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Annotation

Formation of language standards: processes of codification of lexical standards in Europe and ancient China

The article considers the processes of formation of language norms through the processes of codification of lexical norms and features of codification of lexical norms in ancient China in the context of the corresponding European in general and in English in particular. Various models of lexical codification and their principles are analyzed, the topical issues of formation and development of the language norm, demonstrated significant differences in the processes of codification of English and Chinese Wenyan and Baihua.

The codification of the English language took place primarily through the processes of departure from Latin, through scientific discussions and the formation of various approaches to this process, current changes in the language, the use of borrowings and the current development of colloquial speech were not excluded. The Chinese language Wenyan, on the other hand, enshrined established language norms and was separated in every possible way from the changes that took place in colloquial speech. Such demarcation and static led to the emergence of the Baihua language, which was closer to the language of the common people, but also subject to strict codification norms.

The format of the article highlights the fact that the successful introduction of lexical codification depended, firstly, on the traditional theory of literature, and, secondly, depended on the ideological aspects of Confucianism. The combination of these two tendencies in one philological tradition marked the beginning of lexical processes and contributed to the formation of lexical norms of ancient and modern China. It is proved that the processes of lexical codification influenced the formation of phonetic, grammatical, stylistic norms of ancient China, and also illustrated that the ideology of Confucianism indicated the vector of development of lexical studies of Wenyan language and literary research traditions.

Key words: classification, vocabulary, lexicology, lexicography, codification, language standardization, Confucian ideology.

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