Liverpudlian accent of English based on the song of the band «The Beatles»

«It's gotta be rock and roll music» [39]

· At the beginning of the line, Paul McCartney did not say «it's» at all. This phenomenon is called ellipsis - that is, the omission of any member of the sentence to avoid the cumbersomeness and monotony of speech. He probably decided to omit this construction because of the rhyme, so that everything would sound neat. In addition, when translating, the meaning does not change and from a phonetic point of view, this construction may go down.

· Further, when analyzing the word «gotta», a new phenomenon appears, called «Fluent pronunciation» or «slurred pronunciation». This is the phenomenon of missing some sounds or syllables in speech.

Words of this form almost do not exist in written form, but it is characteristic of oral colloquial speech. This form can be used in order not to strain the speech apparatus. In addition, these forms are known and understood by everyone. And if someone hears it for the first time, it will not be a problem, since by the meaning and similar pronunciation you can understand what kind of word it was. In this example, there is the word "gotta", which is more like an exception to the above rules.

· Here, too, there is the phrase «rock and roll», which is also heard fluently - «Rock 'n' Roll». At the same time, the meaning also remains clear, since this construction is used by people to this day in everyday life.

«If you want to dance with me» [39]

Another example of "Fluent pronunciation". It is also present here, because instead of «want to» heard «wanna». This construction is unacceptable to use in writing, it is typical only for informal colloquial speech. It is important to note that this construction does not apply to the language standard.

«I've have no kick against modern jazz» [39]

· In this line, it is noticeable how the performer pronounces a completely different word. Instead of a construction «I've have» he sings «I got». The meaning and translation of this sentence do not change. This phenomenon is called substitution, that is, the use of some language forms or grammatical phenomena instead of others. Substitution makes the sentence shorter and more concise.

· Next, the word «modern» is used instead of [?m?d.[nn] pronounces [?m??.d?n]. When considering this example, this proves that the Liverpool pronunciation is similar to the American accent. А similar situation can be traced in the following word «jazz» - Instead of [d?жz], Paul McCartney sings [d?жz]. It can be seen that nothing changes in the writing of the transcription, but instead of the sound [ж], the performer pronounces [?], which is again similar to the American pronunciation.

«And change the beauty of the melody»

«Until they sound just like a symphony» [39]

· In the word «change» there is also an example of substitution, that is, Paul McCartney sings the word "lose". The meaning in this case changes a little, but apparently the performer decided that the word "lose" in this context would sound better.

· The following is an example of an ellipsis, since the singer omitted the word «just» and said, «sound the like». Moreover, a bunch of «the» sounded between these words, it is not written in the text, but when listening to it, attention is drawn to it. That is, we can conclude that in this example, in addition to the ellipsis, there is also an epenthesis, the analysis of which was above (this is the introduction of an additional sound for ease of pronunciation).

· In the word «symphony» heard the transcription [?s?m. po.ni ] instead of the correct [?s?m.f?.ni ]. It seems that the performer thus decided not to strain his speech apparatus and pronounced it as it was convenient. This phenomenon can be called distalia - a speech defect in which a person skips sounds or distorts pronunciation. This is a deviation from the pronunciation norm associated with a neurological disease or the presence of improper upbringing. But in this case, this phenomenon can be considered as the presence of several languages and accents in the environment, by means of which the sound [p] in this word appeared. Again, perhaps it was convenient for Paul McCartney to pronounce this word with a transcription [?s?m.po.ni].

«I took my loved one over cross the tracks» [39]

· In the word «loved» the use of elision is noticeable since the performer does not pronounce the sound [d].

· Next, it is impossible not to pay attention to the fact that Paul McCartney pronounced the word «one» as [?n] instead of [w?n].

When analyzing the full phrase «loved one», it can be concluded that he pronounced it this way to facilitate pronunciation, to improve euphony. When pronounced, this phrase was combined into one - [l?v ??n].

· It is important to note that the word «cross» as [kr??z] instead of [kr?s]. This happens because Paul McCartney hails from Liverpool, and his native language has a huge influence on the pronunciation of consonants at the end of words. Basically, this can be noticed when an example of a plural occurs, where the sound [s/es] is pronounced as [z].

2.6 Summary of the results for the song «Rock and roll music»

As mentioned earlier, the Liverpool accent is not as common in Britain as other accents, but it is still significant and has its own characteristics. This was proved by the example of the analysis of the accent in the song "Rock and Roll Music", in which the Liverpool accent is clearly heard.

Based on the work done, the main characteristics of the Liverpool accent were identified.

Firstly, in the song, such a technique as «Elision», the frequent loss of sounds in a phrase or in a word. This is done to facilitate pronunciation and sound. This technique can be seen in the speakers of the Liverpool accent. They are used to the loss of sounds in words, so a person with a British pronunciation will not be able to understand the meaning of a word or a line of a song right away.

Secondly, Paul McCartney, according to his own rules, pronounces some words in the song, for example: «old» - [ol]. And, as it was noticed, he ignored the letter «d», so for people with British English, the meaning of the song will be incomprehensible. This process is seen throughout the song.

Thirdly, it is worth noting that in this composition, a fusion of words is often used, but at the same time a certain sound is used to make the meaning clear. For example: The phrase «beat you» is pronounced in one word using the sound [ch]. This technique is used for beautiful sound, melody.

It is important to note that Paul does not pronounce auxiliary verbs in his composition. This is done so that the song is not monotonous. Listeners should not feel the accumulation of sounds.

In addition, a «Fluent pronunciation» appears, which is used only in the spoken part of speech, this is an error on the letter. "Fluent pronunciation" is a slurred pronunciation of words, but the meaning of the lines from the song does not suffer. This phenomenon can be noticed in everyday life when a person is in a hurry somewhere.

Thus, the Liverpool accent has a lot of its own characteristics. Such a considerable influence of the composition had on the British English language. Each feature in the accent reveals the songs from its side, which makes changes in the speech of the younger generation.

2.7 Demonstration of scouse in other songs

A detailed analysis of the two songs of the Beatles can conclude that the features of the manifestation of the Liverpool accent are mostly repeated. Therefore, the next important step was to consider one vivid example from another Beatles songs, in which there are other features of the expression of the Liverpool accent.

In the song «A Day in the Life» there is a line in which you can notice an obsessive R. This is a phenomenon in which a rhotic consonant [r] appears between two morphemes to separate them. Basically [r] is inserted when the next word starts with the main one. So in this line «I saw a film» we hear [s?r ? f?lm].

In the song «Strawberry Fields Forever» heard a new phenomenon- lack of NG-coalescence. This is a phenomenon in which the sound [?] is pronounced as [?g] since it is in a position between two vowel sounds. Basically, most native speakers of American English pronounce [?], and in Liverpool English you can notice the sound [?g] - «Sitting in» is pronounced as [s?t??g ?n]. At the end of a word with a Liverpool accent, the sound [g] will always be heard.

In the following examples, it is important to note that the sound [ж] is pronounced simply and without tension. In different versions of the English language, this sound is pronounced differently. For example: in American as «eh-a» [?a], in British as one pure vowel, and in Liverpool as «aa» [ж], but in some cases this sound may become like the American version of English. There may also be such an example in the songs «You Won't See Me» - «hands» - [hжndz] or «I Wanna Be Your Man» - «man» [mжn].

Also noticeable is the special pronunciation of the vowel «o». For example, the diphthong «oa» in American English is pronounced as [o?]. In the Liverpool version, there are two pronunciation possibilities - [o?] in the song «A Day in the Life» or [??] в песне «Thank You Girl».

Then there is an interesting moment in the song «Eleanor Rigby». In the third verse Paul McCartney says "buried" with a low "beh-ried" [b?rid]. There is significant variation of the vowels in these words for North American English, which has mostly merged all three so that they sound the same. «buried» [b?rid]. This line reflects the direct influence of the Liverpool accent because in standard British accent that should sounds like «beh-reed».

2.8 Summary of the Results

Having made many comparisons of the Liverpool accent with the norms of British English, we can draw a general conclusion that they are completely different. After all, an accent is already a distinctive feature of the language and its people. It would be primitive to say that the speech of native speakers is consistent and constantly flows from one accent to another. Many parts of speech were considered at the language levels (phonetic and lexical) of this accent. But still, many people believe that the Liverpool accent is not popular among others.

In practical work, a more detailed comparison of the songs «Girl» and «Rock and roll music» with British English was carried out. It was noticed that there is still a coincidence in the characteristics of the two songs. Here are some features of the pronunciation of the song:

1. Often in a song, a «connecting sound» is added between two words. This is necessary for a pleasant listening to the composition.

2. Speakers of this accent speak very quickly, as if swallowing the sounds in the lines of the song.

3. Also, at some points, the native speaker of this dialect pronounces words with a certain intonation, as if highlighting a line with his articulatory organ.

4. When listening to the lines of songs, we may notice that auxiliary verbs are omitted, but the meaning does not change.

5. And the most important thing is that the performer, using the features of the Liverpool accent, makes the song colorful and not primitive.

Here are the main similarities between the two songs «Girl» and «Rock and roll music» in a Liverpool accent, but if you delve into the material, you can see that it is not very significant. Thanks to practical work, it becomes clear why people in Britain do not understand people who speak only English with a Liverpool accent.

Conclusion

There are many accents and dialects in modern English. But they should not be confused with each other, because they differ in significant characteristics and features.

Summing up the results of the work, everyone understands that accents are the quality of the speaker's speech, which is caused by the interactions of phonetics of related languages. All accents have their own characteristics.

Thus, it can be concluded that the study of accents provides invaluable and unlimited material not only for in-depth study of the language and its history, but also for assessing and understanding the peculiarities of the formation and development of norms. Only an independent study of accent data opens up the opportunity to understand not only the distinctive norms from the rules of pronunciation of British English, but also serves as a solid basis for studying the formation and development of meanings.

In addition, it has been observed that the English language has come a long way in development, and this continues to this day. Its development and improvement are still of great importance in history. In addition, many accents have been identified. The already well-known accent was also considered in more detail.

The main purpose of this work was to study the main characteristics of the Liverpool accent. And to achieve this goal, all the tasks were completed: the concept of accent was revealed, each accent of the English language was qualified, the features of the Liverpool accent were considered, the similarities and differences between the pronunciation norm of the Liverpool and British accents were analyzed.

In the practical part, the creativity of The Beatles group was used to analyze the emphasis, which helped to identify all the main characteristics of the accent at the phonetic level. A comparative analysis of the accent with British English was also carried out, which helped to understand that the accent is different and almost unlike the norms of British English. Phrases or whole lines from songs were taken for analysis to understand the basic pronunciation norms, which are not at all the same as in English. In the process of working on the first song and on the second, it was revealed that the Liverpool accent between two words always adds a connecting sound [th]; swallowing many sounds; highlighting with its articulation organs the lines on which the performer makes the maximum emphasis.

In general, the analysis helped to form a complete picture of the differences between Liverpool accent and British English. Based on the conducted research, the most stable linguistic phonetic levels were identified, which are characteristic only of the accent.

This work will be useful and relevant to students studying English. The course work will allow you to expand and deepen your knowledge of the language from different sides.

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