Laryngeal zed vowels and laryngeal zed consonants in the history of the Totonac an languages of Mexico
These sound changes can be explained as being due to different mechanisms of glottalization regarding of consonants. Apapantilla Totonac and Zapotitlan de Mеndez remain conservative in their treatment of the original Proto-Totonacan laryngealized vowels.
| Рубрика | Иностранные языки и языкознание |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 18.03.2022 |
| Размер файла | 238,7 K |
Отправить свою хорошую работу в базу знаний просто. Используйте форму, расположенную ниже
Студенты, аспиранты, молодые ученые, использующие базу знаний в своей учебе и работе, будут вам очень благодарны.
The rules for the development of Misantla Totonac can be presented as follows.
*Sцх ЃЁ SV; *T(S)цх ЃЁ T(S)'V, *Rцх ЃЁ R'V,
(R stands here for any sonorant, S for any sibilant and T for any stop.)
Accepting the loss of laryngealization after sibilants in Misantla Totonac, we automatically imply the existence of a system of modal vowels, plain consonants, and glottalized consonants at a certain period in history, when laryngealized vowels are eliminated, but glottalized stops, affricates, and sonorants are introduced in their place.
Interestingly, in the recordings of Misantla Totonac published by Carolyn MacKay (2012) laryngealization on vowels following stops and affricates is often heard close to the preceding consonant -- a situation reminiscent of the one described by Herman Aschmann for Coyutla Totonac.
It is possible that after the loss of laryngealization in vowels after sibilants had been completed in Misantla Totonac, some new laryngealized vowels were introduced from other sources for the words 'hin `smoke', mi'sin `jaguar', tahi:n `thunder' and Ju:n `bitter'. I was unable to find any specific conditions which might be responsible for the new laryngealized vowels It is tempting to suggest that laryngealization in at least two examples come from the lost final vowel: hin `smoke', cf. *hini, and Ju:n `bitter', cf. *Ju:ni. However, some counterexamples do not allow me to postulate such a rule: 'fv.n `pus', cf. *fv.na. The word mi sin `jaguar' would not be covered by this development.. The comparisons suggest that we need a further study of Misantla Totonacan laryngealized vowels after fricatives, perhaps involving the use of instrumental phonetic methods. Such a study is made all the more urgent by the fact that Misantla Totonac is a highly endangered language.
Conclusions
Analysis of the distribution of laryngealized and plain vowels relative to preceding consonants in Totonacan languages results in several findings, some of them of considerable typological interest. First, in at least three Totonacan languages, laryngealized vowels are banned following the glottal fricative or its phonetic reflexes. Second, Papantla Totonac and Coyutla Totonac can be described as systems of plain and glottalized stops, affricates and sibilants. This system developed from an earlier contrast between modal and laryngealized vowels. Third, Misantla Totonac can be described as having a system of plain and glottalized stops, affricates and sonorants, at least when viewed in comparative and historical perspective. This system, too, has developed from an earlier system of modal and laryngealized vowels. It is possible to show that both Papantla Totonac and Misantla Totonac are innovative in this respect, and, correspondingly, Apapantilla Totonac and Zapotitlan de Mйndez Totonac preserve the original system of modal and laryngealized vowels. Thus, these two languages are of special importance for the reconstruction of proto-Totonacan laryngealized vowels.
It is expected that laryngealized vowels tend to evolve differently depending on the preceding consonants, since glottalized stops, sibilants and sonorants involve different mechanisms of articulation. An unexpected finding is that laryngealized vowels can result in the development of glottalized consonants.
From the acoustic point of view, phonologically glottalized consonants in Papantla Totonac and Misantla Totonac (and in some Tepehua languages) are plain consonants followed by laryngealized vowels. Cross-linguistically, this is quite unusual. It is possible that laryngealized stops, affricates and sibilants might be a better term to describe them, allowing us to distinguish them from phonetically ejective consonants -- hence the title given to the present paper.
totonac mеndez laryngealized treatment
References
1. Alarcon Montero, Rafael. 2008. Indicios acusticos de las vocales rechinadas del totonaco. In: Pedro Martin Butragueno & Esther Herrera Zendejas (coords.). Fonologia instrumental: patrones fфnicos y variaciфn, 89-105. Mexico: El Colegio de Mexico.
2. Arana Osnaya, Evangelina. 1953. Reconstruction del proto-totonacano. In: Ignacio Bernal & Eusebio Davalos Hurtado (eds.). Huastecos, totonacos y sus vecinos / Revista mexicana de estudios antropolфgicos 13(2/3): 123-130.
3. Aschmann, Elizabeth D. 1984. The relative clause in Highland Totonac. SIL Mexico Workpapers 6: 1-27.
4. Aschmann, Herman P. 1946. Totonaco phonemes. International Journal of American Linguistics 12(1): 34-43.
5. Aschmann, Herman P. 1962. Vocabulario totonaco de la sierra. Serie de vocabularios indigenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”, vol. 7. Instituto Mexico: Instituto Lingьistico de Verano.
6. Aschmann, Herman P. 1973. Diccionario totonaco de Papantla. Vocabularios y Diccionarios Indigenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves” vol. 16. Mexico: Instituto Lingьistico de Verano.
7. Aschmann, Herman P. 1983. Vocabulario totonaco de la sierra. Serie de vocabularios indigenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”, vol. 7. Segunda edition. Mexico: Instituto Lingьistico de Verano.
8. Aschmann, Herman P. 2000. Coyutla Dictionary. Bartholomew Collection of Unpublished Materials SIL International, Mexico Branch.
9. Aschmann, Herman P., William L. Wonderly. 1952. Affixes and implicit categories in Totonac verb inflection. International Journal of American Linguistics 18(3): 130-145.
10. Beck, David. 2004. Upper Necaxa Totonac. Munich: Lincom.
11. Beck, David. 2006. The emergence of ejective fricatives in Upper Necaxa Totonac. University of Alberta Working Papers in Linguistics 1.
12. Beck, David. 2011. Upper Necaxa Totonac dictionary. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
13. Brown, Cecil H., David Beck, Grzegorz Kondrak, James K. Watters, Soren Wichmann. 2011. Totozoquean. International Journal of American Linguistics 77(3): 323-372.
14. Castro Guevara, Carlo Antonio. 2011. Lйxico misanteca. Mexico: IIA-UNAMU.
15. Christiansen, Landis G. 1937. Totonaco. Investigaciones lingьisticas 4: 151-153.
16. Davletshin, Albert. 2014. Los sustantivos, adverbios y adjetivos ideofфnicos en el tepehua de Pisaflores, Veracruz, Mйxico. Ponencia presentada en el Primer Congreso Internacional de Investigaciones sobre el Mundo Totonaco, Lipuntahuaca Huehuetla, Puebla, 27-29 de agosto, 2014.
17. Davletshin, Albert. 2016. Glottalization of stops and affricates in San Pedro Tziltzacuapan Tepehua, Veracruz, Mexico. Paper presented at the II Workshop on the Sound Systems of Mexico and Central America, Mexico City, March 30 - April 1.
18. Davletshin, Albert. 2018. Las vocales finales, los procesos foneticos finales y mediales en el protototonaco-tepehua: un primer acercamiento. In: Elsa Cristina Buenrostro, Lucero Melendez Guadarrama, Marcela San Giacomo Trinidad (eds.). Lingьistica histфrica de lenguas indomexicanas: hallazgos y discusiones recientes: 139-186. IIA-UNAM: Mexico.
19. Davletshin, Albert. 2019. Some Topics in Tepehua-Totonac Historical Phonology (Некоторые вопросы исторической фонетики тепеуа-тотонакских языков). M.A. Dissertation. Moscow, Russian State University for the Humanities.
20. Fallon, Paul D. 2002. The Synchronic and Diachronic Phonology of Ejectives. New York: Routledge.
21. Garcia Ramos, Crescencio. 1979. Fonologia del totonaco del Tajin, Veracruz. Cuadernos Antropolфgicos (Veracruz) 2: 133-176.
22. Garcia Ramos, Crescencio. 2007. Diccionario bвsico: totonaco-espanol y espanol-totonaco. Xalapa: Academia Veracruzana de las Lenguas indigenas, Secretaria de Education de Veracruz.
23. Garcia Rojas, Blanca Rosa. 1978. Dialectologia de la zona totonaco-tepehua. Tesis de licenciatura. Mexico. Escuela Nacional de Antropologia e Historia.
24. Herrera Zendejas, Esther. 2009. Formas sonoras: mapa fфnico de las lenguas mexicanas. Mйxico: El Colegio de Mйxico.
25. Ingham, Bruce. 2003. Lakota. Languages of the World Materials 426. Munich: Lincom.
26. Ladefoged, Peter, & Ian Maddieson. 1996. The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
27. Levy, Paulette. 1987. Fonologia del totonaco de Papantla, Veracruz. Mйxico: UNAM.
28. Levy, Paulette. 1990. Totonaco de Papantla, Veracruz. Archivo de Lenguas Indigenas de Mйxico. Mйxico: El Colegio de Mйxico.
29. Levy, Paulette. 2012. Totonaco de Papantla: El Cerro del Carbon. In: Paulette Levy & David Beck (ed.). Las lenguas totonacas y tepehuas: Textos y otros materiales para sus estudios: 345-466. Mйxico: UNAM.
30. Levy, Paulette, David Beck (ed.). 2012. Las lenguas totonacas y tepehuas: Textos y otros materiales para sus estudios. Mйxico: UNAM.
31. MacKay, Carolyn J. 1994a. Prospects and proposals for Totonacan research. In: Leonardo Manrique, Yolanda Lastra, Doris Bartholomew (eds.). Panorama de los estudios de las lenguas indigenas de Mйxico. T. 1. Coleccion Biblioteca Abya-Yala, 16, 137-168. Quito, Ecuador: Ediciones Abya-Yala.
32. MacKay, Carolyn J. 1994b. A sketch of Misantla Totonac phonology. International Journal of American Linguistics 60(4): 199-248.
33. MacKay, Carolyn J. 1999. A Grammar of Misantla Totonac. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
34. MacKay, Carolyn J. 2011. Una reconstruction del acento primario en el proto-totonaco-tepehua. In: Ana Lidia Munguia Duarte (ed.). Colecciфn de Estudios Lingь'isticos I. Fonйtica, morfologоa y tipologоa semвntico-sintвctica: 93-125. Hermosillo: Universidad de Sonora.
35. MacKay, Carolyn J. 2012. Totonaco de Misantla, Veracruz. In: Paulette Levy, David Beck (eds.). Las lenguas totonacas y tepehuas: Textos y otros materiales para sus estudios: 116-180. Mйxico: UNAM.
36. MacKay, Carolyn J., Frank R. Trechsel. 2005. Totonaco de Misantla, Veracruz. Archivo de Lenguas Indigenas de Mйxico. El Colegio de Mйxico: Mйxico.
37. MacKay, Carolyn J., Frank R. Trechsel. 2018a. An alternative reconstruction of Proto-Totonac-Tepehua. International Journal of American Linguistics 84 (1): 51-92.
38. MacKay, Carolyn J., Frank R. Trechsel. 2018b. Una reconstruction alternativa del protototonaco-tepehua. In: Elsa Cristina Buenrostro, Lucero Melйndez Guadarrama, Marcela San Giacomo Trinidad (eds.). Linguistica histфrica de lenguas indomexicanas: hallazgos y discusiones recientes: 85-123. Mйxico: IIA-UNAM.
39. Maddieson, Ian. 2013. Glottalized Consonants. In: Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath (eds.). The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
40. McFarland, Teresa. 2009. The Phonology and Morphology of Filomeno Mata Totonac. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.
41. McQuown, Norman A. 1990. Gramвtica de la lengua totonaca (Coatepec, Sierra Norte de Puebla). Mйxico: UNAM.
42. Moore, Devin. 2017. Subgrouping of Coahuitlan Totonac. Canadian Journal of Linguistics / Revue canadienne de linguistique 62(1): 84-117.
43. Nida, Eugene A. 1949. Morphology. 2nd ed. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
44. Pike, Kenneth L. 1947. Phonemics. A Technique for Reducing Languages to Writing. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
45. Puderbaugh, Rebekka. 2019. Laryngealization in Upper Necaxa Totonac. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alberta.
46. Reid, Aileen A. 1991. Gramвtica totonaca de Xicotepec de Juвrez, Puebla. Mйxico: Instituto Lingьistico de Verano.
47. Reid, Aileen A., Ruth G. Bishop. 1974. Diccionario totonaco de Xicotepec de Juвrez, Puebla. Vocabularios y diccionarios indigenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”, vol. 17. Mйxico: Instituto Lingьistico de Verano.
48. Shosted, Ryan K., Sharon Rose. 2011. Affricating ejective fricatives: The case of Tigrinya. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 41(1): 41-65.
49. Tino, Jorge Antonio. 2020. Las vocales laringizadas y su manifestacion fonйtica en el totonaco de Olintla. Linguistica Mexicana, Nueva Йpoca 2(1): 7-30.
50. Trechsel, Frank R., Alice Faber. 1992. Acoustic properties of plain and laryngealized vowels in the Misantla dialect of Totonac. Ms. Universidad de las Amйricas, Puebla, Mйxico.
51. Troiani, Duna. 2004. Aperзu grammatical du totonaque de Huehuetla, Puebla, Mexico. Lincom: Munich.
52. Watters, James K. 2018. Sobre la relation historica entre las vocales laringizadas y las eyectivas en totonacotepehua. In: Elsa Cristina Buenrostro, Lucero Melйndez Guadarrama, Marcela San Giacomo Trinidad (eds.). Lingь'istica histфrica de lenguas indomexicanas: hallazgos y discusiones recientes: 125-138. IIA-UNAM: Mйxico.
Размещено на Allbest.ru
...Подобные документы
Conditions of effective communication. Pronouncing consonants and vowels: Sound/spelling correspondence. Vocabulary and lexical stress patterns. Areas of intersection of Pronunciation with morphology and syntax. Listening for reduced speech features.
презентация [2,4 M], добавлен 23.10.2012Comparative analysis and classification of English and Turkish consonant system. Peculiarities of consonant systems and their equivalents and opposites in the modern Turkish language. Similarities and differences between the consonants of these languages.
дипломная работа [176,2 K], добавлен 28.01.2014General guidelines on word stress: one word has only one stress; stress vowels, not consonants. Origins of the word stress and the notion of accent. English accentuation tendencies. Typical patterns of stress of nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.
курсовая работа [275,8 K], добавлен 12.04.2014Vowels and current English. Kinds of sound change. Early modern English pronunciation and spelling. Causes of sound change. Spelling: particular words. Pronunciation change and the great vowel shift. Some interpretation of the great vowel shift.
диссертация [395,2 K], добавлен 22.01.2015The Evolution of English. Vowels and current English. Kinds of Sound Change. Causes of sound change. The Phoneme and Differing transcriptions. Early modern English pronunciation and spelling. Vowel changes in Middle English and Early New English.
дипломная работа [319,1 K], добавлен 20.01.2015Lexical and grammatical differences between American English and British English. Sound system, voiced and unvoiced consonants, the American R. Americans are Ruining English. American English is very corrupting. A language that doesn’t change is dead.
дипломная работа [52,2 K], добавлен 21.07.2009The old Germanic languages, their classification and principal features. The chronological division of the History of English. The role of the Wessex dialect. The Norman Conquest and its effect on English. The Germanic languages in the modern world.
контрольная работа [34,7 K], добавлен 17.01.2010Language is the most important aspect in the life of all beings. General information about Proto-Indo-European language. Proto-Indo-European phonology. Comparison of modern languages of origin. All words about family, particularly family members.
курсовая работа [30,2 K], добавлен 12.12.2013The description of languages of Canada — a significant amount of languages of indigenous population, immigrants and dialects arising in Canada and hybrid languages. English and French languages are recognised by the Constitution of Canada as "official".
презентация [750,5 K], добавлен 27.11.2010Concept and features of the Middle English, stages and directions of its formation and development. Primary and Middle English consonants, the basic principles of articles and declination. Personal pronouns, verbs, syntax, semantics and dialects.
презентация [380,6 K], добавлен 24.04.2014Scotland an original country. Tragic history. Symbol of Scotland. World history is full of Scottish names. Peculiarities of Scottish character. Customs and traditions. Peculiarities of Scottish character. The research on Scottish and Russian traditions.
реферат [18,6 K], добавлен 09.02.2009The development of American English pronunciation. English changes in which most North American dialects do not participate. Eastern and Southern American English. Australian speech as a subject to debate. Long and short vowels. Canadian pronunciation.
реферат [62,2 K], добавлен 14.05.2011The influence of other languages and dialects on the formation of the English language. Changes caused by the Norman Conquest and the Great Vowel Shift.Borrowing and influence: romans, celts, danes, normans. Present and future time in the language.
реферат [25,9 K], добавлен 13.06.2014Main types of word formation: inflection and derivation. Types of clipping, unclipped original. Blending, back-formation and reduplication. Sound and stress interchange. Phonetic, morphological, lexical variations. Listing and institutionalization.
контрольная работа [24,3 K], добавлен 30.12.2011Government of Howard and his conservative supporters. Attacking trade unions through the so-called reform of the industrial system. The educational program is in labour motion. Dangers of conservative industrial suggestions, historical precedents.
реферат [78,3 K], добавлен 23.06.2010Major methodological problem in the study of political parties is their classification (typology). A practical value of modern political science. Three Russian blocs, that was allocated software-political: conservative, liberal and socialist parties.
реферат [8,7 K], добавлен 14.10.2009Common characteristics of the qualification work. General definition of homonyms. Graphical abbreviations, acronyms. Abbreviations as the major type of shortenings. Secondary ways of shortening: sound interchange and sound imitating. Blendening of words.
дипломная работа [90,1 K], добавлен 21.07.2009Shortening of spoken words. Graphical abbreviations and acronyms. Abbreviations as the major type of shortenings. Secondary ways of shortening: sound interchange and sound imitating. Blendening of words. Back formation as a source for shortening of words.
дипломная работа [90,2 K], добавлен 10.07.2009Loan-words of English origin in Russian Language. Original Russian vocabulary. Borrowings in Russian language, assimilation of new words, stresses in loan-words. Loan words in English language. Periods of Russian words penetration into English language.
курсовая работа [55,4 K], добавлен 16.04.2011Today it is quite evident that everyone should know at least one foreign language. Knowing one or more foreign languages makes it possible to get acquainted with different ways of thinking, to understand a new civilisation.
топик [5,4 K], добавлен 13.05.2002
