"Revolution"

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23.08.2020
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The article discusses the mechanism of translation of composite terms in the scientific and technical field containing semi-affixes of Greek and Latin origin from European languages into Chinese. Examples are given confirming the productivity of semantic borrowing of these lexical units. The morphological and stylistic features of single-level translation correspondences, the problems of their morphemic status are noted. The article emphasizes the importance of systematization of knowledge on the technology of borrowing terms to solve problems in the field of translation.

Keywords: tracing paper, Chinese, morphemes, neoclassical formatives, scientific and technical terms, technical translation, semi-affixes.

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, . : anti-, -chrome, di-, -gram, -graph, hemi-, holo-, hydro-, hypo-, hyper-, iso-, mega-, meter-, micro-, macro-, mono-, -morph, neo-, pan-, -phore, poly-, proto-, pseudo-, super-, trans-, ultra- . , .

- . , [1, .139]:

anti- fan (-, -): antigravityd, antimatter, antilogarithm, antineutronq;

hemi- bn (): hemicube, hemicycleԲ, hemimetabolism̬, hemisphere;

holo- Squn (): holomorphicfunctionS, holocrystallineS, holozoicSӪ;

iso- dng (): isometric, isoscelesC, isotonic?Cisobarѹ;

-logywxu (, ) biologyw, geologynѧ, morphology`̬ѧ, philologyѧ;

pseudo- jia (): pseudo-acid_, pseudo-basalt, pseudo-crystal, pseudosymmetryԳ.

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anti- fan , Rkng : antispam??ʼ (- + + ), anti-phishing (- + ), anti-malwaresoftwareRʽ (- + + ), anti-virussoftwareRԲ (- + + + );

hypercho: hyperlink{, (- + + ), hypertext{ (- + ), extensiblehypertextmarkuplanguage (XHTML) 䳬ıʾ ( + + - + + + ), hypermedia} (- + );

microwi: microblog㤎u (- + + ), microchip (- + + , ), microcomputer^ (- + + ), microprocessor (- + + );

multidu: multimedia} (- + ), multipleaccess? (- + + ), multiplexerH (- + + ), multiprocessor (- + + ), multiprogramming (- + + ).

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endo- ni: endocrineglandB (- + + ), endodermis (- + + ), endoparasite񐶕 (- + < .. + ), endoscopy (- + + , + );

-itisyn: appendicitisβ ( + ), bronchitisxlj ( + ), conjunctivitisĤ ( + + ), meningitisĤ ( + + );

mono- dn: monohybridinheritanceŴ (- + + ), mononucleotide (- + + + ), monosaccharide (- + ), + monosomeȾɫ (- + < + );

-philnsh: basophiln?ϸ ( + + ), eosinophilnϸ ( + + ), neutrophilnϸ ( + + + ), thermophilicnȵ ( + ).

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anti-phishing - `phishing' (ph>f, phishing>fishing ) . ?`թƭ ( + , );

antispam - `spam', , . junkmail??ʼ;

microblog - blog<weblog, , 㤎u< , +u , ;

monosome - monosome<mono + chromosome, , - + F ;

computer - . , .

, , . , , , . , .. ( , ) , . ., , [4, C. 77-78].

. ., (semi-words), . , : , [5, .261].

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. , , (, wi), , : microbe, microcosm, miscroelectronics; ΢microscopeC”differentiable, ΢microform. ( , , , , : (. [5, . 272-274]).

() . , : cho, hyper-, super-, - , , , : , o , sy !

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- : ultra-mobile PC (UMPC) ƶ, hyperlink{, hypertext{, hypermedia}, supercomputer, superuserû (: ultra-, hyper-, super-);

- : diphthongo, 񍇌, pseudosymmetryԳ , αԳ;

- : cryptographickeys (crypto- ), holographySӰ (holo- S), autolysis̗n (-lysisn);

- : Androidnzhu (andro- , );

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1. .. ( ) / . . - ., , 1990. - 253 c.

2. .. / . - .: , 1989. - 318 .

3. Wiedenhof J. A Grammar of Mandarin. / J.Wiedenhof - Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co., 2015. - 502 p.

4. Packard J.L. The Morphology of Chinese. A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach / J.L. Packard - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. - 335 p.

5. Pirani L. Bound Roots in Mandarin Chinese and Comparison With European Semi-Words / L Pirani - Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics,. 2008. Volume 1. Columbus, Ohio: TheOhioStateUniversity - P. 261-277.

6. Hung-YehTiee H. The Productive Affixes in Mandarin Chinese Morphology / H.Hung-YehTiee - Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Online Journal [] - URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1979.11435670 (: 15.05.2019)

7. - - / , .. - :; .: , 1995 - 855 .

8. English-ChineseDictionary. [ ] - URL: https://www.linguee.com/english-chinese/ ( : 18.06.2019)

9. DK Oxford Illustrated English-Chinese Dictionary. Beijing: Foreign Languages Teaching & Research Press, 2005. - 1243 p.

10. Pan Wenguo A study of Chinese morphology / Wenguo Pan, Buqing Ye, Yang Han - Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2004. - 549 p.

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