Polish horse-riding school
The processes determining the development of the concept of the Polish horse riding school. The development of the principles of the Polish horse riding school. Revolution in the current horse riding training system at the threshold of the 20th century.
| Рубрика | История и исторические личности |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 30.10.2020 |
| Размер файла | 290,8 K |
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Since dealing with horses is the art, it is not advisable to hold on to one «school» slavishly. In sports career, but also in breeding, you can encounter a horse when it is not suitable for it. Therefore, well- understood openness and the ability to follow new, unpaved trails are recommended here. It is especially useful when already known solutions do not yield the desired effect. In recent times, the Italian Captain Federico Caprilli first noticed this, thus repaying great favors to the equestrian sport. Captain of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment Jaroslaw Suchorski, like Caprilli, stated that: «Each horse during training and performance (contests - author's complement) should be treated individually. Every training should develop and strengthen the horse». It is no coincidence that Polish horse-riding in the interwar period has triumphed at many hippodromes in Europe and America.
The Summary
Forming the Polish Army at the beginning of the 20th century, taking advantage of the tangle of favorable political circumstances, brought Poland a long-awaited independence. The Polish Legions appointed by the Supreme National Committee played an invaluable role in this process. The soldiers of this formation were characterized by unusual honor and deep patriotism. As it turns out today, this phenomenon was particularly visible among the lancers forming the 1st and 3rd Brigade. The horse at that time was the basic way for the rapid movement of troops and the equestrian sport emerged from the drill and cavalry practice successively. It needs be mentioned that its origins could be seen in the late nineteenth century [11]. At that time, the border between the horse military service and the sport was very smooth. It often happened that efficiency exercises of cavalry units reflected sports competitions in today's understanding and in other cases the sport competitions resembled cavalry training [19]. In Germany, the relationship between horse breeding and horsemanship, which to a large extent correlated with cavalry training, was noticeable very early. For the above reasons, officers were required to participate in races and hunting race in East Prussia [8].
In the reborn Republic of Poland, however, the Central Horse -Riding School was already established in 1920, renamed a bit later to the Cavalry Training Center (1928). Throughout the school's existence, a section functioned within its structure, whose officers were responsible not only for training and improving horse - riding skills, but also for preparing for equestrian competitions [18]. Horse artillery adopted almost identical solutions.
It should be mentioned that a large number of these animals was also in the service of the Border Protection Corps. Horse-riding training was at that time a component of the general military training. That is why since 1923 horse competitions for the Polish Army Championships were held. Officers of the Second Republic of Poland were even the first on the European continent to initiate the competition in the Equestrian Polish Championships [1]. Thus, proper mastery of the art of horse riding was necessary in military activities and sport competitions. That is why Polish officers developed their own style, also called the Polish horse - riding school. Its significance was highlighted forcefully during the VIII, IX and XI Summer Olympic Games. Then, the representation of the Second Republic of Poland gained medals and fame invaluable to the reviving state.
References
1. Archival sources and publications
2. The Archive of the Olsztyn Sports Museum, Program of the XXIV Equestrian Polish Championships.
3. The Central Military Archives, Inventory of Military Schools, p. 41.
4. The Central Military Archives, Inventory of Military Schools, Statute of the Central Camp of Artillery NCOs, p. 1.
5. Andrzejewski, T. (2001). To Understand the horse. Pallottinum Printing House.
6. Hubiak, P. (2003). Belina and his lancers. The Foundation Documentation Centre of the Independence Action.
7. Krolikiewicz, A. (1957). Yesterday, today and tomorrow of the Polish horsemanship. RW LZS Publishing Company Lodz.
8. Lezenski, C. (1978). Only horseshoes marks left. Book and Knowledge.
9. Pruchniewicz, W. (2003). Horse-riding Academy. Equestrian Academy.
10. Przybos, A., Zelewski, R. (1959). Diplomats of former times. Old Polish accounts from the 16th and 17th centuries. WL.
11. Pruski, W. (1982). The history of equestrian competitions in Poland. Sport and Tourism.
12. Pruski, W. Grabowski, J., Schuch, S. (2006). Horse breeding. T. I. PWRiL.
13. Rau, G. (1929). The riders battle for the Olimpic Games of 1912, 1920, 1924 and 1928. Schickhardt & Ebner.
14. Rau, G. (1937). The World's Horsemanship at the Olympic Games of 1936. Saint Georg.
15. Romaszkan, G. (1923). Is there a compromise between the old and the new horse-riding school possible? Rider and Breeder, 44, 357-359.
16. Sawicka, Z. (2001). The horse in the life of nobility in the 16 th-18 th centuries. Adam Marszaiek.
17. Urbankiewicz, J. (1996). Polish horse-riding legend. W. Grochowalski.
18. Wagner, R. (1986). The influence of horse riding schools on building of horse tack in Poland. National Scientific Publishing House.
19. Urban, R. (2003). Development of horse-riding sport in Poland between years 1918 and 1939. The Academy of Physical Education.
20. Wojcik, Z. (2010). Equestrian sport in Warmia and Mazury region in the years 1945-1975. ERZET.
21. Wojcik, Z. (2011). Leading schools and systems of horse riding in Europe (1550- 1920). Academic Yearbooks of the College of Physical Education and Tourism, 7, 102-104.
22. Wojcik, Z. (2020). Italian horse riding school. Physical education, sport and health culture in modern society. Lutsk, Ukraine, 1, 60-63.
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