Towards a new paradigm for the language research: synergistic context

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Sumy State University

TOWARDS A NEW PARADIGM FOR THE LANGUAGE RESEARCH: SYNERGISTIC CONTEXT

Larysa Shchyhlo PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Associate

Professor of Germanic Philology Department

Maksym Korovai Master's student of Germanic Philology Department

Summary

linguistic language system methodology

The globalization changes in the world contribute to the growing importance of scientific knowledge in general and fundamental science in particular. Current difficulties in understanding of the mechanisms of possible changes in the language system require attention to enriching the methodology of linguistics with an interdisciplinary scientific toolkit in order to obtain new linguistic knowledge, and also reorients researchers from the position of analysis to the position of synthesis. Keywords: interdisciplinarity, linguistics, methodology, paradigm, synergetics.

Introduction

The implementation of the global objectives of sustainability requires a strategic approach, which would be based on a changing the philosophy of thinking [7].

The scientific picture of the world as a separate research program is focused on outlining the tasks of empirical and theoretical analysis, as well as the choice of means of solving them. In the process of the development of the science and the implementation of its results in the practical activity, the scientific picture of the world will undergo specific transformations, corrections, and improvements, i.e. it will never acquire an axiomatic status.

In the modern stage of the human development the problem of overcoming the reductionism between natural and humanitarian spheres of science is resolved by synthesis of ideas of the systemic, evolutionary and synergistic approaches. Such a synthesis of scientific knowledge contributes to the development of a synergistic paradigm through transdisciplinary unification, which causes fundamental changes in both self-knowledge and the worldview of the individuals.

The theoretical and methodological potential of the synergetic direction of the language research as an interdisciplinary vector for studying the problems of the language development in general and its subsystems in particular is aimed at revealing the phenomenon of self-organization of language structures in the holistic cycle of its current state and history.

We should also note that in the context of the integration of the Ukrainian research space into the European research space, it is worth paying special attention to multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches in scientific researches.

As O.V. Ahapova emphasizes “the Ukrainian research space functions in the conditions of rapid changes in the society, military intervention and crisis conditions, it is important for a modern scientist to quickly adapt, learn, think critically and systemically, since usually interdisciplinary research arises at the moment of "crisis" and require concerted efforts of scientists, representatives of various branches of science to achieve balance” [1, p. 34].

Presentation of the main research material

In the middle of the XX century, due to the general theory of systems and the emergence of the systems approach, the concept of evolutionism acquired a fundamentally new meaning. The idea of systematic consideration of objects proved to be heuristic primarily within the framework of biological science, where it facilitated the development of the problem of structural levels of organization of living substance, analysis of various kinds of connections both within a particular system and between systems of varying degrees of complexity. The systematic approach, which is being developed in biology, considers objects not just as systems, but as self-organizing systems of open type.

Since the 1980s, non-classical science has been replaced by post-nonclassical science with the dominant position of synergestic science (synergetics). Its ideas are based on the principles of universal evolutionism, which facilitates the disclosure of general patterns of development of complex dynamic systems and causes a change in the scientific picture of the world. This is how a synergistic picture of the world is gradually formed as one of the paradigms of modern scientific knowledge, which is associated with the strengthening of integration trends in modern science.

It should also be added that the "discovery" of fractal systems has led to paradigmatic shifts not only in the hard sciences, but also contributed to the transition from the Cartesian-Newtonian mechanistic model of the world to a nonlinear holistic picture of the world with possible small-dimensional spaces, in which, behind chaotic abstractness "veiled" subtle structures are ordered at a higher level of complexity [3].

Hence, the synergistic theory of fractality is gradually gaining its paradigmatic status. It deepens the understanding of the mechanisms of possible changes in the synergistic system and reorients the researcher from the position of analysis to the position of synthesis.

As you know, classical linguistics postulates language as a linear, onedimensional system with a continuum of lexical units that interact with each other according to specific rules. Language is a complex heterogeneous, nonlinear system, the study of which is relevant from the standpoint of fractal theory [4].

Fractal properties in the language system arise according to the same principle as in other fractal structures. Because fractals repeat something over and over again, the defining characteristic of fractals is their self similarity. As can be seen in Figure 1, the Koch snowflake is a fractal that can be built up iteratively, in a sequence of stages.

The first stage is an equilateral triangle, and each successive stage is formed by adding outward bends to each side of the previous stage, making smaller equilateral triangles. This iteration procedure was described by Swedish mathematician Niels Fabian Helge von Koch in 1904 [2].

Fig. 1 The iteration procedure for creating of a Koch snowflake as a fractal

The fractality of language implies the presence of self-similarity (scale invariance) and recursion (using the generation of the previously generated at each step).

Conclusions of this research

The globalization changes in the world contribute to the growing importance of scientific knowledge in general and basic science in particular with its ability to produce this knowledge to explain the essence of phenomena, processes, etc. that cannot be mastered using the logic of classical thinking.

The evolutionary-synergistic approach, in its philosophical and general scientific aspects, is reflected in the concept of global or universal evolutionism, i.e., the evolutionary process is considered in the context of the co-evolution of the Universe, the biosphere and man as a single entity and as a hierarchically organized megasystem in self-development. In addition, this megasystem is dynamic, open, non-equilibrium, stochastic, and bifurcated.

At the post-nonclassical stage of science development, the synergetic theory of fractality is widely used, which makes it possible to explicate space not only as linear and nonlinear, but also as fractal (fractional). In addition, it allows us to rethink our views of the world around us.

The theory of fractal linguistics, which is currently in the stage of its formation, states that language develops like natural fractals, i.e. the dynamics of language development is compared to some properties of fractals, where self-similarity is the basic principle of its organization.

It seems to us that, it is also possible, to consider the language from the standpoint of a fractal scale-free network approach, which focuses on the study of the language system and its subsystems as a nonlinear hierarchically clustered scalefree structure with fractal properties and is capable of reconfiguration and expansion [5; 6].

References

1. Agapova, O.V. (2022, May 31). Interdisciplinarity in the Ukrainian research space as a dominant factor in scientific innovation [Conference session]. International research and practice conference Ukrainian research area in the conditions of military intervention: adaptability and update of the technical and legal sciences, Kharkiv-Riga, Ukraine-Latvia. Available at https://dspace.library.khai.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/2759/ Agapova.pdf?sequence=1.

2. Koch Snowflake. Available at https://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Koch-snowflake/.

3. Nikolaeva, E. V. (2014). Paradigmatic constants and structural-semantic patterns of digital culture. Observatory of Culture. No. 3. S. 29-30.

4. Pareyon, G. (2007). Fractal theory and language: A form of macrolinguistics. Available at https://www.academia.edu/6085394/fractal_theory_and_language_the_form_of_.

5. Shchyhlo, L.V. (2021). Fractal-network word formation dimension. In S.O. Shvachko (Ed.), Modes of modern translation studies (pp.140-146). Available at https://lib.sumdu. edu.ua/library/DocumentDescription?docid= USH.7580704.

6. Shchyhlo, L.V., Vorfolomeiev, M.S. (2022). Philological researches in the context of transdisciplinarity: a fractal scale-free derivational network modeling. In Modern aspects of science/ 21st volume of the international collective monograph (pp. 204-221). Czech Republic. Mezinarodni Ekonomicky Institut s.r.o.

7. What is sustainable development? (2023). Available at https://sd4ua.org/shho-take-stalijrozvitok/.

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