"Revolution"

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31.01.2018
78,4 K

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ea e a e ea a a . - e aee ee, a a e eee e ee, aae ee, ee, - e aee . ee ee ee aea -aa ee, ee e ee a . , , , a a , aee e, ae e a e a a ee ae a ee a, , aae e e . e a a e a a aa- ae, e, a a, a .

a ea aa aaa a a aa , a ea aa ee aea eee e. e e eee ee aee e eee eee eee ea e a. a - a a a eea e, e e e ae ee a a, e ae ee ee a, ea e a, e ee e aa a aa. e e e a aee ea ee e ee ae , e a ee a ea.

e ae a aa- e ee ae ea eeee aa [e, 1983: 418; aa, 1997: 208]. aa-ee aa e e e, aae -aae ea, e, a a eaea .

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ae ea ee aa:

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3) a eae aae e e aa- e a a a.

aea ea eee e ee ea ea aa, ea, aa, ae e ae xfrd Dictinary, Merriam Webster's Dictinary, Oxfrd Dictinary f New Wrds, Harper Dictinary f Freign Terms, Oxfrd English Dictinary, Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Ecnmist s???Hn`????.

a ea eee e ae aa. a a aae e ea e e aa e a. e 20. aae 21. a a e eee. eea aa ea ea e ea ea e a ae (a e, a a, a ea, ae e; ea ea, ea , aa a, ae, e .).

ae ee e ea: ae-aae, aa e, e e aaa, e e aaa, ae-ae e.

a a eee e aaa, ae ae. a aa, 52 a, ee, a a a , ae, a a ea, a .

ee ae e, e aa, ee e e aa ea.

ea aa ea aae ea ee a. e ae ae ee ee e aa- e e ee.

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ae aa e ea e ea.

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a aae eee a a. eae e ae aa e e e , e a e , a ae aee ae e e a. e a eaa ee a eae, a aa ee, e a e -a.

ee e ae aa aae ea e a aa-e ea, a aa a a e aa e a e aa- ae aae a e.

eee a a e, ae , e ee . eeee aae eae ee aa e aaee, e eaa ee a e: e , ea, ee aa. a ee ee e aae eae, .e. e ee e a, aae aa-. a a ee aa a- a aae a a a, aae aa eae ae eeee aa, e a .

ee e ea ae a eee e aa aa e, e aea . .A. eee a e ee a, e e ae: e, aea a e ee e ea e aea a. aa a, e e a a, ae e ee ee, ae a a [, 2003: 349].

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ee aa- ee ae ae .. e ( e aa a e ee -e, e aa- e ee ae A.. a). a e e, e a eee e e a , a . aa ae ee ea a, .e. aa, -a aae e e a e, a a ae ea - a ea a e a [e, 1969: 220].

.A. ee a aa-ee e:

1) ae ee ea a aa;

2) ae ea e, e eee ;

3) aa-eea ea, aaa aae [, 2003: 349].

a aa a eea e E.. ee aeee aee e () e e aa- e:

1) aa-a ea ae aee ae aa a aae eae aa aee ea, e e e. ee e ae aee a a - ee . e e e, eeae ea eae E, ae a a aa.

2) aeee e, ee e e ae aa- e, ee a. aa aa e ae ae ee a aa , a E, ae a- ea, e e a e a, a e, a ae eae , a, , aaee a- a [ea, 2002: 67].

3) aaa ea aea e aa aa, eae a, a, e aae, aa aee e e [ee, 1999: 318].

ee a a e a aa .A. a, e e ee. e e ee eaee a, eae e a a- ee . a aaee eae ea, aa .. aa. e ea ea e e ea ea-e. ae ea-e, e ea, a e, , aa, ea e, e ea, ee ee. ea a ea, ea ae a , a a a, e aa ae. ae ea-e ea ee aa, e, e, ee a, e ea, ee aa . eee, , aae ea ae e ea, ae, aa, , ee, . ea e ea, aae ee e, aaee a , e ee e ae e, .e. eaea ea. [a, 1988: 37]. eaea ea aae ee, e e aa aa e. a aa a a e aae ea, a a e a [eea, a 1990: 42]. eaea ea aae aae ee aae aa e. ee (aa-ee) eaee e a a a, a , a e, ea, aaea aae ee, aae ae e a ea, aa e a a.

e E.. e, eae ea e e a e a, a e, a ae eae , a, , aaee a- a. a .. e, a a e eaee ae aae, aa - eee, - eaee aea ee, ee aae aeaa. a a a aaae a ( e eee aa) eaea a, aa a ea, ee ea [ea, 2002: 67].

e ae aee ea - ea ee, eee ee e. ae aa ee ea. e a aaa ae e e . ee ee a ae a e eee aa, a a e aa aae ea, e aa aa e eae [ee, 1998: 7].

e aa-a ea, e a aa e ae ae a aaea a a. .. e ee a aee a . a aae e, a a - eea ea a a ae ae ae [e, 1996: 214]. aeae ae e ae e, aaee e a ea aee e ee eaee ee ee, ae aee a ee a. -aaa a ae a ea eea aa-a a e ea e ee e -aa aa eea. e e ee ae a eae a [aa, 2001: 55]. ea aa- e ae, a ea ae a-ee aa, ae, aae a e.

e, aae .. a, a ea. ae ea - ea, ae ea aaee aae a aa, aae ea aa e (a) ae a a e eeee -ee aa. .. a ee ee a ea: a) a, ae aee : eeae, aaee , ea a; ) e, ee eae, e a. ea ae a a , eee, e aaea, e e ee, ea eae, a ee , a , ea, eae ee ..; ) e a; ea ae a a- ae, , , a a ee aee [a, 1988: 43].

a aa . a aae, a ae a aae e aa:

1) a , a ae ae -ea aa-e a;

2) a , ae -ea e e ;

3) a , a a-ea. aa aee e eee e aee a [a, 2002: 95].

e ae e a, ea aae e a a ee, a a aae e. a aa e ee aa a e, ee eae aee a a - a. ae ee a ee aa e. ee aae ae, ee e, a e. ee ae a eaae ee a a, a ee a, e e a ee a [e, 2005: 91].

1.2 -

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, , , , , . - , . - : greenmailer, freelancer, compliance-controller, bull, bear, business angel, company doctor, dissident shareholder, black night. ?nguanxi . . , : , , . , , : F fangxiang - ,gNq shijunzi - , - , , , , , . , . , , .

-, . , , , , . , , , , , : \ can ( - ), ӈ hu'an ( - , ), ? mianyang ( - , ), ? fantong ( - ).

- . - , , . , , , , , , , [, 2005: 314]. : the almighty dollar ( ). , .. - - . , , .

1.3

. . . , . () () [, 2002: 166].

.. , , : glocalization, globophobe, globophobic, globality and globophobia. , , ghostbrand ( , , ), mass customization ( , ), brandstorming ( ) [, 2009: 203].

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21st Century Fx, ABM Industries, BJ Services Cmpany, Citrix Systems, Clgate-Palmlive, The Cca-Cla Cmpany ..

2) , . e ea, e e ea ea ea e, ee ee ee, e eae:

Dw Jnes Index -- e - , ae eee a ae a e a (30 a). aae aae e ae aa e e a, aa aa a.

Cbb-Duglas prductin functin -- a-aa, a a a Q a e a a -- aa a L aaa K. ee a eea ee. 1928 eea a ae a a a ae e a.

Giffen`s paradx -- aa ea, e e a eee aa ( a e e) eee ae a a aa. aa e a a 19 .

Lerner index -- e eea, e aae a e , ee a. ee 1934 .

Case therem -- eea a, aaa e aa a a, aea a. eea e e a e e, a e aa ea ae e ea.

Lady Macbeth strategy -- , , - , , .. " ", .

Lady Gdiva accunting principals -- , .

Matilda bnd -- , ; .

Rembrandt bnd -- , , .

Peter principle -- , : .

Tiffany list -- , ( -) [Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias].

3) , :

New-Yrk interest -- - , , , 30- .

racle f maha --

Jersey pund -- , ; 1 100 ; -- JEP (ISO 4217 ); 1:1.

a , e ae aa ( .-e. ? -- , a, a, ). e , ae eae aa- e, ee:

The ld Lady f Threadneedle Street -- -, , - , . .

Thrgmrtn Street -- -, , .

Wall Street crash -- -, - 1929 ., " ".

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guinea -- , 21 (1 1 ) , 105 ( - , 1717 ).

shillings -- , , , .

farthing -- , 1/4 .

pund sterling -- e, .

dllar -- a aae a ea a a, a aa, e, aa, ea, a, a, -a, a, , -, aa, aa, e, , ae e a, aae a, ee a, aa a, a, ee a ae, aa, a, aa, , ae, , eeae a e, e a, a a.

Penny -- a e, aea eea ea a e, ae e a a e.

Penny stck -- aea e, aa a, ee a e aaea, e ae eee aa.

Scrip -- e ea, aae aea ee e ae a.

Gdwill -- a, aa e, e a aea ee. a e aeae ee e ee a , ee ea, e .

Withhlding tax -- aea-aa e, aa aaa a a.

Bid -- aa e, ee a ee ae.

Jbber -- e, e a e e aee ea, a aeeae .

Cllateral bnds -- e aea, aaee aa. aee a e A.

Balln -- aa e, aa e, ea a e, a e a, a aa.

5) ea ea a aee ea:

dd lt -- e, a - e aa e a ee a, .e. ee 100.

Blue chips -- e, aa a a- e, aa, aae ae .

Crawling (r sliding) peg -- aae ( e) e, eaae a ae eaa. ae ( aa ea), eee eeee eeeee "aa" "aa" (ae, 0.25% a ee).

Silver bullet -- eea , ee aee aae aaae eee e.

6) eae ee:

a. eeee (e, ae e eae eea - , ee e): aunt Millie, mther Hubbard clause, gdfather ffer, grandfather clause, grandfathered activities, Granny bnds, junir bnd, mm-and-pp stre, married put, marrying price, rphan stck, prblem child, seven sisters, Siamese shares, twin shares, weak sister, widw-and-rphan stcks.

b. Aee e (e, ae a eae , a ee): ankle biter, arm's length transactin, belly up, bareft pilgrim, blind brker, blind pl, blind trust, face interest rate, face value, ftlse industries, jawbne, head and shulders, lifting a leg, legging ut, skeletn accunt, strng hands, weak hands.

c. Oee e (e, ae a e ea e- ae): blue list, green bnd, green fund, green investing, greenwashing, green revlutin, glden bt, glden hall, glden share, glden handshakes, glden handcuffs, giltedged securities, green investing, grey list, grey market, in the pink, pink sheets, range gds, mn-lighting, rainbw, red chip, red gds, redlining, silver bnd, white-she firm, yellw knight.

d. Oaee e (e, ae a eae, e aea a, aee a): eating stck, financial menu, falling knife, macarni defense, marzipan layer, plain vanilla, prk bellies, piechart, piecemeal ptin, pt, salad il scandal, sandwich generatin, Tequila crisis, three-martini launch, waiters.

e. e-e e (e, aae ea, e ee e ): anchr capital, shtgun apprach, glden parachute, gun jumping, radar alert, nminal anchr, nn-revlver, shrt anchr, safe harbr, trped stck debt bmb, camuflage cmpensatin, sluice gate price, trigger price, price war, war chest.

f. e e (e, aae ea, e e ): dumbbell, sccer mm indicatr, hckey stick bidding, hurdle rate, jb-hunting, headhunt.

7) ee ea e . . a . ea, e ea e a ee e e, a ee e e ee ea e, e e ee ea, e ae e a ee aa. [a, , 1980: 342]. ee ea e e e ae ee aea ea a a.

Marshall plan: a eaa ae ea, aee. aa aae a ee e . aa e ae eea A aaa (.), ee e a e aa eee 1947.

Black Mnday -- C 19 1987 ., - ( 22,6%), ; 508 ; , 28 1929 ., 12,8%.

Black Friday -- ׸ , . ; " " 24 1869 ., , ; 1873 ., .

Single-tax mvement -- ee a e a. 19- ee e e a aea aa a ee e aa a eee a.

8) a ea aea , ae:

Libr (Lndn interbank ffered rate) -- eaa ea aa ea, aa e e a a.

Caps (Cnvertible Adjustable Preferred Stck) -- eee eae a

DPI -- , a e a aa ()

DBV (Delivery By Value) -- aa e a a eee aee eee

MTN (Medium-Term Nte) -- eea a

IBO (Investr-led Buy-ut) -- e e a eee

GAAP (Generally Accepted Accunting Principles) -- ee ae ea

EOQ (Ecnmic rder Quantity) -- e ae e

ABS (Asset-Backed Securities) -- ee a, eeee aa.

BIC (Bank Investment Cntract) -- a e a.

ea a e e aa e, ee, ee aa a, e a e a e ee ae, ae a -e aa.

Cartel -- ae, a e ee ae. e , ee e (a, e, e), ae ee, eee a ae, ae a e ae. ea ae : eaae, e , a, ae ae, eae a, aae a , a a. ee, a a, aa a. ae ae ea. e a (e ae aee) aae ee a aaea; aa, a, ae aee e e ea e, aaa aea e, ae e e e a.

Demand-side management, ae e e aee a eee aa A, a a.

2.2 -

e a a e a [, 2013]. e O.. , e a a - aa a e eaa ae, eaea a ee a e ea a a; ae a e [, 1998: 203]. ee a aeae eaee, a-e a, a e, ee a a e, a ae a ee aee a.

.A. a ea: e a a - eaae e aee, e a- eee a eea e [a, 1965: 43]. a e , ae, ae e e a.

a e ee - aa . aee e ea a ee e aee eea, aea e. ae, e ?I yufu aa ? yu aaee t fu aa. e cunkuan a cun eea kuan eea a. e a ae aae e aee. e ؊ jiekuan a jie aa kuan eea a.

e ea e a e aa e. a a, ae a e a a. e eaa e a aaea (75,5 %) [, 1964: 234].

ae, e d zujin aea aa d zu aea jin e; d zushui a - d zu aea shui a. e e - e ? ganyu ee gan ea ? yu aaee. aaee e a aea a ee aee ea - e e e ea a ea e , e e e e e, e aee e e ee e. a e.

aa-aa e e a e a ee ea. a , aae aa a a a ea.

ee a e e a ea ae ae 3000 4500 e aa. a e ee e ea e "aa", " / a", "mnger", a ae e a, ae "e", eae "e e" e e ae ee.

aa a a a a ee ea ( eee ee). e aa e , a a a a ee 1024. eaa ee ae a ee a eaae a ae e a ea, ae, a:

q jiazi a paper currency in Nrthern Sng dynastyG aa aa (. , 1023.ae,aee - aeee ae e).

? qianyin Sng paper mneyG aa (a ) 1109.

q huizi Sng paper mneyG aa (a ) 1195.

15 ee e ee ea ae ee aea. a a ee e e ea, a e , e e a ?liang a ( 36 a). ee ee aae ea a a a ae ee ea. eea ea e e eee ( ): 1 ??yinlinag ae = 10 ?yinyuan e = 100 ?Otongban = 1000 ?? tongqian (ee a).

yuan a aa a e ee e 1835 . 1889 a a aee a 10 ?qian , 100 fen e, 1000 ??yuanbao a aee 0,72 a, , a ae- e, e ae aee a a e.

1935 a eea eea ea, eee a ae aee a -- @? fabi a.

ee ee 1948 e eae a ae 0,22217 a e e ae e -- jinyuan e a, a e ea a (3 . a a 1 a).

ea 1948 a a a a. ae a e ee e, ee a aa, ae aa a aa a -- l? renminbi e (ae e), e ea ee ee - a.

1999 a, ea e a 1 fen e, 2 e, 5 e, 1 p jia e, 5 e 1 a [ a ee].

a a , ee ea, aa e ae a 20-21 ee.

1978 . ?E??ѥ????? jihuajingjiyoushichangtiaojieweifu a , e eae a, 1984 . 1987 . e e e aa aa aa a, 1987-1989 . a e , ???A???? guojiatiaojieshichangCshichangtiaojieqiye a ee , a ee e, 1989-1991 . - Ln?X??O?E????? youjidejiehejingyushichangjingjideshichangtiaojie ae ea a eae a, 1993 . aa a e FЉ???? zhongguoteseshehuizhuyishichangjingji aea a a a e [ ].

:

Ks heishi -- black-market; .

䕕? ziwofengbi -- economic self-seclusin; a.

?i?? shibukedangdebiange -- sweeping transfrmatin; aae eaa

ꍑ? yiguliangzhi -- ne Cuntry Tw Systems; a aa - e e | e, eea aae 1980- , e ea a, , aa aa e ee aaee ee ee e, e a a a e a eaa aea ea.

sV? buzhengzhifeng -- unhealthy tendency; ea , ea ;

??? lunzipaibei -- thery and senirity; aaa a e [eea, 2007].

ee e aa ee a e e , , ae a e. e ee ae a ae: \N_C\NC\N??AQ~?A \Ns. e a a ee ae: \NC\NC?ET . . e e a e, aee ee: \N_ shinianhaojie e e e, \N shinianneiluan e e e e, \N? shinianneizhan e e aa , ?ET yichanghaojie e e.

Ca ae ea e eee aae, ee ee, , a aae , a , a eee aa aae aa a-e ee, e e 1978 . (ae, ?? daguofan aa).

NЉ xiakangshehui -- society in which the material needs of most citizens are adequately met; ; .

??J tiefanwan -- irn rice bwl; aa aa, e ea.

lI꘢I? -- growing peple's living standards; .

?j? kudaneixu -- bsting dmestic demand; a e .

Ca ae, e ee aa e, .e. e ee a e .

aae ae a e e a ae a ae e a I??_? zhongguodejingjiqiji ae ee , Љ???? shehuizhuyishichangjingji aea a a.

:

?? dalure -- mainland rush (of visitors from Taiwan); ae (a aae).

]???? chaiqianpeichangfei -- cmpensatin f demlitin; eae aaee.

Z[? zhufangjintie -- ccmmdatin allwance; e a a eae .

l zhngjianren -- intermediaries; e.

c yibashu -- number ne reflects the maximum leader f an rganized unitG a aa.

?ɲ huwujia -- carg priceG e (e) e.

kuli -- coolieG eae ae e a eea aa a a aa e, eee eee a aa a a a e aa.

s? shi chang -- market in ChinaG ae.

ꉻ?n teshuhuaguanxi -- special personal connection with the shopkeeper; eae e aea aa.

?? jinjidiaodu --intervention schedule; a a ea e a ae ee aa ae.

...

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