Innovative security of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration

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State university of trade and economics

Innovative security of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration

I. Vavdiichyk,

PhD in economics, associate professor

Kyiv

Abstract

The article examines the essence of innovative state security, reveals its main components and implementation mechanism. The author has proven that Ukraine's need to restore the economic platform for further prospects of worthy inclusion in the commonwealth of European countries requires the construction of its own model of socio-economic space based on economic security, an important component of which is innovative security. The characteristic conditions that must be taken into account in the process of developing measures to increase the level of innovative safety have been studied. The position of Ukraine in international ratings reflecting the state of innovative activity in Ukraine is outlined. The positions of Ukraine in international rankings testify to the existence of an ineffective mechanism for the introduction of innovations in the sphere of economic activity; insufficient level of state support for innovative projects and their financing; minimal use of opportunities provided by the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU, especially regarding scientific and technological cooperation, development of entrepreneurship and industrial policy. The current state of innovative activity in Ukraine was studied according to such indicators as the costs of carrying out scientific research and development, the introduction of innovations at industrial enterprises, the sources and structure of financing the innovative activity of Ukrainian industrial enterprises. The main threats to Ukraine's innovation security are the low level of innovation in industry, which should play a driving role in the recovery of the economy, insufficient funding for the innovative development of medium-sized and small businesses, and the low level of protection of intellectual property rights. The direct interest of the business environment in updating and expanding the production base on a new technological basis is an organic desire of the state to strengthen and increase its defense capability and high status in the geopolitical space of the European Union. An important condition for this is the significant activation of innovative activity of all participants of economic interaction, real motivation for generating an innovative initiative, development of mechanisms for its implementation. As measures contributing to the strengthening of the innovative security of the state, the following have been singled out: stimulation of the development and implementation of innovations, promotion of modernization, development of international cooperation in the field of innovations. The author used such scientific methods as methods of logical generalization, abstraction and formalization, synthesis and analysis, induction, analogies, etc.

Keywords: innovativesafety, economicgrowthmodel, modernization, competitiveness.

Анотація

І.М. Вавдійчик,

к. е. н., доцент, доцент кафедри економіки та фінансів підприємства

Державний торговельно-економічний університет

Інноваційна безпека України в умовах євроінтеграції

У статті досліджено сутність інноваційної безпеки держави, розкрито її основні складові та механізм реалізації. Автором доведено, що потреба України у відновленні економічної платформи задля подальших перспектив гідного включення у співдружність європейських країн вимагає побудови власної моделі соціально-економічного простору на засадах економічної безпеки, важливою складовою якої є інноваційна безпека. Досліджено характерні умови, які потрібно враховувати, в процесі розробки заходів щодо підвищення рівня інноваційної безпеки. Окреслено позицію України у міжнародних рейтингах, які відображають стан інноваційної діяльності в Україні. Позиції України у міжнародних рейтингах засвідчують наявність неефективного механізму впровадження інновацій у сферу економічної діяльності; недостатній рівень державної підтримки інноваційних проектів та їх фінансування; мінімальне використання можливостей передбачених Угодою про асоціацію між Україною та ЄС, особливо щодо науково - технологічного співробітництва, розвитку підприємництва та промислової політики. Досліджено сучасний стан інноваційної діяльності в Україні за такими індикаторами як витрати на виконання наукових досліджень і розробок, впровадження інновацій на промислових підприємствах, джерела та структура фінансування інноваційної діяльності українських промислових підприємств. Основними загрозами інноваційній безпеці України визначено низький рівень інноваційності промисловості яка має відігравати рушійну роль у відновленні економіки, недостатність фінансування інноваційного розвитку підприємств середнього та малого бізнесу, низький рівень захисту прав інтелектуальної власності. Пряма зацікавленість підприємницького середовища оновлювати, розширяти на новій технологічній основі виробничу базу є органічним прагненням держави зміцнювати і підвищувати обороноздатність та високу статусність у геополітичному просторі Європейського Союзу. Важливою умовою для цього є суттєва активізація інноваційної діяльності всіх учасників економічної взаємодії, реальної мотивації генерування інноваційної ініціативи, розвитку механізмів її реалізації. В якості заходів, що сприяють посиленню інноваційної безпеки держави виокремлено наступні: стимулювання розробки і впровадження інновацій, сприяння модернізації, розвиток міжнародного співробітництва у галузі інновацій. Автором було використано такі наукові методи як методи логічного узагальнення, абстрагування і формалізації, синтезу та аналізу, індукції, аналогій тощо.

Ключові слова: інноваційна безпека, модель економічного зростання, модернізація, конкурентоспроможність.

Main part

The strategic task of achieving the recovery of Ukraine's economy, bringing it to the level of the developed countries of the world, can be achieved only under the conditions of the restoration of innovative security. The formation of an adequate system of motivation and stimulation of innovative activity of business entities requires the consolidated efforts of theoreticians, practitioners, analysts, legislators and the public administration. The direct interest of the business environment in updating and expanding the production base on a new technological basis is an organic desire of the state to strengthen and increase its defense capability and high status in the geopolitical space of the European Union.

Many modern scientists direct their research in the direction of prerequisites for the development of innovative security. In most modern scientific studies of this problem, they are aimed at revealing the essence and main components of innovative safety, tools for assessing its level, means and criteria for diagnosing the condition.

The justification of the theoretical and applied aspects of innovative security of the state, conceptual principles and methods of ensuring innovative security, assessment of its effectiveness taking into account the state of the economy of Ukraine is carried out in a monograph edited by P.M. Koyudy [1].

Yes, in the monograph edited by S.A. Davymuki «Innovative development of enterprises in the field of trade: world trends and practice in Ukraine» considers the main components of investment policy in the field of trade according to the innovative vector [2].

The main aspects of the development of innovative security of the national economy, threats to the innovative security of the national economy and proposals for their elimination are considered in the article. I.O. Akhnovskaya [3].

Yu.V. Krasnoshchokova considers the innovative security of the enterprise as a guarantee of competitiveness in the conditions of European integration, examines the conditions that will allow to increase the possibilities of creating and using innovations. The introduction of innovations, in turn, contributes to the production of competitive products at the level of world standards [4].

Yu.G. Neustroev's article is devoted to the justification of the need for innovative development of the Ukrainian economy in order to increase the level of its economic security, to the study of the connection between innovation and the competitiveness of Ukrainian products. [5].

Maslak O.O. investigates innovative security both at the enterprise level and at the regional level [6]. Innovative security is considered both at the enterprise level and at the regional level and is aimed at using the scientific and technical potential, increasing the opportunities for creating and commercializing innovations, etc.

Although, despite the validity of many studies, the issues of the essence of the innovation process, sources of its financing and directions for improving innovation security have certain characteristics for each country, and are not static, especially in modern conditions in Ukraine.

The purpose of the article is to determine the prerequisites and reserves for the improvement of innovative security, the means of ensuring it based on a state study, the sources of recovery in modern conditions in Ukraine, positioning according to the main indicators of the global evaluation space.

To achieve the goal, general scientific methods were used, including methods of logical generalization, abstraction and formalization, synthesis and analysis, induction, analogies, etc.

Ukraine's need to restore the economic platform for further prospects of worthy inclusion in the commonwealth of European countries, building its own model of socio-economic space, can only be realized if innovative security is observed. An important condition for this is the significant activation of innovative activities of all participants of economic interaction, the real motivation for generating innovative initiatives, and the development of mechanisms for its implementation.

At the current stage of development of economic thought, the most relevant component of economic security is innovative security. Because it is the innovative orientation of the national economy that is the key to the development of a modern state. Innovative security is the most important component of the economic security of the state. At the same time, it is a complex multifactorial category that ensures the ability of the national economy to constantly reproduce and spread new knowledge in order to meet the needs of society in a balanced way at a certain level, which ensures the protection of national interests, resistance to internal and external threats, the ability for sustainable development, leads to improvement socio-economic processes and promotes the development of scientific and research activities [3].

The innovative vector of development determines the dynamics and quality of the progressive movement of the economy of Ukraine, strengthening in turn the potential of economic security. For the economy of Ukraine, ensuring stable rates of economic growth is possible only under the condition of dominance of the innovative model of economic reform.

In particular, L.M. Zabrodska believes that the modern model of economic growth, which is based on an innovative type of development, requires effective stimulation of innovations, a new financial and credit policy, the development of science-intensive industries and the reduction of nature-exploiting industries - at the macro level; changes in the type of entrepreneurial activity, active involvement in the production of small and medium-sized businesses - at the micro level [7].

Even in the pre-war period, Ukraine was characterized by political and economic instability, a weak state policy in the face of internal and external threats, insufficient stimulation of the development of the industrial base.

Achieving the country's economic recovery depends primarily on increasing the technological level of the economy's production potential. This is a long-term and systematic process that requires long-term investment, justification of the state strategy of economic development. The innovative vector of the national economic development strategy is possible only under the condition of state support.

Granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for the EU opens up new opportunities for Ukraine. However, Ukraine must become a full member of the EU and meet the established requirements.

The high innovation potential of the EU is one of the most powerful and motivating factors for Ukraine's European integration choice. This confirms the success of the Baltic countries: in particular, Estonia, in terms of the level of innovative development, has already reached the average indicators of the Netherlands, Austria and exceeded the indicators of Denmark and France [8, 136 p.]

Important indicators of the state of innovative security are the position of Ukraine in the relevant international ratings.

Assessment of the level of development of innovative sectors of the economy of different countries is provided by the Global Innovation Index.

Table 1. Ukraine's position in international rankings in 2017-2020