Phonostylistic occasional means for realization of sound image of city in ukrainian poetical discourse

The resources used by Ukrainian writers to create a sound image of the city in poetic discourse. Variants of combining different phonostylistic means within the context: onomatopoeic and asemantic occasionalisms, paronomasia, equiphony and metaphony.

Рубрика Иностранные языки и языкознание
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Язык английский
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Poltava V.G. Korolenko national pedagogical university

Phonostylistic occasional means for realization of sound image of city in ukrainian poetical discourse

Yuliia Hryshko,

ukrainian language department

Poltava

Abstract

Background: The phonetic nonce words (occasionalisms) are very intensive expressive units that are determined by pragmatic rules of language use and its influence on behavior. They are a poetic phenomenon that is partly defined as an element of the modern functional and stylistic phenomenon of language play, realized most fully at the level of spontaneous artistic discourse, because artistic language is a special mode designed to convey a special meaning - thoughts and feelings with the linguistic code. The occasional phonetic-stylistic resources that form the sound image of the city have not yet been the subject of detailed study in Ukrainian linguistics.

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to describe the types of occasional phonetic and stylistic resources for sound modeling of image of city in Ukrainian poetical discourse. This purpose includes the realization of next tasks: 1) to determine the phonetically marked nonce words (occasionalisms) in poetical works; 2) to explain the stylistic meaning and importance of individual - author's units in the context.

Results: We have analyzed 4000 pages of Ukrainian poetical discourse by B.-І. Antonych, О. Astafiev, О. Vlyzko, P. Volvach, V. Vovk, О. Huseinova, Ye. Zapeka, V. Zemliak, S. Zhadan, Yu. Izdryk, I. Kotliarevskyi, О. Kotsarev, B. Lepkyi, Ye. Liuba, О. Lysheha, H. Pustovhar, M. Semenko, V. Slapchuk, V. Teren, et al. The phonostylistic occasional resources used by writers to describe the city are divided into those that can be easily decoded in the context of the work, and those that require some linguistic knowledge of readers. Relatively easy to decode is the author's combination of vowels and consonants, which is characterized by the predominance of certain types of alliterations and/or assonances. Poets use several phonostylistic resources within one work, among which the most frequent are accumulation of alliterations of blade spirant consonants and sibilant consonants (25.26%) and non-semantic phonetic occasionalisms (23.23%).

Discussion: The phonetic nonce words are a powerful phonostylistic resource for creating the sound image of the city. Transforming the sound form of poetical discourse, these phonetic-stylistic resources correspond to the general content of the work. The organization of the sound form is aimed at the use of occasional phonetic units as an artistic means of expression to enhance the expressive sound. The sound image of the city in the Ukrainian poetical discourse includes: anthropocentric occasional onomatopoeias (voices of people) and sounds of machines and mechanisms, only occasionally - sounds of nature that sound against the background of artificial sounds of the city. The writers model the acoustic effect through the use of occasional alliterations, paronomasias, metaphonies, equiphonies, pseudo-segmentations and other stylistic means. We see prospects for further research in the linguistic, in particular phonetic and stylistic, analysis of postmodern prose discourse in terms of the realization of the sound image of the city.

Keywords: phonostylistic resources, phonetic nonce word (occasionalism), phonetic meaning, sound symbolism, sound image, alliteration, paronomasia, metaphony, equiphony, Ukrainian poetical discourse.

Анотація

Проаналізовано основні види оказіональних фоностилістичних ресурсів, які використовуються українськими письменниками для створення звукового образу міста у поетичному дискурсі. Виділено найчастотніші варіанти поєднання різних фоностилістичних засобів у межах контексту, зокрема ономатопейних оказіоналізмів, асемантичних фонетичних оказіоналізмів, парономазії, еквіфонії та метафонії. Встановлено, що завдяки комбінуванню кількох фоностилістичних ресурсів у межах дискурсу митці досягають створення інтенсивного акустичного ефекту, почасти навіть сугестивного, який асоціюється з урбаністичними звуковими імпульсами.

Ключові слова: фоностилістичні ресурси, фонетичний оказіоналізм, фонетичне значення, звуковий символізм, звуковий образ, алітерація, парономазія, метафонія, еквіфонія, український поетичний дискурс.

Main part

Background. The «four elements» always interact in poetical discourse. These elements are: logical-conceptual, figurative (semantic), sound and emotional, «semantic element <…> activates the sound principle» (Сильман 1974: 14), there is a kind of phonetic elements, saturated with stylistically significant phonetic phenomena (Хоменко 2012: 12) that are absolutely creative elements, often produced by the artist intuitively (Vladu 2018: 98). In any linguistic message there is always the intention of the addressee, which is represented by the transformation in the discourse of worldviews, values, emotions of the real author in the form of an author-function, which is interpreted by the real reader as the figure of the addressee (Єщенко 2009: 188). Since the task of the addressee is to influence the real or perceived discourse partner, the need to be clear dictates the author's selection of certain linguistic means (Новиков и др., 1981: 58), motivating the generation of phonetic nonce words.

The modern poetical discourse aims to make language unusual by deautomatization of the perception of recipients. Among the examples of deautomatization of artistic reception T. Kosmeda distinguishes the use of phonetic occasionalisms, the transformation of well-known expressions by writers, the combination of different styles, word game with the internal form, paraphrasing the popular quotation, «collision» of different grammatical forms, etc., deviations from the language norm, which must be deciphered by the reader / listener (Космеда 2011: 139).

The use of phonetic nonce words can perform various functions, including pragmatic, stylistic, humorous, artistic and aesthetic, etc. (Гайданка 2019: 22).

In this context the phonetic nonce words (occasionalisms) are very informative expressive units, determined by pragmatic rules of language use and its influence on behavior. They are a poetic phenomenon that is partly defined as an element of modern functional and stylistic phenomenon of language play, realized most fully at the level of spontaneous poetical discourse (Космеда 2011: 141), because poetic language in its artistic function is a special mode designed to convey special meaning - thoughts and feelings with a linguistic code (Винокур 1943: 51).

Analysis of researches. The researches of the image of the city in Ukrainian artistic discourse began to develop actively in the middle of the 20th c. and have not lost their intensity to this day. The philological works devoted to the image of the city are presented in two aspects - literary (Т. Hundorova, V. Ishchenko, M. Karpovets, S. Lushchii, R. Movchan, О. Pukhonska, T. Vozniak, et al.) and linguistic (L. Lysychenko, L. Mialkovska, L. Prokopovych, М. Shlenova, Т. Skorbach, L. Stavytska, А. Stepanova, et al.). However, linguistic studies of the image of the city are primarily related to lexical linguistic and stylistic resources. Thus, L. Stavytska researched epithets that form the image of the city. А. Stepanova studied the linguistic means that influence the aesthetics perception of poetical works. L. Lysychenko, L. Prokopovych, L. Mialkovska, Т. Skorbach described the linguistic means of forming the artistic picture of poet's world. М. Shlenova described placenames that model the image of the city. The phonostylistic resources that form the sound image of the city have not been the subject of detailed study.

The purpose of this study is to describe the types of occasional phonostylistic means for sound modeling of the image of the city in Ukrainian poetical discourse. This purpose involves the implementation of the following tasks: 1) to identify phonetically marked nonce words (occasionalisms) in poetical works; 2) to explain the meaning and stylistic load of individual author units in the context.

The object of research is the phonostylistic resources of the Ukrainian poetical discourse, the subject - phonetically motivated verbal combinations - phonetic occasionalisms - that model the auditory impression of the city.

The material of the research is the poetical discourse by B.-I. Antonych, О. Astafiev, О.Vlyzko, P. Volvach, V. Vovk, О. Huseinova, Ye. Zapeka, V. Zemliak, S. Zhadan, Yu. Izdryk, I. Kotliarevskyi, О. Kotsarev, B. Lepkyi, Ye. Liuba, О. Lysheha, H. Pustovhar, M. Semenko, V. Slapchuk, V. Teren, et al. (total: more than 4000 pages of poetical discourse).

Research methods. The continuous sampling method is used for scientific substantiation of factual material (phonetic occasionalisms are written out of the discourses on special cards). The descriptive method and the method of linguistic-stylistic analysis are used to elucidate the peculiarities of the stylistic load of phonostylistic occasional resources in Ukrainian poetical discourse. The contextual method made it possible to analyze the expressive coloring of phonetically marked compounds by means of the text distribution (phonetic occasionalisms are grouped by type). The method of quantitative linguistic analysis is used to determine the number of phonetic occasionalisms in Ukrainian poetical discourse and their percentage.

Scientific novelty of the article is that the types of phonostylistic means in poetical discourse through the prism of occasionalism study are singled out.

Theoretical value. The results of the work detail the general classification of authorial innovations in modern linguistics, reveal new opportunities for the study of innovative verbal structures, the results are enriched with new ideas the phonetic stylistics and text linguistics.

Practical value. In the educational process, the results of scientific observations can be used for in-depth teaching of stylistics, general linguistics, translation studies, linguistic analysis of the text.

Results. The phonetic nonce words (or phonetic occasionalisms) are the layer of linguistic units that constitute an interesting phenomenon of every language. Despite the difficulties that arise during the identification of denotation, the author's innovative formations enrich the language (Teubert 1998). Modeling of phonetic occasionalisms as a kind of word game is a universal tool for revealing the resource potential of artistic discourse. The intentional or intuitive use by the author of specific creative methods allows to reflect in the text a personal emotional picture of the world (Ляхович 2017: 186).

The phonetic nonce words can influence human consciousness, because each sound that forms the phonetic composition of the token can convey secret meanings, due to the search for which suggestive linguistics and phonosemantics have emerged and are successfully developing (Сидорова 2019: 3; Perloff et al. 2009: 9). М. Dovhalevskyi also identified poetry with the divine cause, because it is «<…> like the second god, and makes in human souls variable substances of things <…>» (Дов - галевський 1973: 37), however, with the purpose of intensive influence the reader, the poet must appeal to different senses - sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch (Довгалевський 1973: 133). The attitude of the native speaker (addressee) to innovations is always emotional (Караулов 1987: 260).

As Т. Kosmeda and О. Khaliman emphasize, «a modern speaker strives to perceive humor, satire, irony and sarcasm, he is attracted by texts densely saturated with figurative means, a system of tropes and applied figures, superimposed on each other, expressing various axiological parameters, emotionality and expressiveness, appropriate original associations, unpredictable language puzzles, occasional forms, motivated violation of the norm, a variety of intertextual creations, etc.» (Космеда та ін. 2013: 5). О. Zemska, М. Kytaihorodska, І. Rozanova also include jokes, good irony, puns, and various types of tropes as the main activation techniques (Земская и др. 1983: 172). According to the plan, writers select those specific resources that are used to describe the denotations.

«Poetry is a world of surprises, tones and halftones, bright and muted colors. Here <…> means more the originality of the search, the originality of views on the world and especially the angle from which the poet sees reality. <…> Poetry always affects the human soul, filling it to the brim. The science can not do it, no matter what precise arguments it uses» (Гризун 2007: 62). The poetical discourse is saturated with numerous meanings: the text as a speech formation is linear, limited in time, and «the world of meaning is multidimensional and temporally unlimited» (Сидорова 2019: 3). Within the poetical verbal discourse, any utterance has several semantic layers, including a set of explicit (lexical) and latent (phonetic) codes.

The occasional linguistic formations of the phonetic level are partly only conditional, so the context can specify it, because only the way of grouping words, their interaction and the immediate environment of the innovative unit can express and emphasize the stylistic functions of authorial phonetic neologisms (Шумейко 2011: 180-181; Миллер 1972: 35), because the reader / listener analyzes the text, and not just linearly percepts it (the addressee alternately goes through the stages of direct and indirect perception of artistic images generated by the text, giving them emotional, ethical and aesthetic assessments) (Соколова 1983: 69).

N. Sokolova researched that by interpretation of poetical elements (including phonetic occasionalisms) should take into account some important aspects: 1) analysis of artistic speech is possible with a clear distinction of such points as the special function of language in the literary text; the relation of poetic speech to other types of expression, the specifics of artistic speech from the standpoint of the speaker and the one who decodes the message; 2) the connection of communicative and aesthetic functions of language; 3) in the aesthetic function, the language of fiction is an aesthetic category, individual verbal creativity; 4) the possibility of comparing the individual language of the artist with the norm; 5) the comparison of individual poetic language and normative emphasizes the specific features of the first: actualization, derivation from the mechanism of perception, the difference between traditionally significant and situational significant substances, which helps the writer to create a new world subject to aesthetic laws of art; 6) ideological and aesthetic comprehension, decoding of the artistic text is based on the possibility of its multilevel interpretation, but does not mean arbitrariness of interpretation; 7) the intuition of the linguist, supported by linguistic techniques, helps to clarify the specifics of the individual authorial style of a particular artist; 8) the most complete interpretation of poetic language should be facilitated by a comprehensive description of the units of linguistic poetics, methods of their functioning in the literary text, a description of all types of contexts included in the field of study (Соколова 1983: 130-131).

Understanding phonetically marked occasional expression is not subject to automatic perception (Tomasikova 2018). This factor intensifies the stylistic value of poetical discourse, because phonetic occasionalism arises in context and forms by context. At the same time phonetic occasionalism is a text-forming unit (Бабенко 2017).

The functional and stylistic language means are acquired in the context of intentional expression, for which they have a potential opportunity. But the actual emotional coloring of phonetic occasionalism is most fully expressed only under the conditions of functional attachment to certain speech situations. This means that the emotional and expressive properties of a language resource outside of contextual use may belong to a general semantic structure or may have other stylistic characteristics in general (Винокур 1972: 13).

The phonetic nonce words (occasionalisms) are stimulators of the emergence of phonetic meaning. If we understand the content of the sound form as a symbolic meaning, it is possible to consider the phonetic meaning as a symbolics of speech sounds (Журавлев 1974: 31). This symbolics is not characterized by the name of the denotation, because in this case it is absent. The only possible way to describe the sound symbolism is to list the evaluation features. The phonetic meaning is not realized by the native speaker, so he can not consciously operate on it, because the phonetic meaning is «older», than the meaning of words, in some respects it is «natural, initial» (Журавлев 1991: 24). О. Zhuravlov analyzed the experimental works by domestic and foreign researchers in the field of phonosemantics and psycholinguistics (E. Sepir, S. Newman, S. Tsuru, G. Alport, I. Taylor, A. Sieberer, G. Kronasser, W. Brackbill, K Little, M. Myron, D. Westerman, G. Ivanova-Lukyano - va, О. Orlova, V. Levytskyi, О. Gurdzhieva, et al.) and drawn the conclusion that the existence of the psycholinguistic phenomenon of «phonetic symbolism» is absolute (Журавлев 1974: 30), but scientific discussions about the nature of such linguistic phenomenon are still relevant. The criterion is the collective language consciousness. Phonetic meaning can be considered a substance of phonological structure, which has a psychological character and reflects not only the actual linguistic moments (phonological oppositions), but also psychological (differences in perception) (Винокур 1980: 36).

The phonetic meaning affects the realization of words in speech. The words, for which the tendency to correspond to the form and content is realized, generally function more actively, they have advantages over other words in the process of development of figurative meanings and in the acquisition of expressive coloring. The lexical items that have positive characteristics of sound form become names. Phonetic meaning is closely related to associative and emotional (Ромметвейт 1972: 64), because it can be considered as a substance of the phonological structure of language, and this substance will have a psycholinguistic character, expressing not only purely linguistic moments (phonological oppositions), but also psychological (differences in perception) (Журавлев 1974: 35-36).

The phonostylistic occasional resources used by writers to depict the city are divided into those that can be easily decoded in the context of the work, and those that require some linguistic knowledge of readers / listeners. In Ukrainian poetical discourse (more than 4000 pages) we have identified the following types of phonostylistic occasional resources used for realization of sound image of city (total - 99 phonostylistic occasional units):

1) accumulation of alliterations of blade spirant consonants and sibilant consonants (25 cases - 25.26%);

2) non-semantic phonetic occasionalisms (23 cases - 23.23%);

3) equiphony (used 14 times - 14.14%);

4) occasional onomatopoeia (12 cases - 12.12%);

5) paronomasia (8 units - 8.08%);

6) pseudo-segmentations (used 7 times - 7.07%);

7) quasi-nominations (6 units - 6.06%);

8) metaphony (only 4 cases - 4.04%).

Percent representation is calculated with using the standard proportional formula x=n-100%/N, where the total number of phonostylistic occasional units is taken as 100%.

Relatively easy to decode is the author's combination of vowels and consonants, which is characterized by the predominance of certain types of alliterations and / or assonances. For example, poets O. Astafiev, V. Vovk, S. Zhadan, Ye. Liuba prefer to use blade spirant consonants and sibilant consonants, which are more capable of suggestion: Танцюй, тесле, доки сонце стоїть / над найбільшим зі створених богом міст. / Танцюй, про все вже написано Гомером в його книжках. / Місто не засинало всю ніч <…> / Танцюй посеред цього світу, / який крутиться без утоми й мети <…> (Жадан 2018: 10-11); <…> Щ[шч] одня до фабрики біжу - / Щ[шч] е місяць котиться над містом. / Лиш здалека - фабричний шум, / <…> Тулю тісніше сірий плащ[шч], /Прижмурюю щ[шч] е сонні очі /Іжду на крихточку теплпа /В трамваї, щ[шч] о як смог скрегоче <…> (Вовк 2000: 39); Таке враження, щ[шч] о будинки / народжуються швидше, ніж люди, / будинки - цегляні палаци сонця, / а люди в «януть на дорогах і в полі <…> (Астаф'єв 2013: 153); <.> І тріск магазинний відкинутих в небо ролетів, / І тріск магазинний, /і спека, /і спека, /і тріск (Люба 2012: 244).

O. Huseinova uses a combination of alliterations of blade spirant and sibilant consonants with alliterations of rolled [r]: Жінки, які /проводжають тебе за стіни / слизького зеленого міста, / знають про тебе / багато різного. / Групу крові, / колір білизни. / Знають, / скільки тобі лишилося - / солодкого на сніданок, / солоного на обід. /Як виглядають / твої порожні руки. / Як дзеленчать / твої повні кишені <…> (Гусейнова 2016: 128).

It is productive to use blade spirant and sibilant consonants to depict the image of the city also in prose works. V. Zemliak, based on the acoustic and articulator characteristics of consonant sounds, depicts the city at war: <.> Людська настороженість наче передалась місту - воно притихло, закам «яніло і всю ніч насторожено вслухалося в далекий зловіщ[шч] ий гул, щ[шч] о долинав з заходу <…> (Земляк 1978: 275-276).

S. Zhadan, modeling the image of the city engulfed in war, adds to the semantically capacious palette of blade spirant consonants and sibilant consonants alliteration of the rolled consonant [r], enhanced by metaphony: <…> Місто зради, місто розпачу, місто отрути. / <…> Золоті зірки серед листя густого. / Знати, щ[шч] о чорний дощ[шч] затопить твої подвір'я. / Знати, щ[шч] о він не омине нікого (Жадан 2018: 116-117).

The technique opposite to metaphony - equiphony - is used by Ye. Zapeka, combining it with alliterations of blade spirants and sibilants consonants: рідне місто зникало поступово <… > /на мить вирвалося окунем / з глибин / засліпило очі сонячними зайчиками / люстерок своїх лусочок <…> (Запека 2011: 13).

The semantic content of the sound is based on the principle of «primary motivation» of the sign form, where there are conditional copies-associations, which in linguistics are called «ideophones». The invention of original sound imitations and ideophones is most characteristic of poetic language (Горелов и др. 1998: 13). But associative connections are also motivated by the peculiarities of the culture to which the native speaker belongs and the social existence of people (Горелов и др. 1998: 24), which stimulated the emergence of associative (semantic) fields in the languages of the world. The phonetic nonce words that form the acoustic image of the city are often realized in non-semantic sound complexes, designed primarily for epatage, such as the well-known phonetic occasionalisms by Ukrainian futurist M. Semenko: Осте сте /бі бо / бу / <…> селі/елі /лілі <…> (Семенко 1985: 62-63). P. Volvach forms an occasional equiphony that associated with a fictional city: В мерехкому бео беоґраді / Може бути - будуть мені раді <…> (Вольвач 2009: 22).

To describe the city, the original equiphony without the use of asemantic occasionalisms, based exclusively on repetitions of t - ta, was used by I. Kotliarevskyi: <…> Та в городі тепер не до новин; там так старі доми ламають, та улиці застроюють новими домами, та кришки красять, та якісь пішоходи роблять, щоб в грязь добре, бач, ходити було пішки, що аж дивитись мило (Котляревський 1982: 237).

B.-I. Antonych in the poem «Poem about Shop Windows» uses a combination of exclamations and occasional onomatopoeias: <…> де - еге/де - еге/де - еге/гей - ей /ей - гей /щ[шч] е - щ[шч] е й / щ[шч] е - щ[шч] е й / гей <…> // ах - тах - тарах / ох - тох - торох /ух - тух - турух <…> (Антонич 2012: 249). The use of occasional onomatopoeias in the context of a work is a common phonostylistic phenomenon for Ukrainian artistic discourse: <…> Лиш фабрики гудуть, все гу! та гу! / Хіба їх мир спинить в страшнім бігу? <…> (Лепкий 2006: 413); По площі кінь тягне будку з хлібом: цок, цок… <…> (Лишега 1989: 8); Шампанське. Січень. Грудень відболів. / Перлини слів вирощ[шч] ую у роті. / Дзвенить кришталь. Летять шапки з голів. /1 потяг мчить. І ми - йому навпроти. / Чух-чух! Зніму годинника з руки. / Бо час, як сніг…<…> (Слапчук 2008: 85).

The urban auditory pattern associated with the sounds of the city is not devoid of anthropocentric phonetic nonce words realized in the context for the formation of human voices: <…> Лізе /за нами /міщ[шч] анства гарба, /скрегоче, /рипить /ірипа, /і щ[шч] ось в ній лопоче: / «Бе-а - ба / ба!» <…> (Влизько 1968: 120); Чий же тепер час?! - / до людей гукаю, / а вони думають, / щ[шч] о я / «время спрашиваю» (Слапчук 2008: 64); Лушпиння звуків… «как же…» «…што ви…» <…> (Вольвач 2009: 10).

The modern poetic discourse is often designed for recitation, recitative utterance, therefore in this case the quasi-nominations, pseudo-segmentations and augmentations are becoming common among phonetic-stylistic occasional means: Місто-загадка-вигадка-загадка, / Де ночують тумани і протяги <…> (Пустовгар 2007: 114); перетинають державні кордони / переїжджають із міста у місто / водяться в клубах-театрах-салонах <…>(Іздрик 2019: 35); Я тупо їм. / Я знову з ним - / Із неминучесамогонним, /Дахасто-дерев «яним / Харковом, / Мабуть-таки моїм (Коцарев 2018б).

Non-standard visual-audio expression of the conceptual components of the city in modern poetical discourse is based on occasional techniques by Ukrainian avant-garde, in particular futurism. For example, in the 20th yrs of the 20th c. M. Semenko wrote: пути велетні /диму сталь /палять / пах/пахка/пахітоска /дим синій /чорний ди /м <… > (Семенко 1985: 62-63). In the 21st c. modern poets O. Kotsarev and Yu. Izdruk write: ко - /ра- / бля / чекають сірі очі / але корабель іде в болото бо в нашого моря нема того боку <…> / якби море глухим ударом не накинуло на вулиці / прозору блискучу тінь багдада / якби кожна її ганчірка пляшечка водорость і позначка / не була жовта не була зелена не була червона / не була мокра / і у- / лю- / бле- / на (Коцарев 2018а); <…> я звідси звалив би та згусла пітьма / й ніхто вже не рветься нікуди / нікуди не йде /і нічого не хо. /нікого не лю. /і не буде <… > (Іздрик 2019: 260-261).

Poets use several phonostylistic resources within one work, among which very frequent are paronomasia, equiphony and metaphony. For example, V. Teren combines paronomasia and metaphony: Ламались квартали тікали фронтони й фонтани /все далі параболи колій влітали в майданів крутіж / і тріскались жили фатально в останніх атлантів / і трави у шпарках асфальту шукали каміння рубіж / бруківка простуджена кашляла кроками глухо <…> (Терен 2016: 95). The most productive combination of paronomasia, equiphony and metaphony was in the poetic discourse by Yu. Izdryk: їздила з термосом / грілася поспіхом / усміхом успіхом / острахом пострахом / їздила поїздом і автостопом <… > /зла ніби злива вона не плаче / сонна як сонце вона сміється <…> (Іздрик 2019: 20); співають пісень начитують вірші / тренінги лекції секції акції / виставки мутять ставлять вистави / постійні жертви акліматизації / чужі практично в кожній державі <…> (Іздрик 2019: 35); о станція - останція! / остання на дистанції/ в боях здобута праведних / неправедна інстанція <… > (Іздрик 2019: 124); горіхи мед метелики <…> / за вікнами - естетика / і стилістичний штиль /прострочений поетами /підтекстовий текстиль <…> (Іздрик 2019: 196); <…> я телепортуюсь у транспортний транс / пітьмі залізничній на радість / моєму безсонню потрібен стоп-кран <…>(Іздрик 2019: 260-261).

Discussion. The phonetic nonce words (occasionalisms) are a powerful phonostylistic resource for creating the sound image of the city. Transforming the sound form of poetical discourse, these phonostylistic resources correspond to the general content of the work. The organization of the sound form is aimed at the use of occasional phonetic units as an artistic means of expression to enhance the expressive auditory perception. The sound image of the city in Ukrainian poetical discourse includes: anthropocentric occasional onomatopoeias (voices of people) and sounds of machines and mechanisms, only occasionally - sounds of nature against the background of artificial sounds of the city. The writers intensify the acoustic effect through the use of occasional alliterations, paronomasias, metaphonies, equiphonies, pseudo-segmentations, quasi-nominations and other stylistic means. The most frequent are accumulation of alliterations of blade spirant consonants and sibilant consonants (25.26%) and non-semantic phonetic occasionalisms (23.23%).

We see prospects for further research in the linguistic, in particular phonetic stylistic, analysis of postmodern prose discourse in terms of the realization of the sound image of the city.

References

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