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Анотація

Annotation

Mykhaiylo Grushewskyi and agricultural policy of the central rada in modern Ukrainian historography. V. Gotsuliak

To investigate the problem: M. Hrushevskyi and the agrarian policy of the Central Rada by modern Ukrainian scholars.

To analyze the main trends and peculiarities of the above mentioned problem study.

The author will pay attention to the following provisions contained in the works of the researchers. In the opinion of some of them, Hrushevskyi as a politician, being captured by the concept of autonomy, evolved and freed from it and started to defend Ukraine's independence. As a politician and historian, he described the peasants' question from the point of view of the agrarian problem decision, and differed little in his estimations from any representative of the ruling elite when reacted to the revolutionary actions of the peasantry.

The analysis of the works of modern scholars who have studied the question proves that in the social-political, economic, and legal context they investigated such aspects as the content and features of a number of laws and bills, the range of state structures involved in the development of land programs, the mechanism of implementation the main concepts of agrarian reform, the role and place in resolving the land affairs of political parties and public organizations, the mutual influence between the Ukrainian and Russian agrarian programs of various political forces, the landmarks of the peasantry in the land, the peasant movement of that time.

From this point of view, the scientific analysis of the process of legislative support for the distribution and redistribution of land in Ukrainian national state formations of 1917-1921 allows to confirm general and to formulate concrete conclusions.

First of all, the urgent need to resolve the land problem in all Ukrainian national state formations of the revolutionary era has become a catalyst for the activation of the legal policy of Ukrainian governments and the establishment of a national land law.

The Ukrainian governments didn't succeed in solving the agrarian question. It was caused not only by the frequent changes in political regimes, but also by the discreteness of the reforms they undertook.

Thus, the Ukrainian Central Rada (UCR) had declared the abolition of private land ownership, but did not implement the land reform in life. When peasants began to exercise their right to land, the UCR issued a decree on its prohibition. This caused a negative reaction of peasantry and reoriented its significant part to the Bilshovyk slogans of "socialization " of the land, which, in fact, repeated the provisions of the land legislation of the Central Rada.

For the first time the analysis of the works of contemporary Ukrainian scholars dedicated to M. Hrushevskyi and the agrarian policy of the Central Rada in the context of the historiography was carried out.

Modern Ukrainian scholars have carried out a kind of "historiographical breakthrough " in the investigation of the most controversial plots of revolutionary events of 1917- 1921.They also continue to conduct a constructive dialogue on the most acute and controversial issues, thus approaching to the solution of a complex scientific problem.

The research of the leading contemporary Ukrainian scientists also identified a set of unresolved issues. Namely, the scientific works do not adequately cover the direct link between the proclamation and functioning of the Government of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) and the content of the land reforms carried out with the consequences of the First World War. They identify promising trends of agrarian history research of the era o the Central Rada of the UPR.

Key words: M. Hrushevsky, Central Council, UNR, agrarian policy, agrarian reform, land relations, land ownership, modern historiography.

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