Social-political activity and national sofia of Vasyl Stefanyk as the basis of state ideology

Modern scientific discourse is important for the development of the terminological system of our research (M. Bitter, S. Zenkin, M. Naenko, L.Natochiy, T. Popova, and others. ), for example, on the definition of such basic categories as "generation", "cultural and educational activities", "literature of modernism", etc. Given the multiplicity of definitions, we searched for the most optimal interpretations of concepts and categories of research.

Some problems associated with the development of historical and pedagogical science have found a comprehensive understanding in the modern scientific discourse of O. Adamenko, S. Bobryshov, G. Bilavich, L. Vakhovsky, S. Goncharenko, N. Gupan, T. Zavgorodnaya, I. Strazhnikova , O. Sukhomlynska, E. Khrykova, V. Vykhrushcha, O. Vyshnevsky.

Exploring the national-philosophical features and ideological foundations of the national worldview as a holistic and at the same time evolutionarily changing system, we see that Vasyl Stefanyk has a special, leading role in depicting the problem of national socio-psychological feeling, irrational sense of individuality, originality and individuality. others, rational understanding of the core problems of national existence and the national ideal of political and philosophical categories. In other words, Stefanyk's knowledge of the nation grows from the level of worldview to the level of worldview, from historical empiricism to theoretical generalizations.

It is worth noting that Stefanyk's literary and journalistic national philosophy is organically combined, containing the achievements of creative self-realization and its various textualizations.

Stefanyk's creative heritage has great cognitive, ideological-aesthetic and historical-literary significance. He was an innovator in literature, the creator and unsurpassed master of a concise, dramatic in content and deeply lyrical in sound socio-psychological novel. The artist introduced expressionism in Ukrainian literature, this style involves the depiction of the inner through the outer, interest in deep psychological processes. Drawing on thematic material from a village well known to him, the writer did not see the essence of his work in descriptions of peasant life or the violation of social issues. For him, the main thing in showing the "peasant rift" were not domestic and not political, but universal aspects of human life.

The events of the First World War became a new impetus to creative activity: since 1916 he wrote a number of short stories - "Children's Adventure", "She-Earth", "Maria", "Sons", which reflected the bloody tragedy, raised acute problems of national fate of Ukrainians. In 1919 the book "Stories" was published in Kyiv, in 1924 the most complete collection of short stories "Maple Leaves" appeared in Kharkiv, in 1925. the book "Stories" was published, and in 1926 the last collection "Earth", "Selected Works" (1927), "Works" (1927), and "Selected Stories" (1930) were published.

From the mid-1920s, the writer took a direct part in the literary and art magazines "Pluzhanin", "Life and Revolution" and others, publishing his new works in them. The last works were already dictated by the seriously ill writer in 1933, when his new book "Works" was being prepared for publication, which included the rest of his works published in magazines. The second period of his work lasted from 1916 to 1933. In all, he wrote 23 short stories. and several autobiographical memoirs.

From the point of view of art forms in Stefanyk's work, after a 14-year break nothing has changed; the new in the second period of creativity appears only in the subject, as well as a noticeable return to the lyrical and autobiographical patterns from which he began his work. In addition, Stefanyk left a huge correspondence, which is no less literary than short stories. The most complete edition of the writer's work is the "Complete Collection of Works" in 3 volumes (1949-1954).

Stefanyk builds plots not on the development of external events, but on changes in feelings and experiences. There are no author's explanations and interpretations in the writer's works - the characters themselves speak and think. Therefore, his works are based on monologues and dialogues. The writer wanted every word in his short stories to sound loud, deeply colorful, like a bunch of human pain, like a folk song. The author of the "Blue Book" drew attention to himself by showing the tragedy of the peasantry. The short stories "Katrusya" and "News" are among the most amazing works of Stefanyk by the power of artistic truth. They stand next to his later masterpieces, such as Maple Leaves, Children's Adventure, Mother, and others. Stefanyk skillfully portrayed tragic human destinies in these works. In the last years of his life, Stefanyk also wrote autobiographical short stories, fictionalized memoirs. These include such works as "Thread", "Brothers", "Heart", "Wolf", "Glory to Jesus", "Lyudmila", "Stonemasons".

Thus, nationalism is a specific scientific discipline, which focuses on theoretical and empirical problems of specific historical existence of nations (theory of nations), and national philosophy - a philosophical discipline (philosophy of the nation), centered around general, universal» (Bochkovsky, 1991-1992, p. 99).

In his journalistic works, Stefanyk often touched on various problems of national existence, however, not all of these appeals were of a nationalist nature. Many of them concerned specific episodes, personalities or details of the daily life of the people and their individual representatives and did not rise above the level of everyday empiricism to philosophical generalizations. These reflexes of national reality have their historical value and should not be devalued.

Conclusion and prospects for further research

Thus, the national philosophy of Vasyl Stefanyk is also the core of his life-creating strategy and an important component of his worldview and creativity as a writer-thinker. It (national philosophy) was organically separated from specific socio-historical circumstances, own intellectual research and life experience. Stefanyk's literary intuition usually preceded the reflections of a scholar and publicist and, at the present stage, is of considerable scientific interest and can serve as a guide for modern political thought and the basis of the concept of Ukrainian national education.

Thus, Vasyl Stefanyk's socio-political achievements became more accessible to people through Ukrainian periodicals, served as a means of educating national consciousness, patriotism, love for the native land, opened a treasury of oral folk art, formed a sense of pride in belonging to the great "Russian people". This journalism even served as a didactic material for educational initiatives of Ukrainian public societies in the field of adult education.

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