The OUN(R-B) in the 1970s and 1980s: a vision of the socio-political system of the Ukrainian state

At the Assembly it was stated that the situation in Ukraine and the USSR had reached such a critical point that there could be always an opportunity to start the formation of the USSD. Therefore, the OUN noted that the UDP should prepare for such moment. In this regard, at VIII Extraordinary Grand Assembly it was decided that “The organization must, as far as possible, oppose the colonial system of the USSR the legitimate Ukrainian State represented by the UDP to the colonial system of the USSR” (Vosmyi, 1991, p. 244). It was also pointed out that such opposition should be emphasized in Ukraine and in the countries of free world in order to undermine the prestige and legality of the Ukrainian SSR and strengthen the national statehood. In Ukraine, this mission was to be carried out by such political entities as the Ukrainian Inter-Party Assembly (UIA), the Association “State Independence of Ukraine” (SSU), the Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party (UCDP), the Society of Veterans of the National Liberation Struggle of the 1940s and 1950s, youth nationalist societies, etc. It should be pointed out that the OUN's units in Ukraine were not even mentioned, which testifies to the complete isolation of the Organization's emigration leadership from the realities of sociopolitical life in the Homeland and its ignorance of the real situation in the Homeland and the minimal OUN influence in public and political environment.

At VIII Extraordinary Grand Assembly of the OUN it was also advised the UDP to expand its structure, in particular to form “an appropriate legislature to which people could belong (individuals and groups) that recognize the restored state by the Act of June 30, 1941 as the newest Ukrainian State, and with it the longevity of this statehood under the guise of the UDP” (Vosmyi, 1991, p. 245). According to the OUN leadership, millions of Ukrainian citizens could be represented in such a legislative body, and it could, for example, be called “the Ukrainian State Council”. When expanding the work of the UDP, it seemed possible to create an independent control body, or even a court. In addition, the OUN leadership believed that with the restoration of the Ukrainian State, in different countries there would be a need for representations of its puppet and existing mostly on paper the UDP, as a basic foundation for the embassies of the future USSD, and during the transitional period of the creation of the state, they could be unofficial spokesmen for the UDP and all those Ukrainian forces that recognize the UDP and would fight for the restoration of the USSD. Taking into consideration the above mentioned, the question arises: was the OUN (r-b) leadership aware of the real state, influence and status of its pocket UDP? Obviously, was not, because, being aware of the realities, VIII NVZ could not state publicly and “gladly” that “the mandate of the UDP is renewed by mass recognition”, “by millions of the Ukrainian citizens who sign statements organized by the Ukrainian Inter-Party Assembly and other institutions”, etc. (Vosmyi, 1991, pp. 245-246).

Anachronism and detachment from the realities of Ukraine at the beginning of the 1990s were the programmed materials of the VIII Extraordinary Grand Assembly, which, oversaturated with pompous and revolutionary slogans in the style of the 1950s - the 1960s, repeated the generalizing theses and statements of IV Grand Assembly of the OUN of 1968 in the socio-economic sphere (Vosmyi, 1991, pp. 166-168, 170). Moreover, even in the summer of 1991, the OUN leadership was unaware of the difference between emigration levels, attitudes and internal Ukrainian problems and worldview ideas, being under the illusion of its own dogma, that “the Ukrainian nation has a ruling force - the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists”, and “the authority of the OUN is enshrined in historical events” (Vosmyi, 1991, p. 212). In the end, such an ideological and political stupor of the Organization was actually confirmed at the Conference of the Ukrainian Nationalists, which took place on March 28 - 29, 1992 in Kyiv Teachers' House (over 600 participants), by R. Zvarych, a secretary of the OUN leader Yaroslava Stetsko, in his foreword entitled “For a New Life” to the publication of the Conference materials (Konferentsiia, 1992, p. 4). “The OUN defined its programmed of state-building long ago, which was worked out in detail at IV Grand Assembly in 1968 and supplemented and clarified at the next Great Assembly”, - he said (Konferentsiia, 1992, p. 5).

In her report Ya. Stetsko “The Ukrainian Nationalism and its Role in Consolidating and Building the Ukrainian Independent Conciliar State” spoke about nationalism as a system of the future, without resorting to the interpretation of its updated principles and modernized worldviews, but instead quoted an excerpt on the socio-political plane in the vision of the OUN according to the resolutions of VI Grand Assembly in 1981, not a word about the recent models of the Ukrainian State and the principles of its socio-political system, approved by IV Grand Assembly of the OUN in 1968, which were not repealed by any decisions and resolutions of the latter (Konferentsiia, 1992, pp. 19-22). The leader repeated unspecified theses about private ownership of land and means of production, and that the Ukrainian people should become masters of their land in the Ukrainian Independent Conciliar State. She also said that “it is from this angle that the programmed of new state-building of Ukraine and the new world order is being developed”, again without explaining what was meant and what the essence was (Konferentsiia, 1992, p. 23). As for the military and security aspects, it is worth noting the support of the OUN (r-b) for the nuclear disarmament of the Ukrainian army. “We stand for a nuclear-free Ukraine, but for the destruction of nuclear weapons on our territory, not its export to Russia, so that the growing forces of reaction will not blackmail us and the whole peace- loving world with it”, - Ya. Stetsko said in conclusion (Konferentsiia, 1992, pp. 24-25).

The conference ended with the call to life of a new political force - the Congress of the Ukrainian Nationalists (KUN), which in the status of a union of de facto emigrant OUN (r-b) and a number of small Ukrainian nationalist organizations formed a legal political party structure at its Constituent Congress on October 18, 1992 in Kyiv headed by Ya. StetskoThe KUN was registered by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine on January 26, 1993 (registration number 385). and, thus, practically buried and sent to the pages of history the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists, which was founded back in 1940 by the Revolutionary Leadership of the OUN headed by S. Bandera.

The Conclusion

At the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, it became clear that prolonged stays under the conditions of emigrant and diaspora political life during the period of the Iron Curtain and the Cold War caused not only natural demographic (membership) losses in the Organization, which is characteristic of almost all long-term emigrant political circles, but also stagnant phenomena in the ideological and political evolution of worldviews and the concept of the state system of the future of Ukraine in the governing bodies of the OUN (r-b) at the end of the twentieth century, and also led to its gradual organizational decline, which caused crisis in this political force and its unwillingness to interfere in the political and state-building processes in Ukraine powerfully and influentially after the acquisition of state independence.

Acknowledgements. The author would like to express sincere gratitude to all members of the editorial board for the given advice during the preparation of the article for publishing.

Funding. The author did not receive any financial assistance for research, preparation and publication of the article.

Bibliography

1. Antonyuk, Ya. & Trotymovych, V. (2021). Protyborstvo spetssluzhb zakordonnych tsentriv OUN iz KDB (1960 - pochatok 1990 rr.) [Confrontation between the Special Services of Foreign OUN Centers and the KGB (the 1960s - the beginning of the 1990s)]. Ukrainsky istorychnyi zhurnal - Ukrainian Historical Journal, (3), 114-125. [in Ukrainian]

2. Hai-Nyzhnyk, P. (2017). Verkhovne kerivnytstvo i partiino-politychna systema USSD u derzhavnytskii modeli OUN(b) 1940-1960 rokiv [The Supreme Leadership and the Party-Political System of the USDS in the State Model of the OUN (b) of the 1940s and the 1960s]. Ukrainskyi vyzvolnyi rukh - Ukrainian Liberation Movement, (22), 57-84. [in Ukrainian]

3. Hai-Nyzhnyk, P. (2020). Ukrainska Derzhava: suspilno-politychna model i sotsialno-ekonomichnyi lad v teorii ta ideolohii OUN-b (1940-1990 rr.) [Ukrainian State: socio-political model and socioeconomic system in the theory and ideology of the OUN-b (1940-1990)]. Kyiv: Krok, 432 p. [in Ukrainian]

4. Konferentsiia (1992). Konferentsiia Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv. Kyiv, 28-29 Bereznia 1992. Dopovidi, Dyskusii, Postanovy [Conference of the Ukrainian Nationalists. Kyiv, March 28-29, 1992. Reports, Discussions, Resolutions]. London, Kyiv: Vydannia Ukrainskoi Tsentralnoi Informatsiinoi Sluzhby (UTsIS), 224 p. [in Ukrainian]

5. Kasianov, H.V. (1998). Ukrainskyi natsiomalizm: problema naukovoho pereosmyslennya [Ukrainian Nationalism: the Problem of Scientific Rethinking]. Ukrainsky istorychnyi zhurnal - Ukrainian Historical Journal, (2), 39-54. [in Ukrainian]

6. Kasianov, H.V. (2004). Ideolohiya OUN: istoryko-retrospektyvnyi analiz [The OUN Ideology: historical and retrospective analysis]. Ukrainsky istorychnyi zhurnal - Ukrainian Historical Journal, (2), 68-82. [in Ukrainian]

7. Manifest (1981). Manifest Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN) [Manifesto of the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)]. W. p., 20 p. [in Ukrainian]

8. Piatyi (1975). Piatyi Velykyi Zbir Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN). Materiialy y postanovy [Fifth Grand Assembly of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). Materials and Resolutions]. W. p.: Vydannia Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN), 374 p. [in Ukrainian] Shche odyn (1971). Shche odyn rik ye poza namy! [Another year is behind us!] Biuleten T. P. OUN u VB. - Bulletin of TP OUN in GB, XIV (1), 2-5. [in Ukrainian]

9. Shostyi (1984). Shostyi Velykyi Zbir Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN) [Sixth Grand Assembly of the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)]. W. p., 630 p. [in Ukrainian]

10. Somyi (1988). Somyi Velykyi Zbir Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN). Materiialy y Postanovy [Seventh Grand Assembly of the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). Materials and Resolutions]. W. p.: Vydannia Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN), 238 p. [in Ukrainian]

11. Sych, O. (2015). Ukrainska emigratsiya i rosiysko-ukrainskyi konflikt (na prykladi vyzvolnoi kontsepcii OUN-revolutsiynoi) [Ukrainian Emigration and the Russian-Ukrainian Conflict (on the example of the liberation concept of the OUN-revolutionary)]. Naukovi zapysky Instytutu politychnykh i etnonatsionalnykh doslidzhen im. I.F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy, (1), 322-333. [in Ukrainian]

12. Viedieniev, D. (2005). Diyalnist radyanskych orhaniv derzhbezpeky proty natsionalistychnych oseredkiv ukrainskoi emigratsii (1945 - 1970 rr.) [Activities of the Soviet State Security Bodies against Nationalist Centers of the Ukrainian Emigration (1945-1970)]. Naukovyi visnyk NA SB Ukrainy - Scientific Bulletin of the Security Service of Ukraine, (23), 199-210. [in Ukrainian]

13. Vosmyi (1991). Vosmyi Nadzvychainyi Velykyi Zbir Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh Natsionalistiv (OUN). Materiialy y Postanovy /Eighth Extraordinary Grand Assembly of the Organization of the Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). Materials and Resolutions]. W. p., 261 p. [in Ukrainian]

14. Zaitsev, O.Yu. (2012). OUN i avtorytarno-natsionalistychni rukhy mizhvoennoi Evropy [The OUN and Authoritarian andNationalist Movements in interwar Europe]. Ukrainsky istorychnyi zhurnal - Ukrainian Historical Journal, (1), 89-101. [in Ukrainian]

Размещено на allbest.ru