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25.02.2024
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Summary

From ice to innovation: China and Denmark's economic partnership in the Arctic

The Arctic region, which has long been characterized by harsh climate and remoteness, is increasingly at the center of global economic discussions, primarily due to logistical and resource transformations caused by climate change. Given the rapid melting of ice and the opening of new sea trade routes, uncovering the historical context and motivations for Sino-Danish economic cooperation in the Arctic is a relevant component of a comprehensive study. Polar tourism, driven by the growing global interest in this unique environment, is one of the central aspects of this discourse. The article explores the dynamics of Chinese tourists' growing interest in the Arctic and the role of the Kingdom of Denmark in the context of the Asian boom in polar extreme tourism, as well as the sustainable tourism practices and environmental responsibility that underpin this burgeoning industry.

In addition, the research delves into the field of alternative energy, in particular, the innovative use of Arctic resources for clean energy production, demonstrating the joint efforts of official Beijing and Copenhagen in developing advanced water and wind-based alternative energy technologies and offering a glimpse into the future of green energy solutions in the Arctic and beyond. This study makes an important contribution to understanding the evolving narrative of Sino-Danish economic engagement in the High North by highlighting the key role played by trade, tourism, and water-based alternative energy initiatives, and by identifying the broader implications of Sino-Danish Arctic competition in terms of their impact on regional stability, environmental sustainability, and the interests of other polar stakeholders.

As the Kingdom of Denmark and the People's Republic of China navigate the complexities of their high-stakes partnership in the polar region, their strategies and actions provide insight into the broader context of constructive international coopetition in the Arctic. Finally, the article emphasizes the need for diplomatic engagement and responsible resource management to ensure that the economic relationship between the Chinese, Greenlandic and Danish governments in the Arctic contributes to respect for international law, sustainable development and a harmonious regional and global energy future.

Key words: China, Denmark, Arctic, green energy, tourism, trade, investment.

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1. Alexeeva O., Lasserre F. The Snow Dragon: China's Strategies in the Arctic. China Perspectives. 2012. Vol. 2012/3. No. 3. P. 61-68.

2. ӽλŮض. {Żվ.

3. Quinn E. Greenland's more prominent role on Arctic Council important signal to int'l community says foreign minister. Eye on the Arctic.

4. Denmark Exports to China 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1993-2022 Historical.

5. China Exports to Denmark 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

6. Danish companies' eye lucrative opportunities at CIIE in Shanghai.

7. China Exports to Greenland 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

8. China Imports from Greenland 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

9. Chen C. China's engagement in Greenland: mutual economic benefits and political non-interference. Polar Research. 2022. Vol. 41.

10. Mattlin M. Kanariefageln som tystnade. Finlands gestalt shift om kinesiska investeringar. Internasjonal Politikk. 2020. Vol. 78. No. 1. P. 54-67.

11. Almen O., Hsiung C. W. China's Economic Influence in the Arctic Region: The Nordic and Russian Cases. Swedish Defence Research Agency. 2022. P. 1-117 ( : 30.09.2023).

12. Rosendal T. The People's Map of Global China: Denmark profile.

13. Oi2022NŁj. Ͷʺ𣨵ָ. 2022. 1-107 ҳ

14. China Regional Snapshot: Arctic.

15. Kykyna A., Zayats O. China's Resource Diplomacy in the Arctic: Implications for Greenland. Black Sea Economic Studies. 2023. No. 82. P. 15-21.

16. Denmark commits to helping China with renewable energy integration and district heating.

17. Danish study: large Chinese island could replace coal with renewables and become a Clean Energy Island by 2030.

18. Denmark's Energy Islands.

19. Power-to-X: paving the way for a greener future.

20. Andersen-Aagaard C. From Ice to Energy: Greenland's Hydropower Bonanza.

21. Shi M., Lanteigne M. The (Many) Roles of Greenland in China's Developing Arctic Policy.

22. .. - ϳ . 2020. 12. . 27-30.

23. .. - '. .. . 2020. 31 (70). . 1-4.

24. .. . ³ . 2020. 4 (83). . 13-20.

25. .. ϳ ' . ղ. 2020. 3. . 13-17.

26. .. . : . 2020. 3. . 12-17.

27. .. . . 2019. 24. . 21-26.

28. .. '. Regional Revue. 2020. Vol. 1. . 216-239.

References

1. Alexeeva O., Lasserre F. (2012) The Snow Dragon: China's Strategies in the Arctic. China Perspectives, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 61-68.

2. ӽλŮض. {Żվ.

3. Quinn E. (2021) Greenland's more prominent role on Arctic Council important signal to int'l community says foreign minister. Eye on the Arctic.

4. Denmark Exports to China 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1993-2022 Historical.

5. China Exports to Denmark 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

6. Danish companies' eye lucrative opportunities at CIIE in Shanghai.

7. China Exports to Greenland 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

8. China Imports from Greenland 2023 Data 2024 Forecast 1992-2022 Historical.

9. Chen C. (2022) China's engagement in Greenland: mutual economic benefits and political non-interference. Polar Research, vol. 41.

10. Mattlin M. (2020) Kanariefageln som tystnade. Finlands gestalt shift om kinesiska investeringar. InternasjonalPolitikk, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 54-67.

11. Almen O., Hsiung C. W. (2022) China's Economic Influence in the Arctic Region: The Nordic and Russian Cases. Swedish Defence Research Agency, pp. 1-117.

12. Rosendal T. (2022) The People's Map of Global China: Denmark profile.

13. Oi2022NŁj. Ͷʺ𣨵ָ. 2022. 1-107 ҳ

14. China Regional Snapshot: Arctic.

15. Kykyna A., Zayats O. (2023) China's Resource Diplomacy in the Arctic: Implications for Greenland. Black Sea Economic Studies, no. 82, pp. 15-21.

16. Denmark commits to helping China with renewable energy integration and district heating.

17. Danish study: large Chinese island could replace coal with renewables and become a Clean Energy Island by 2030.

18. Denmark's Energy Islands.

19. Power-to-X: paving the way for a greener future.

20. Andersen-Aagaard C. (2023) From Ice to Energy: Greenland's Hydropower Bonanza.

21. Shi M., Lanteigne M. (2018) The (Many) Roles of Greenland in China's Developing Arctic Policy.

22. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Systemna torhovelno-konkurentna vzaiemodiia YeS Merkosur. Pidpryiemnytstvo ta innovatsii, no. 12, pp. 27-30.

23. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Ekonomiko-konkurentne dominuvannia mizhderzhavnykh intehratsiinykh obiednan. Vcheni zapysky Tavriiskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni VI. Vernadskoho, no. 31 (70), pp. 1-4.

24. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Meharehionalni torhovelni uhody yak instrument hlobalnoi konkurentsii. Visnyk Odeskoho natsionalnoho universytetu, no. 4 (83), pp. 13-20.

25. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Pidkhody do otsinky efektyvnosti vplyvu vstupu krainy u intehratsiine obiednannia na yoho konkurentnu sylu. IntelektXXI, no. 3, pp. 13-17.

26. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Systemna vzaiemodiia intehratsiinykh soiuziv v umovakh hlobalnoi konkurentsii. Naukovyi pohliad: ekonomika ta upravlinnia, no. 3, pp. 12-17.

27. Zaiats O.I. (2019) Prykordonne spivrobitnytstvo yak peredumova rozvytku mizhnarodnoi ekonomichnoi konverhentsii. Naukovyi visnyk UzhNu, no. 24, pp. 21-26.

28. Zaiats O.I. (2020) Faktory formuvannia konkurentnoi syly mizhnarodnykh intehratsiinykh obiednan. Regional Revue, vol. 1, pp. 216-239.

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