Factors of influence on economic basis of the regional institutions of social services

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The Deputy of the Chief of the Department of planning, financing and labor remuneration of the budget organizations of the Ministry of the Social Defense of Khabarovsk Territory(Khabarovsk).

Factors of influence on economic basis of the regional institutions of social services

V.A. Valova

One of the strategic goals of the social and economic policy of Khabarovsk Territory for the intermediate term (2007 - 2010) is protection of socially vulnerable strata of the population [3].

The main reasons that contribute to the growth of the need of seniors and disabled people in social services are low income, seclusion and poor health. These strata are the most exposed ones. social defense power municipal

In order to satisfy the needs of people in social services there is the network of social welfare institutions in Khabarovskiy krai, which includes 64 social institutions and their structural sub-units (SISS hereafter). In accordance with the Federal Law № 122-FL promulgated on August 22, 2004 “On alteration into the laws of the RF and the declaration of stale of some laws of the RF”, fifty SISS realize state powers of Khabarovskiy krai [5]. Stationary institutions are the most demanded forms of the social services.

The network of small old people's homes has been developing during recent years based on the municipal property with the planned capacity from 10 to 79 people. The network is financed through the krai subventions.

The development of the small old people's homes for seniors and disabled people, especially in villages and remote municipalities, is the forward-looking field of work. Municipal governments, non-governmental organizations, funds should take an active part in such a development. Placement of lonely seniors and disabled people into such homes solves the problem of their living in home towns and villages without disturbance their usual way of living and environment.

Governmental bodies that are in charge of social defense take appropriate measures to strengthen material and technical bases of the SISS. Over 87 million rubles were spent for overhauls of the SISS in 2007.

Apart from SISS, there is the system of non-stationary and half-stationary forms of social services. In order to provide people with timely social assistance there are 14 centers of social services (including the complex ones), 5 centers on social work with people in the krai. The existing network was enlarged due to opening of the municipal institution “Centre for people's social services” of the Nickolayevskiy municipal district in 2007.

The research shows that provision of social services at home is the foreground task of work with seniors and handicapped people. Social services stipulated by the list of guaranteed services are got by 64% of the people who obtain these services at home.

The analysis highlights that social institutions rendered chargeable services to the amount of 3,9 million rubles in 2007 that is 700 thousand rubles more than in 2006. These funds are used for the SISS development and social workers labor stimulation. Supplementary social amenities were got by more than 20 thousand seniors and invalids in social welfare centers of the krai.

The examination of the existing model of social services also outlines the fact that such initial social services as social amenities and urgent social assistance are fully provided [1].

However, there is a splash in medical services demand. Moreover, it's very important to provide social and medical services at home.

The gained experience of work of the specialized departments of social and medical services at home of the seniors and invalids in the Centers of social services allows to teach relatives how to take care of invalids, how to hire a sick-nurse, how to teach handicapped people to self-serve at home or to use rehabilitation facilities.

In order to help seniors and invalids to cope with isolation as well as to organize a complex physiological recovery system there are day departments in the centers in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Soviet-Gavanskiy municipal districts that provide people with such services as gymnastics, autogenic training, clubs and groups to the sum up to 60 thousand rubles.

One of the new ways to provide social services has become the development of special homes for veterans.

More than 1000 veterans live in 5 special veterans' homes and 118 social apartments that have allowed solving the problem with social apartments for the participants of the Great Patriotic War.

Satisfaction of the vital needs of seniors and handicapped people has become an overall goal of the social sphere including social defense, health services and education. What is not less important is that this kind of the implementation depends on coordinated decisions and actions of the authorities.

Beginning from 2001 there has been working “The Khabarovskiy krai Center of social adaptation for people in extreme situations” that is aimed to support people who happen to be in extreme life situations. Annually more than 60 % of the rehabilitees are people who used to have an apartment and a job in Khabarovsk, but were deprived of it.

A special attention is paid by social services bodies to preventive measures of the social orphan hood, child neglect, minor delinquency etc.

Therefore, the SISS play an important role in preventive measures of the social orphan hood, child neglect and minor delinquency. Sixteen institutions of the social services for families and children improve their material and technical basis every year. The development of the social services for families and children demonstrated a positive trend in 2006. These institutions provided services to the amount of 309 thousand rubles for 35 thousand children in 2006 and to the amount of 253 thousand rubles for 32 thousand children. The quantity of paid services of the Rehabilitation Center for disabled children and youth in Komsomolsk-on-Amur that has a hi-tech equipment has increased dramatically.

Taking into account the fact that labor force is one of the strategic resources of the region, it is advisable to research the provision of the SISS of Khabarovskiy krai with specialists. For instance, the governmental statistic shows that the quantity of the workers of the SISS was 4832 in the beginning of 2008 including 50 % of workers of the stationary social institutions (boarding homes, psycho neurological homes, boarding schools and kindergartens).

The dynamics of the SISS workers quantity is presented in the Table 1.

Table 1

The increase of the workers quantity up to 4087 in 2007 in comparison with 2759 workers in 2000 was conditioned by annual measures and new SISS opening targeted to improve life standards and social services quality.

Despite the increase of the SISS workers, the problem of the qualified specialists lack still exists. Low salary (about 40% to the average salary in the krai) is the main reason for the labor force flow-out of this field.

The work conditions are specific. Social workers deal with old people, invalids, disabled people, neglected children, teens that have behavioral deviations, children who experience life shocks. All these demands special knowledge and skills, professionalism and ability to make a right decision in an unusual situation.

In order to shorten this gap, the workers take part in training programs, raising their skills, methodological seminars, conferences and probation periods in the universities of Khabarovskiy krai and the Russian Federation.

I suppose that the SISS development of the Khabarovskiy krai will need extra work force involvement. The success of such a development depends on solving the problems with specialists' rotation, education, training, skills rising, methodological assistance and accommodation.

In spite of all taken measures in the field of social services and defense of the krai population, there are such problems as [3]:

- waiting list for stationary institutions of social services still exists;

- there is growth of poor families with under-aged;

- the quantity of neglected children, teenagers and minors with behavioral deviations is constantly increasing.

Demographic and social situation in the krai is quite problematic. It is characterized by population aging tendency, growth of poor and unsuccessful families that happen to be in extreme situation, invalids quantity increase. Therefore, researches reveal that the SISS do not meet the growing demand in such institutions.

It is also necessary to form the network of social institutions in such towns and some remote municipal districts of the krai as Khabarovsk, Amursk and Solnechniy, Nickolayevskiy, Ohotskiy, Polina Osipenko, Lazo municipal districts [2].

Consequently, it is obvious that financing of the SISS development should prerequisite the following factors:

1) Provision of the comfortable conditions and qualified service of the SISS [4];

2) Further improvement of the SISS network in towns, remote districts, acceleration of the implementation of the up-to-date services in villages;

3) Improvement of the payment system of the social workers;

4) Preventing highly qualified personnel from dismissing through establishing an effective budget funds management aimed at the result of work.

These measures of the social defense system development are supposed to allow providing the needy (those who needs state support) with qualified vital services. Therefore, it will help to improve social and demographic situation in the krai.

To insure state guarantees and social services governmental bodies will continue development of the SISS system in krai till 2010 [3], thus, the activities will include:

- reconstruction and enlargement of the existing social institutions for old people and invalids;

- construction and reconstruction of social and rehabilitation centers for minors and under aged.

It is supposed that more than 140 million rubles will be spent for the purposes of the social network modernization.

In accordance with the forecast, provision of the population with stationary social services institutions for old people, invalids will increase up to 21% that will be 27 sleeping places per 10000 people.

Literature and the sources

1. Decree of the Government of Khabarovskiy krai № 38-pr (04/26/2005) “On social service of old people, invalids, citizens who happen to be in a difficult life situation, neglected children on the territory of Khabarovskiy krai”.

2. Decree of the Government of Khabarovskiy krai № 120-pr (10/10/2005) “On realization of the Decree of the Head of Administration of Khabarovskiy krai № 427 (10/06/2001) “On main ways of the development of social services institutions for war and labor veterans, invalids, old people, children from poor families for the period of 2002 - 2005” and measures of development of social services institutions from 2006 till 2010”.

3. Decree of the Government of Khabarovskiy krai № 9-pr (01/30/2007) “On the forecast of social and economic development of Khabarovskiy krai till 2010”.

4. Kudracheva, L. F. Liberal way of social defense development. - Perm : Permskiy state University Press, 2002.

5. Decree of the Government of Khabarovskiy krai № 28-pr (04/05/2005) “On the list of financial funds for realization of the state plenary powers on social defense and social services of the specified social stratums by municipal authorities”.

Annotation

The article deals with problems of the institutions of social services and defense development in Khabarovsk Territory. The paper highlights the factors that influence the success of realization of the plenary powers of the municipal authorities on social defense of the specified social strata.

Key words: social defense of seniors, invalids and neglected children, institutions of social services and defense development, social service of population.

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