English For Lawyers
Reading and understanding of original professional literature. Obtaining necessary information from legal documents and reproduction of the contents read in English or in the native language. Word formation and spelling of endings, legislative terms.
| Рубрика | Иностранные языки и языкознание |
| Вид | учебное пособие |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 07.11.2014 |
| Размер файла | 542,1 K |
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suppression of evidence
n. 1) a judge's determination not to allow evidence to be admitte...
supra
(sooh-prah) Latin for "above," in legal briefs and decisions it r...
supremacy clause
n. Article VI, section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, which reads: "...
Supreme Court
n. 1) the highest court in the United States, which has the ultim...
surcharge
n. an additional charge of money made because it was omitted in t...
surety
n. a guarantor of payment or performance if another fails to pay...
surplusage
n. a term used in analyzing legal documents and pleadings to refe...
surrebutal
n. in written or oral legal argument, the response to the other p...
surrender
v. 1) to turn over possession of real property, either voluntaril...
surrogate
n. 1) a person acting on behalf of another or a substitute, inclu...
surrogate court
n. a court in a few states (including New York) with jurisdiction...
survivor
n. a person who outlives another, as in "to my sons, Arnold and Z...
survivorship
n. the right to receive full title or ownership due to having sur...
suspended sentence
n. in criminal law, a penalty applied by a judge to a defendant c...
sustain
v. in trial practice, for a judge to agree that an attorney's obj...
swear
v. 1) to declare under oath that one will tell the truth (sometim...
swindle
v. to cheat through trick, device, false statements or other frau...
syndicate
n. a joint venture among individuals and/or corporations to accom...
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Select a word: T.R.O. n. legal slang for temporary restraining order. tainted evidence n. in a criminal trial, information which has been obtained by il... take v. to gain or obtain possession, including the receipt of a legac... taking the Fifth n. the refusal to testify on the ground that the testimony might... tangible property n. physical articles (things) as distinguished from "incorporeal"... tax n. a governmental assessment (charge) upon property value, transa... tax costs n. a motion to contest a claim for court costs submitted by a pre... Tax Court n. a federal agency with courts in major cities which hear taxpay... tax evasion n. intentional and fraudulent attempt to escape payment of taxes... tax return n. the form to be filed with a taxing authority by a taxpayer whi... tax sale n. an auction sale of a taxpayer's property conducted by the fede... temporary injunction n. a court order prohibiting an action by a party to a lawsuit un... temporary insanity n. in a criminal prosecution, a defense by the accused that he/sh... tenancy n. the right to occupy real property permanently, for a time whic... tenancy at sufferance n. a "hold-over" tenancy after a lease has expired but before the... tenancy at will n. occupation of real property owned by another until such time a... tenancy by the entirety n. joint ownership of title by husband and wife, in which both ha... tenancy in common n. title to property (usually real property, but it can apply to... tenant n. a person who occupies real property owned by another based upo... tender 1) v. to present to another person an unconditional offer to ente... tenement n. 1) a term found in older deeds or in boiler-plate deed languag... tentative trust n. a bank account deposited in the name of the depositor "in trus... tenure n. 1) in real property, the right to possess the property. 2) in... term n. 1) in contracts or leases, a period of time, such as five year... testacy n. dying with a will (a testament). It is compared to "intestacy,... testamentary adj. pertaining to a will. testamentary capacity n. having the mental competency to execute a will at the time the... testamentary disposition n. how the terms of a will divide the testator's (will writer's)... testamentary trust n. a trust created by the terms of a will. Example: "The residue... testator n. a person who has written a will which is in effect at the time... testatrix n. female form of testator, although distinguishing between gende... testify v. to give oral evidence under oath in answer to questions posed... testimony n. oral evidence given under oath by a witness in answer to quest... theft n. the generic term for all crimes in which a person intentionall... third party n. a person who is not a party to a contract or a transaction, bu... third-party beneficiary n. a person who is not a party to a contract but has legal rights... Thirty-day notice n. a notice by a landlord to a tenant on a month-to-month tenancy... three strikes, you're out n. recent (beginning 1994) legislation enacted in several states... three-day notice n. a notice to pay delinquent rent or quit (leave or vacate) the... tide lands n. land between the high and low tides, which is uncovered each d... time is of the essence n. a phrase often used in contracts which in effect says: the spe... time served n. the period a criminal defendant has been in jail, often while... timely adj. within the time required by statute, court rules or contract... title n. 1) ownership of real property or personal property, which stan... title abstract n. a history of the chain of title. title insurance n. a policy issued by an insurance company guaranteeing that the... title report n. the written analysis of the status of title to real property,... title search n. the examination of county records for the property's title his... to wit prep. that is to say. Example: "the passengers in the vehicle, to... toll v. 1) to delay, suspend or hold off the effect of a statute. Exam... tontine n. a rare agreement among several persons who agree that each wil... tools of trade n. in bankruptcy law, the equipment a person requires in order to... tort n. from French for "wrong," a civil wrong or wrongful act, whethe... tort claims act n. a federal or state act which, under certain conditions, waives... tortfeasor n. a person who commits a tort (civil wrong), either intentionall... tortious adj. referring to an act which is a tort (civil wrong). trade 1) n. a business or occupation for profit, particularly in retail... trade fixture n. a piece of equipment on or attached to the real estate which i... trade name n. a name of a business or one of its products which, by use of t... trade secret n. a process, method, plan, formula or other information unique t... trademark n. a distinctive design, picture, emblem, logo or wording (or com... trader in U.S. income tax law, a person who deals in property as a busin... transcript n. the written record of all proceedings, including testimony, in... transfer n. 1) the movement of property from one person or entity to anoth... transfer agent n. a person or company retained by a corporation to process trans... transfer in contemplation of death n. giving property under the belief of the giver that he/she is a... transferred intent n. in both criminal and tort (civil wrong) law, when an intent to... treason n. the crime of betraying one's country, defined in Article III,... treasury bill n. a promissory note issued in multiples of $10,000 by the U.S. T... treasury bond n. a long-term bond issued by the U.S. Treasury. treasury note n. a promissory note issued by the U.S. Treasury, for a period of... treasury stock n. stock of a private corporation which was issued and then bough... treaty n. a pact between nations which, if entered into by the United St... treble damages n. tripling damages allowed by state statute in certain types of... trespass n. entering another person's property without permission of the o... trial n. the examination of facts and law presided over by a judge (or... trial court n. the court which holds the original trial, as distinguished fro... trial de novo n. a form of appeal in which the appeals court holds a trial as i... tribunal n. any court, judicial body or board which has quasi-judicial fun... trier of fact n. the judge or jury responsible for deciding factual issues in a... triple net lease n. a lease in which the lessee's (tenant's) rent includes a share... true bill n. the written decision of a Grand Jury (signed by the Grand Jury... trust n. an entity created to hold assets for the benefit of certain pe... trust deed n. another name for a deed of trust, a form of mortgage used in s... trust fund n. the principal (called the corpus) of a trust, made up of its a... trustee n. a person or entity who holds the assets (corpus) of a trustee... trustee in bankruptcy n. a person appointed by a bankruptcy court to supervise the affa... trustor n. the creator of a trust (who normally places the original asset... Truth in Lending Act n. a federal statute which requires a commercial lender (bank, sa... turn states' evidence v. for a person accused of a crime to decide to give the prosecut... Twinkie defense n. a claim by a criminal defendant that at the time of the crime... |
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Select a word: UCC-1 n. a financing agreement form for using personal property (e.g. e... ultimate fact n. in a trial, a conclusion of fact which is logically deduced fr... ultra vires (uhl-trah veye-rehz) adj. Latin for "beyond powers," in the law o... ultrahazardous activity n. an action or process which is so inherently dangerous that the... unclean hands n. a legal doctrine which is a defense to a complaint, which stat... unconscionable adj. referring to a contract or bargain which is so unfair to a p... unconstitutional adj. referring to a statute, governmental conduct, court decision... under the influence n. one of many phrases for being drunk on alcoholic beverages or... underwrite v. 1) to agree to pay an obligation which may arise from an insur... underwriter n. a company or person which/who underwrites an insurance policy,... undisclosed principal n. a person who uses an agent for his/her negotiations with a thi... undivided interest n. title to real property held by two or more persons without spe... undue influence n. the amount of pressure which one uses to force someone to exec... unfair competition n. wrongful and/or fraudulent business methods to gain an unfair... unified estate and gift tax n. in federal estate taxes, the value of the estate plus gifts up... Uniform Commercial Code n. a set of statutes governing the conduct of business, sales, wa... unilateral contract n. an agreement to pay in exchange for performance, if the potent... uninsured motorist clause n. the clause in a policy of insurance on an automobile which pro... unissued stock n. a corporation's shares of stock which are authorized by its ar... unjust enrichment n. a benefit by chance, mistake or another's misfortune for which... unlawful adj. referring to any action which is in violation of a statute,... unlawful assembly n. the act of assembling for the purpose of starting a riot or br... unlawful detainer n. 1) keeping possession of real property without a right, such a... unreasonable search and seizure n. search of an individual or his/her premises (including an auto... use n. the right to enjoy the benefits of real property or personal p... use tax n. a state tax on goods purchased in another state for use in the... usurious adj. referring to the interest on a debt which exceeds the maximu... usury n. a rate of interest on a debt which is exorbitant and in excess... utter v. 1) to issue a forged document. 2) to speak. uxor n. Latin for "wife." In deeds and documents the term "et ux." is... |
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Select a word: vacate v. 1) for a judge to set aside or annul an order or judgment whic... vagrancy n. moving about without a means to support oneself, without a per... valuable consideration n. a necessary element of a contract, which confers a benefit on... variance n. 1) an exception to a zoning ordinance, authorized by the appro... vehicular manslaughter n. the crime of causing the death of a human being due to illegal... vendee n. a buyer, particularly of real property. vendor n. a seller, particularly of real property. venire (ven-eer-ay) n. the list from which jurors may be selected. venue n. 1) the proper or most convenient location for trial of a case.... verdict n. the decision of a jury after a trial, which must be accepted b... verification n. the declaration under oath or upon penalty of perjury that a s... vest v. to give an absolute right to title or ownership, including rea... vested adj. referring to having an absolute right or title, when previou... vested remainder n. the absolute right to receive title after a presently existing... vexatious litigation n. filing a lawsuit with the knowledge that it has no legal basis... vicarious liability n. sometimes called "imputed liability," attachment of responsibi... vigilante n. someone who takes the law into his/her own hands by trying and... viz prep. to wit, or namely. Example: "There were several problems, v... void adj. referring to a statute, contract, ruling or anything which i... void for vagueness adj. referring to a statute defining a crime which is so vague th... voidable adj. capable of being made void. Example: a contract entered into... voir dire (vwahr [with a near-silent "r"] deer) n. from French "to see to s... voluntary bankruptcy n. the filing for bankruptcy by a debtor who believes he/she/it c... voting trust n. a trust which solicits vote proxies of shareholders of a corpo... |
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Select a word:waivev. to voluntarily give up something, including not enforcing a te...waivern. the intentional and voluntary giving up of something, such as...wantonadj. 1) grossly negligent to the extent of being recklessly uncon...wardn. 1) a person (usually a minor) who has a guardian appointed by...warrant1) n. an order (writ) of a court which directs a law enforcement...warrantyn. a written statement of good quality of merchandise, clear titl...warranty deedn. a deed to real property which guarantees that the seller owns...wasten. 1) any damage to real property by a tenant which lessens its v...watered stockn. shares of stock of a corporation which have been issued at a p...weight of evidencen. the strength, value and believability of evidence presented on...wet recklessn. a plea to a charge of reckless driving which was "alcohol rela...whiplashn. a common neck and/or back injury suffered in automobile accide...white collar crimen. a generic term for crimes involving commercial fraud, cheating...widown. a woman whose husband died while she was married to him and wh...widow's electionn. the choice a widow makes between accepting what her husband le...widowern. a man whose wife died while he was married to her and who has...willn. a written document which leaves the estate of the person who s...will contestn. a lawsuit challenging the validity of a will and/or its terms....willfuladj. referring to acts which are intentional, conscious and direc...willfullyadv. referring to doing something intentionally, purposefully and...wind upv. to liquidate (sell or dispose of) assets of a corporation or p...winding upn. liquidating the assets of a corporation or partnership, settli...wiretapn. using an electronic device to listen in on telephone lines, wh...withdrawaln. 1) in criminal law, leaving a conspiracy to commit a crime bef...witness1) n. a person who testifies under oath in a trial (or a depositi...witness standn. a chair at the end of the judge's bench on the jury box side,...words of artn. 1) specialized language with meaning peculiar to a particular...work productn. the writings, notes, memoranda, reports on conversations with...Workers' Compensation Actsn. state statutes which establish liability of employers for inju...Workmen's Compensationn. a former name for worker's compensation before the unisex titl...World Courtn. the Court of International Justice, founded by the United Nati...writn. a written order of a judge requiring specific action by the pe...writ of attachmentn. a court order directing a sheriff (or other law enforcement of...writ of coram nobis: (writ of core-uhm noh-bis) n. from Latin for "in our presence,"...writ of executionn. a court order to a sheriff to enforce a judgment by levying on...writ of mandate(mandamus) n. a court order to a government agency, including ano...wrongful deathn. the death of a human being as the result of a wrongful act of...wrongful terminationn. a right of an employee to sue his/her employer for damages (lo... |
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Select a word:your honorn. the proper way to address a judge in court.youthful offendersn. under-age people accused of crimes who are processed through a... |
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