Pecularities of linguistic’s development and imposition of slang ("Pygmalion" by Bernard Shaw)

("Pygmalion" by Bernard Shaw)

Halyna Tsaryk, Pecularities of linguistic's development and imposition of slang (“Pygmalion” by Bernard Shaw). Наукові записки Національного університету «Острозька академія»: серія «Філологія». Острог: Вид-во НаУОА, 2019. Вип. 6(74), червень. С.102-104.

Halyna Tsaryk, Danylo Halytsky LNMU

Main problems of the slang translation are considered and also the research of slang units' samples is represented; the samples are extracted from the given text with the analysis of their means of translation into the Ukrainian language. Also such problems were highlighted: usage and analysis of the rhyming cockney slang and the difficulties during translation of atypical English lexis of the language in the “Pygmalion” play. In this chapter slang units' samples were investigated. The achieved results of research can be used in different educational disciplines, dictionaries and methodological manuals compilation.

Key words: slang units, cockney, samples, imposition of slang.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛІНГВІСТИЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТА ІМПОЗИЦІЇ СЛЕНГУ («ПІГМАЛІОН» БЕРНАРДА ШОУ)

Царик Галина Михайлівна,

ЛНМУ імені Данила Галицького

Оскільки актуальність дослідження роботи полягала у необхідності вивчення специфіки перекладу сленгових одиниць на прикладі п'єси Бернарда Шоу “Пігмаліон”, то метою дослідження було зіставлення та розгляд особливостей формування, функціонування, імпозиції (впливу) та перекладу сленгу у творі. Автор зазначила, що розвиток мови постійно перебуває у динаміці, і сленг, як наслідок, змінюється і трансформується у свою чергу. У роботі представлене дослідження сленгових одиниць (кокні) та їх впливу на фонетику, граматику, лексику та орфографію як мові-оригіналі, так і у перекладі на українську.

Ключові слова: сленгові одиниці, кокні, приклади, вплив сленгу.

This article is dedicated to studying of the translation's specific features of English slang lexemes in equivalence to the Ukrainian language. The language is the only mean with the help of which the cultures can express themselves, their essentiality. The language reflects culturally-historical background of each epoch, and as a rule, is fully understood by people who live in this particular epoch.

Slang actively reacts on all events in life. It picks up and reflects new phenomena and during their transformations changes itself. Though on this particular stage of linguistics' development and translation study slang is still remains the problem that is not studied enough, which needs to be further investigated.

The actual value of the research is to learn the specifics of the slang units' interpretation on the example of «Pygmalion» play, written by Bernard Shaw.

The aim of the research is to specify the peculiarities of slang lexemes translation based on the English composition and its equivalent in the Ukrainian language. linguistic imposition slang

According to the aim of the research the paper involves solution of certain specific tasks:

1) to determine slang notion in the language system and to analyse the English slang origin and fields of its use;

2) to consider the peculiarities of slang forming and functioning in the modern linguistics;

3) to expose slang's specific features on the example of “Pygmalion” play by B. Shaw in the Ukrainian translation by O. Mokro- volskyi “nimanioH”;

4) to investigate the difficulties during translation of the atypical lexemes of the English language in “Pygmalion” play.

The object of the paper is slang lexems in the English language and their equivalents in Ukrainian.

The subject of the paper is the peculiarities and methods of slang units' translation from English into Ukrainian.

The material of the research consists of slang units, in particular, the rhymed cockney slang from the B. Shaw's “Pygmalion” composition and their equivalents in the Ukrainian language; and also slang units from the dictionaries of modern English and Ukrainian slang.

The following methods of research are used in the paper: general scientific methods: synthesis and analysis of material according to the results of literature surveying; induction for results' generalization of separate concrete observations; deduction is used for conclusions formimg - from the general to specific one, and also special linguistic methods: descriptive method - for language's slang units inventorying and the explanation of their construction and functioning in English society at the middle of XX century, basing on the “Pygmalion” composition by B. Shaw and its translation made by O. Mokrovolskiy “nimanioH”; comparative method - for identifying English slang lexemes' specific characters via their methodical comparison with the equivalents in the Ukrainian language; transformational analysis - to determine the English slang lexems' means of reproduction in the Ukrainian language; quantitative analysis - for providing the adequacy of the received results.

The scientific novelty of the received results. Three means of English lexems reproduction (of the “Pygmalion” play in Ukrainian translation by O. Mokrovolskiy “nimanioH”) have been established for the first time in the given master's research, namely the mean of compensatory translation, mean of equivalent slang units selection and mean of descriptive translation. The most frequently used mean of translation English slang lexemes is identified, and it is represented by the mean of compensatory translation - 57%, the lowest percentage of usage belongs to the mean of descriptive translation - 2%.

Practical significance of the received results is subjected to its possibility of being used in conducting such academic disciplines as “General linguistics” (“Phonological system of language”, “Lexically-sematic system of language”), “Comparative-historical and typological linguistics” (“Comparative lexicology”), “Contrastive typology of the English and Ukrainian languages”, “The modern Ukrainian literary language” (“Lexicology”). Also this work contributes into research of relation of “language-society” problem in the translation study context.

Results of the research and worked-up actual material can be used during compiling of educational and methodical manuals for philological faculties' students in the universities and institutes.

The significance of chosen topic is highlighted, also the choice of investigation's object and subject is revealed, the aim and specific problems are determined and also composition of the paper's structure is described. The following aspects are considered: theoretical problems, connected with the slang's position in the system of language; options of English areal slangs, their inconstancy on the background of different culturally-historical epochs, provenance of the sources and fields of common parlance's usage. Also main means of English and Ukrainian slang units forming are researched and compared.

Main problems of the slang translation are considered and also the research of slang units' samples is represented; the samples are extracted from the given text with the analysis of their means of translation into the Ukrainian language. Also such problems were highlighted: usage and analysis of the rhyming cockney slang and the difficulties during translation of atypical English lexis of the language in the “Pygmalion” play. In this chapter 130 slang units' samples were investigated.

In general conclusion the results of investigation that have been made, determine achieved aims and results of complete analysis. On the basis of slang samples taken from the dictionaries of the English and Ukrainian languages and slang samples extracted from the “Pygmalion” play by B. Shaw and its Ukrainian translation “Pygmalion” by O. Mokrovolskiy we conclude that slang is the dynamic phenomenon that depends on the area of usage, the status and profession of people who use it and greatly influences language on different levels (phonetics, lexics, grammar, and even orphography).

In the future prospect the achieved results of research can be used in different educational disciplines, dictionaries and methodological manuals compilation. Also the topic of specific English slang lexemes translation can be investigated in the publicistic style.

Appendix

Constectual usage of different types of cockney slang

References

1. Ayto J. The Oxford Dictionary of Slang. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. 474 p.

2. Bradley H. Slang. The Encyclopaedia Britannica. 13th ed. London: The Britannica, Inc., 1926. Vol. 25. P. 207-210.

3. Coman A., Shephard R. Language is! Lnd., Sydney, 1972.

4. Drake G. F. The Social Role of Slang. Language: Social Psychological Perspectives / Ed. by H. Giles. Oxford: Pergamon Press, P. 63-70.

5. Eble C. Slang and Sociability: in-group language among college students. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press,

228 p.

6. Flexner S.B. Preface to the Dictionary of American Slang. New Dictionary of American Slang [comp. by R. Chapman]. New Harper and Row, 1986. P. XVII-XXVin.

7. Franklyn J. A Dictionary of Rhyming Slang. Учебное пособие. L.: London, 1994. 380 с.

8. Galperin I. R. Stylistics. Учебное пособие. М., 1992. 376 с.

9. Green J. Rhyming Slang. Critical Quarterly. 2003. № 1(2). С. 220-226.

10. Greenough J.B., Kittredge G.L. Words and their Ways in English Speech. N.Y.: The Macmillian, 1929. 318 p.

11. Holms J. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. N.Y.: Longman, 1997. 412 p.

12. Kennedy X. J. Literature. An Introduction To Fiction, Poetry, And Drama. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1979.

13. Kukharenko, V. A. A Book of Practice in Stylistics. Вінниця: Нова книга, 2000. 160 с.

14. Labov, W. The Study of Non-Standard English. Champaign, Ill.: National Council of Teachers of English, 1970. 73 p.

15. Lighter, J.E. Introduction: What is Slang? Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang [comp. by J. Lighter/ edited by J. Sheidlower]. New York: Random House, 1994. Vol. 1. P. XI-XXXVII.

16. Mencken H. L. The American Language. N.Y.: A.A.Knopf, 1992. 333 p.

17. Partridge E. Slang Today and Yesterday. N.Y.: The Macmillian, 1934. 476 p.

18. Shaw, B. Two Plays. Ростов-на-Дону: Феникс, 2001.

19. Sledd J. On Not Teaching English Usage. English Journal. N.Y.: Random House, 1965. Vol. 54. P. 698-703.

20. Thorne T. Dictionary Of Contemporary Slang. London: A & C Black, 2007. 494 p.

21. The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. Macropaedia. 15th ed. Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., 1993. Vol. 10. P. 871-872.

22. Wherrett D. A Dictionary Of Cockney Rhyming Slang. - a watchya.com Publication, 2010. 77 p.

Размещено на Allbest.ru