Unified system of customs transit in international transport corridors

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Unified system of customs transit in international transport corridors

Gutt Ilya A., 4th year student of customs specialty, The faculty of business, customs and economic security, SPbSUE

Abstract: The article discusses the development of the Russian Federation's foreign economic andforeign policy strategy, in particular, emphasizing the priority of multilateral economic cooperation within the framework of the BRICS association. Further, the article considers the potential of the North-South international transport corridor as an alternative route and discusses the investment projects of the Eurasian Development Bank implemented within the framework of this corridor. The article also considers the issues of customs transit and its impact on the timing of customs operations at border crossings

Key words: International transport corridors, customs transit, unified system of customs transit, North-South transport corridor, unified information space.

Гутт И.А.

Студент 4 курса специальности «Таможенное дело» Факультета бизнеса, таможенного дела и экономической безопасности, СПбГЭУ Санкт-Петербург, Россия

ЕДИНАЯ СИСТЕМА ТАМОЖЕННОГО ТРАНЗИТА В МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ КОРИДОРАХ

Аннотация

В статье рассматривается развитие внешнеэкономической и внешнеполитической стратегии Российской Федерации, в частности, акцентируется внимание на приоритетности многостороннего экономического сотрудничества в рамках объединения

Ключевые слова:Международныетранспортныекоридоры, таможенный транзит,единая систематаможенного транзита, транспортный коридор ”Север-Юг”, единое информационное пространство.

Introduction

At present, the Russian Federation is developing various ways of foreign economic and foreign policy development, and a number of imposed sanctions have made it possible to define new vectors for the development of foreign trade relations with a number of friendly countries.

Thus, the Ministry of Economic Development considers multilateral economic cooperation, including within the framework of BRICS, an interstate association of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, as a priority area of Russia's foreign economic activity. This direction of trade relations is particularly relevant, as according to recent information, the leaders of 23 countries have officially expressed interest in joining BRICS. Among these countries are Algeria, Argentina, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Egypt, Ethiopia, Honduras, Indonesia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Morocco, Nigeria, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Thailand, UAE, Venezuela and Vietnam.

All of these areas are building new logistics supply chains, developing infrastructure and entering into new agreements.

Main part

According to the statistics on Russia's trade turnover with friendly countries, the physical volume of Trade turnover growth with China is more than 190 billion dollars, foreign trade turnover with India increased three times - from 13 to 39 billion. UAE rose 68 percent to 9 billion, Turkey more than doubled from 33 billion to 70 billion, Egypt by a third to 6 billion, and Iran by 15 percent to 4.6 billion dollars. Foreign economic ties are being restructured to strengthen cooperation with friendly states, including India, Iran, Pakistan, Qatar, UAE and others.

Iran is becoming an increasingly important partner, and the prospects for the development of transit through Iran, which have been discussed over the past 15 years, are now beginning to be realized through a bilateral treaty between the states. international transport corridor custom transit

The main cargo traffic from India transits through Iran via the North-South international transport corridor.

The issue of strengthening the North-South ITC, a 7.2 thousand kilometer multimodal route from St. Petersburg to the port of Mumbai (India), is also logically on the agenda. The corridor is an alternative to the sea route connecting Europe, the countries of the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean through the Suez Canal. In the Caspian Sea area, the corridor diverges into several lines: the Trans-Caspian (sea) and the overland Western (through Azerbaijan) and Eastern (through Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan).

The Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) is allocating 102 investment projects along the North-South corridor with a total value of more than $38.2 billion. Most of them (52) are based in Russia and concern highways.

The North-South ITC can become a competitive transit highway that can influence the entire world logistics, however, so far the capacity of this corridor, even on its most developed routes, is not ready for a significant increase in transportation volumes. Nevertheless, its demand is increasing. This means delivery of a large range of cargoes: raw materials, textiles. household appliances and equipment.

The North-South ITC is undoubtedly a promising component of the Eurasian transport framework, which includes several corridors running through the entire customs territory of the EAEU, but it should be noted that there are still some aspects that require investment and modernization to fully realize the potential.

When talking about the movement of goods across the territories of several countries or unions, one cannot fail to mention customs transit, which allows goods to transit through the territory of a country that is not the country of destination without paying customs duties. Nevertheless, the conditions for placing goods under customs transit may vary from country to country. This may increase the time required to complete customs operations when crossing a customs border, which is important when goods cross several customs borders en route.

One of the promising directions for the development of international transport corridors, in particular the North-South ITC, could be the creation of a Unified Customs Transit System.

The Unified Customs Transit System can become one of the key tools for the development of an international transport corridor, as it will reduce the time of customs and logistics operations and secure the entire delivery process through a unified approach to control, a common information space, and requirements for shipping documents. In the future, the Unified Customs Transit System should be a set of elements, which we will consider in more detail below.

One of the fundamental elements of the creation of the Unified Customs Transit System should be the formation of a unified legal framework based on legal norms in accordance with international treaties and agreements. This will make it possible to create a unified approach to control, requirements for shipping documents, etc.

A unified customs transit system requires the unification of documentation related to the movement of goods. This includes the unification of transport documents, declarations and other necessary documents that confirm the legality of movement and security of goods.

Customs authorities are the body that controls compliance with acts and laws in the area of customs regulation. Interaction of customs authorities of the countries through which the international transport corridor passes will also allow to unify the approach to both documentary and actual control of goods in transit along the transport corridor.

Implementation of the Unified Customs Transit System requires the introduction and use of modern information technologies. For example, the creation of a single information space for interaction between customs services of different countries and authorized participants in foreign economic activity will contribute to reducing the time required for customs operations, including the possibility of checking shipping documents and making the necessary marks electronically. In addition, it will simplify the exchange of information between customs authorities of different countries and increase the efficiency of cargo control. It is also important to ensure the compatibility and interaction of automated systems from different countries to ensure the effective functioning of the unified customs transit system.

Conclusion

Thus, the proposal put forward, in our opinion, will reduce the time of movement of goods along international transport corridors, thus favorably facilitating foreign trade with friendly states, but at the same time while maintaining a proper level of national security.

Reference:

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2. Official site of the portal "RT.com". Foreign Economic Activity News. [Electronic resource]/ URL: https://russian.rt.com/world/article/1191266-sammit- briks-yuar. 3.

3. The official site of the logistics operator JSC "RZD Logistics". Internationaltransit.[Electronicresource]/URL:https://rzdlog.ru/services/main/international_transit/

4. Official site of the publication "Rossiyskaya gazeta". Economy. [Electronic resource]/ URL: https://rg.ru/2023/04/17/pojdem-putem-drugim.html.

6. Federal Customs Service. Development programs. [Electronic resource]/ URL: https://customs.gov.ru/activity/programmy-razvitiya

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