Enver Hoxha and Eurostalinism

After the break with the USSR, Enver Hoxha perceived everything Soviet in a negative way. This concerned, in particular, the attempts of the Soviet Union to restore ties or at least normalize interstate relations. Hoxha's book “Khrushchevites” (1980) breathes hatred for all Soviet. The Albanian dictator despised the “endless meals of the Soviet leaders”, their appearance, and especially their arrogance in circumvention. (Hoxha himself was effective in all forms of communication, including appearance - handsome, elegant, very tall and slender, in addition, he had remarkable oratorical and motivational skills). Despite the huge loans that he received and, following the example of the Albanian king Zog, was in no hurry to return, Hoxha was dissatisfied with Soviet financial assistance, as well as with Soviet specialists.

Declaration of Albania as completely laistic, with all the ensuing repressive consequences, and building bunkers throughout the country - these decisions of Hoxha defy rational explanation. Albania is literally covered with bunkers designed to protect the country from the outside. Until the 1980s, about 700,000 reinforced concrete bunkers were built, about one for every four inhabitants of the country (Dimitri, 1978, p. 82). It has now been proven that they were designed in such a way that during the battle the soldiers in them would simply suffocate from powder gases.

And the last. The authors of the work had a cognitive dissonance caused by an attempt to understand the holistic enthusiasm and pragmatic acceptance of Stalin's ideas. A person with a European education, respect for the French and Italian cultural traditions, and finally, a Muslim, brought up in the spirit of Sharia from early childhood, was able to imbue faith in primitive autocracy and primitive leaderism with a strategy of destroying competitors and false opponents. Although Hoxha did not have respect for Khrushchev, the latter revealed the genesis of Stalin's crimes. And Hoxha, if he were objective, should have understood the essence of the criminal rule of his idol. One can still understand the transfer of the practice of exaltation and cult on one's own personality, but not the acceptance of the methodology of the demonic extermination of yesterday's associates.

Enver Khalil Hoxha lived and died as a European Stalinist. The basis of his leaderism (Hoxhaism) was the first country that unconditionally relied on the Marxist- Stalinist ideology. Hoxhaism began to form as a dogmatic version of Marxism-Leninism and as a development of Stalinism. Hoxhaism sharply criticizes all rejections of communist ideas, calling them revisionist. At the same time, according to Hoxhaism, each country has the right to decide how to adopt socialist ideas. Hoxhaism gained many organizations of Hoxhaist orientation operated and a certain popularity in the Third World countries, where still continue to operate in a number of countries.

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