorial structure of the industry differs sharply from each other. When we say the industry's field structure in the district, we mean directly the quantitative ratio of individual industries and mutual relations between them.

Depending on the type of economic activity, industrial areas are divided into 4 places:

Mining industry

Processing industry

Electric power

Manufacturing industry

Figure 1. Industrial fields in the Aran economic-geographic region

Industrial areas in Aran economic-geographical region

Method: To collect statistical data on the direction of improvement of the industry's field structure in the Aran economic-geographical region.

Discussion

The main goal of studying the field structure of industry in the Aran economic geographical region is to study the areas of extractive, processing and specialized industries, the relative shares of the fields of labor, science and energy, the level of development of production areas. It was brought to the attention that the district is directly the oil region, as well as the valuable natural resources such as gas, sand, gravel, iodine-bromine have a positive impact on the region and the country's economy. [1]

In addition to all this, information based on research materials about the agriculture of the Aran economic-geographical region and its separate fields, as well as the agro-industrial complex, have been mentioned. There were conducted detailed researches on cotton-growing, vegetable-growing, graingrowing, partial viticulture and intensive cattle-breeding systems, activity of light and food industry enterprises in the area due to grown agricultural products in the economic region. However, it was emphasized that there are problems such as establishment of economic fields operating in the economic-geographical region at a level that can meet modern standards, regulation of their production capacity in accordance with the requirements of market economy, re-restoration of production enterprises that have stopped their activity and creating conditions for their normal activity.

State support for the development of the region at the same time, the development of a state program on development in this style was brought to the attention as a positive case directed to the solution of the problem. [2]

Depending on the natural conditions in the Aran economic-geographic region, the presence of rich oil and gas resources plays an important role in the economic development of the region. 0.9% of the republic's oil production is produced in the region. In order to increase oil and gas production, foreign investments should be attracted to this field, advanced techniques and technology should be widely applied. The region has various types of building materials such as oil and gas, iodine-bromine waters, limestone, sand, and gravel, and various industry fields have been formed on the basis of these. [4]

In 2020, “the state program for the implementation of socio -economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2019-2023” was developed. In the program, an action plan was prepared, which is important for ensuring social economic development in every economic region.

There are some shortcomings that impede the development of economy in the Aran economic-geographical region. Since the technical equipment in the production and production enterprises in the economic district is outdated, they cannot produce products that meet modern needs. For this reason, most production facilities have stopped operating or are not working at full capacity. Industrial enterprises are in great need of modern technical equipment that meets today's requirements. [3]

Oil and gas production is considered one of the leading and specialized sectors of the economic structure of the region. However, it does not play an important role in the development of the district's socio-economic infrastructure. So, despite the production of gas in the region, most of the population is still not provided with gas. Neftchala iodine-bromine plant has a great perspective. However, due to the fact that the equipment here cannot meet modern standards, this plant cannot operate at full capacity. In order to improve the socio-economic infrastructure in the economic region during a certain period, the enterprises of medium and small industries were privatized and transferred to private property. However, this process was almost done very poorly. At present, the activities of many of these enterprises have been stopped. A lot of funding is required to re-establish their activities. Appropriate state support is needed for production areas to work at full capacity. Although some enterprises have been launched with state support in modern times, there are still many enterprises that have stopped their activity.

Oil and gas production is considered one of the leading and specialized areas of the economic structure of the region. However, despite the production of gas in the region, most of the population is still not supplied with gas. [5]

Aran economic and geographical region is the main agricultural region of the Republic. Adequate fertilizer production and pest control for growing local crops is not satisfactory. The production of these tools is necessary in Neftchala, Goychay, Imishli, Shirvan, etc. zones.

Considering that there are ample opportunities for the development of poultry in the region, the establishment and development of poultry farms in such administrative regions as Zardab, Imishli, Bilasuvar, Saatli, Sabirabad, Kurdamir, Hajigabul, Neftchala, Salyan, Zardab, Barda occupy one of the main places in the state program.

Cotton growing, vegetable growing, grain growing, partial viticulture and intensive cattle breeding systems have been formed in the economic region. Thanks to the cultivated agricultural products, light and food industry enterprises in the area operate. Meat, oil, milk, fruit and vegetables, cotton, grapes and other products are processed in these production facilities. Here, in order to improve agriculture, including farming, it is planned to restore degraded lands, wash saline lands and bring them into a usable condition, expand the area of arable land, and establish a mechanism for their irrigation systems.

One of the main issues is the reconstruction and restoration of canals and reservoirs in the Aran economic and geographical region in order to improve water transmission. Reconstruction of the Mil-Mughan and Mil Karabakh collectors, restoration of the Yukhari Karabakh, Mil-Mughan canals, and improvement of the working mechanism of the Bahramtepe water junction are planned. Meloration measures should be carried out on 1500 ha in Kurdamir district, 1000 ha in Sabirabad and Imishli districts, and 1500 ha in Yevlakh district. An action plan should be prepared to reduce the level of groundwater in an area of 5,000 hectares in Barda. [5]

However, there are problems such as the establishment of economic fields operating in the economic-geographical region at a level that can meet modern standards, regulation of their production capacity in accordance with the requirements of the market economy, re-restoration of the production enterprises, and creation of conditions for their normal activity.

One of the leading economic areas of the economic-geographical region is food and light industry. At the same time, the state program on the development of these areas in all regions of the region has given a wide place in the production of high-demand consumer products. Development of weaving and sewing enterprises in Shirvan, Agdash, Goychay, Beylagan administrative districts, establishment and development of wool spinning and weaving enterprises in Yevlakh district are considered to be priority issues ahead. Agdash, Goychay, Saatli, Sabirabad, Imishli, Beylagan, Kurdamir and Ujar districts are specialized in the food industry in the economic geographical region. It is planned to restore and expand the activity of canning plants processing fruits and vegetables in these regions. The restoration and expansion of the winery operating in Goychay is considered one of the main issues to be resolved. The fishbreeding plant in the Khilli settlement will operate at the level of modern standards. Along with all this, it is planned to build and develop new fish-breeding plants in Agjabadi, Khilli and Neftchala.

Another industrial area of Aran economic geographical region is the construction industry. There have been industrial enterprises producing building materials here, but recently there have been some decline in this area. It is planned to improve the production of concrete clay products in Sabirabad and Salyan. Expansion of production of sand, clay, gravel and limestone materials in Barda, Imishli, Agjabedi, Zardab, Mingachevir, Ujar, Neftchala, Agdash and other regions is considered one of the plans for the discovery and commissioning of new deposits. It is intended to develop the construction sector by referring to the use of local raw materials here.

The production of fruits and vegetables, grapes, tobacco and cotton from technical plants has decreased compared to previous years. As a result, the activity of light and food enterprises was reduced or completely stopped. This created a shortage of products in the local economic market and reduced the employment activity of the population. The machine-building plant in the region is located only in Neftchala region, which cannot operate at full capacity due to poor metal processing. The metal processing plant is located in Salyan, which is not operating at the moment. According to the planning, the products produced in any economic region must first of all meet domestic demand. Aran region is bordered by the Caspian Sea on one side. There is plenty of solar energy and wide sandy beaches, which is very important for creating a strong tourist zone. But to this day, these territories remain unused. The ways to solve longstanding socio-economic and demographic problems directly depend on the development and soon implementation of a substantial action plan by the state. [2]

First of all, the program envisages solving problems in the field of electric power. For this, first of all, it is necessary to ensure the construction of substations in the regions, the increase of power and reconstruction of Azerbaijan SRPP and Varvara HPPs.

It is time to carry out reconstruction works in the social sphere in the region. Water and heat supply, construction of new school buildings, construction of new kindergartens where hospitals meet modern standards, construction and commissioning of apartments for families with the sick and disabled are considered priority issues. Apartments have not been built at the expense of the state for nearly 20 years.

Recently, as a result of the mixing of the Caspian Sea waters into the water of the Kura River, the population of Neftchala and other surrounding regions, as well as their farm areas, have been very poor in terms of fresh water. By carrying out substantial work in this direction, serious steps should be taken to meet the needs of the population for drinking water and improve the water supply of agriculture. To do this, it is necessary to prevent sludge in the lower reaches of the Kura, to expand the area of the Kura, to regulate water consumption.

Repair and reconstruction of highways in the region is one of the most important issues. Repair and reconstruction of both intra-regional and highway highways are among the main issues envisaged in the program. Reconstruction of the Gazimammad-Kurdamir, Kurdamir-Ujar road and expansion of the Baku-Astara road are planned. [2]

Conclusion

Despite favorable natural conditions and rich natural resources of the Aran economic- geographical region, the reasons why the industrial enterprises here are not working at full capacity are shown. The fact that the means of production do not meet modern standards, and the need for restructuring of industrial enterprises has been revealed as an issue that needs to be resolved. In all this direction, the region's economy needs direct state support as a priority issue. In this regard, it is time to take steps towards the solution of the adopted state program.

References

1. Economic and social geography of Azerbaijan. Baku University, publishing, 2010. p. 410.

2. Azerbaijan State Statistical Committee. SSCRA.

3. Azerbaijan regions. Baku 2017 SSCRA. p. 806.

4. Azerbaijan agriculture. Baku, 2017 SSCRA p. 608.

5. Economic, social and political geography of the Republic of Azerbaijan. N.A. Pashayev, N.H. Ayyubov, Z.N. Eminov. 2010. p. 416.

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