Главная Коллекция "Revolution" Международные отношения и мировая экономика Європейська політика Австрійської Республіки

Європейська політика Австрійської Республіки

Механізми формування і реалізації європейської політики Австрії. Етапи її політики відносно ЄС до 1995 р. Відхід Австрії від концепції глобально орієнтованого активного нейтралітету та ухвалення рішення про повноцінну інтеграцію до Європейського Союзу.

Рубрика Международные отношения и мировая экономика
Вид автореферат
Язык украинский
Дата добавления 25.02.2015
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The author investigated the negotiation process regarding concerning Austria's EU-entrance and defined that despite Austria's high preparedness to EU-membership and a potential considerable profit of the EU from this fact Austria as a state with inconsiderable political resources didn't manage to uphold the majority of negotiation positions.

Basing on the obtained knowledge it was made an attempt to analyze the influence of the process of Austria's integration into the EU and its EU-membership on its European policy, in particular on its position concerning the enlargement and intensification of the European integration, EU reform etc.

In the course of the analysis it was determined that Austria's integration into the EU has caused the change of its European policy paradigm towards the departure from the particular path on the international arena in favor of solidary participation in further development of all EU dimensions. The major reasons for this was the necessity for Austria to follow the course of events taking place within the EU and to adapt its policy to them considering the voluntariness of its EU-integration, limited possibilities to influence the position of the leading member-states as well as its wish to improve own international image.

The most important changes were experienced by Austria's security and defense policy as by one based on the permanent neutrality status to the biggest extent. During the respective internal discussion caused by the need to react on new external threats and to define the principles of Austria's participation in EU political and military dimensions the Austrian parties reached the consensus concerning the priority of Austria's active participation in the development of EU Common Foreign, Security and Defense policy, what in fact made the fulfillment of the permanent neutrality requirements by Austria impossible.

The Austria's policy concerning the EU-enlargement was characterized and it was defined, that in the 2nd half of 1990s its base was the strengthening of economic presence and strictly pragmatic defense of its national interests in CEE region, which threatened the enlargement. But under the influence of the crisis of the year 2000 the Austrian government changed its policy, suggested some new forms of regional cooperation within CEE and fully supported the EU enlargement. It was determined that the crisis of 2000 increased the pro-European sentiments within the Austrian political elite, what displayed during the discussion around the draft EU-Constitution. For the defense of its interests Austria used the method of joint influence on EU key member-states, which may be now considered as one of the major mechanisms of the realization of Austria's interests within the EU.

Based on the obtained results there have been worked out a number of recommendations for the build-up of the effective EU-integration strategy of Ukraine and the mechanisms of its national interests' realization within the EU as well as in the СЕЕ region.

Key words: Austria, EU, EC, European policy, permanent neutrality, European integration, EU enlargement, EU Constitution, regional partnership, Central and Eastern Europe, EU common foreign, security and defense policy.

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