Structural features of two-way translation of complex agricultural terms

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National university of life and environmental sciences of Ukraine

English philology department

Structural features of two-way translation of complex agricultural terms

S. Kachmarchyk, PhD in Ped. Sci.,

Ass. Professor

Kyiv



Abstract

This research delves into the structural intricacies of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian and English, scrutinizing linguistic nuances, cultural connotations, and technical dimensions. Complex terms, examined in terms of their morphological variations and syntactic differences, were identified as key challenges in bilateral translation. Cultural specificity and regional variations in Ukrainian terms added layers of complexity. The findings underscore the significance of understanding the structural features for accurate translation in the agricultural domain, emphasizing the interplay of linguistic precision, cultural sensitivity, and technical expertise. Translation examples highlight variations and propose context-aware solutions, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach. These examples reveal challenges in conveying the holistic nature of Ukrainian terms in English, emphasizing the need for context-specific solutions. Recommendations for translators include creating glossaries, collaborating with experts since the translation is not a solitary activity. It involves communication and interaction with other translators, clients, agronomists, reviewers, and experts. Also, it is extremely significant to utilize translation technologies and tools wisely. Looking into the future, areas of further research include the study of translation technologies impact on agricultural translation, consideration of regional variations, the dynamic nature of agricultural language, and interdisciplinary collaboration. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of agricultural translation, providing insights into complexities and offering practical guidance for translators.

Keywords: agricultural translation, cross-cultural translation, linguistic nuances, morphological complexity, compounded terms, effective translation strategies.



Анотація

Структурні особливості двостороннього перекладу складних аграрних термінів

С. Качмарчик, к.п.н., доцент кафедри англійської філології, Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, Київ

Це дослідження заглиблюється в структурні тонкощі складних аграрних термінів українською та англійською мовами, ретельно досліджуючи мовні нюанси, культурні конотації та технічні аспекти. Складні терміни, досліджені з точки зору їх морфологічних варіацій і синтаксичних відмінностей, були визначені як ключові проблеми двостороннього перекладу. Культурна специфіка та регіональні відмінності в українських термінах додали складності. Отримані результати підкреслюють важливість розуміння структурних особливостей для точного перекладу в галузі сільського господарства, підкреслюючи взаємодію лінгвістичної точності, культурної чутливості та технічного досвіду.

Приклади перекладу підкреслюють варіації та пропонують рішення з урахуванням контексту, наголошуючи на необхідності цілісного підходу. Ці приклади розкривають труднощі в передачі цілісної природи українських термінів англійською мовою, наголошуючи на необхідності контекстно-залежних рішень. Рекомендації для перекладачів включають створення глосаріїв, співпрацю з експертами, оскільки переклад не є самостійною діяльністю. Це спілкування та взаємодія з іншими перекладачами, клієнтами, агрономами, рецензентами та експертами. Крім того, надзвичайно важливо розумно використовувати технології та інструменти перекладу.

Дивлячись у майбутнє, сфери подальших досліджень включають вивчення впливу технологій перекладу на переклад текстів аграрного спрямування, врахування регіональних відмінностей, динамічного характеру аграрної мови та міждисциплінарну співпрацю. Це дослідження робить внесок у розвиток аграрного перекладу, надаючи розуміння складності та пропонуючи практичні поради для перекладачів.

Ключові слова: переклад аграрної лексики, міжкультурний переклад, лінгвістичні нюанси, морфологічна складність, складні терміни, ефективні стратегії перекладу



Introduction

The intricate and multifaceted nature of agriculture necessitates effective communication across linguistic boundaries, emphasizing the pivotal role of translation in this domain. Agriculture, as a global industry, relies on international exchange of knowledge and expertise, practices, and technologies to enhance productivity and sustainability. This international collaboration requires precise and accurate translation of complex agricultural terms, making it a crucial aspect of communication within the agricultural community.

Agriculture operates on a global scale, with stakeholders ranging from farmers and researchers to policymakers and consumers. The dissemination of information and best practices across linguistic barriers is imperative for fostering innovation, improving yields, and addressing challenges such as climate change and food security. Translation serves as the linchpin that enables the transfer of knowledge and expertise, facilitating collaboration among diverse agricultural communities worldwide.

In an era of rapid technological advancements, where agricultural research findings are shared across continents, effective translation becomes a catalyst for progress. The success of agricultural initiatives, the implementation of sustainable practices, and the adoption of cutting-edge technologies all hinge on the ability to accurately convey complex concepts and terminologies across languages. This underscores the critical need for a nuanced understanding of the structural features of agricultural terms during translation processes.

The translation of agricultural terms from Ukrainian to English and vice versa presents a unique set of challenges rooted in linguistic, cultural, and domain-specific nuances.

Agricultural terminology is often highly specialized, with terms reflecting not only scientific precision but also embedded cultural and regional contexts. The divergence in agricultural practices, climate, and flora/fauna between Ukraine and English-speaking countries further complicates the translation process.

One prominent challenge lies in the intrinsic differences between Ukrainian and English, both linguistically and culturally. The languages exhibit variations in syntax, morphology, and semantic structures, impacting the direct equivalence of agricultural terms. Additionally, agriculture is deeply intertwined with cultural practices, and certain terms may lack direct equivalents in the target language, requiring creative and context-sensitive translation strategies.

Moreover, the significance of translating complex agricultural terms extends beyond linguistic accuracy; it directly influences decision-making processes. Misinterpretation or inadequate translation can lead to misunderstandings, misapplications of agricultural practices, and, in extreme cases, economic losses or environmental damage. Precision in translation is, therefore, not merely an academic pursuit but a practical necessity for ensuring the effective communication of agricultural knowledge and practices.

Methodology. The study of the structural features of two-way translation from Ukrainian to English of complex agricultural terms involved a complex and multifaceted approach. The primary objective was to gain insights into the challenges and nuances of translating agricultural terminology, considering linguistic, cultural, and domain- specific factors.

Sources of agricultural terms in Ukrainian: The initial stage of our research involved the compilation of a diverse and representative corpus of agricultural terms in Ukrainian. To achieve this, a combination of sources was utilized, namely: specialized dictionaries and glossaries, agricultural publications and journals, expert consultation.

Criteria for Selecting Complex Terms: Then the criteria for identifying complex agricultural terms were defined to ensure a focused and meaningful analysis:

* Technical Complexity: Terms that encompassed intricate technical details, requiring a deep understanding of agricultural practices, were prioritized. This criterion aimed to capture the domain-specific complexity inherent in agricultural terminology.

• Linguistic Ambiguity: Terms with potential linguistic ambiguity, where a direct one-to-one translation might be challenging, were included. This criterion sought to highlight linguistic challenges in conveying precise meanings across languages.

• Cultural Specificity: Terms deeply rooted in Ukrainian agricultural practices and culture, with potential lack of direct equivalents in English, were given special attention. This criterion addressed the cultural nuances present in agricultural terminology.

Translation Process: The translation process was a meticulous and iterative procedure designed to uncover the structural features of the selected complex agricultural terms. There were several key steps included:

• Initial Translation: A team of bilingual translators proficient in both Ukrainian and English performed initial translations of the identified complex terms. This step aimed to capture the immediate linguistic challenges.

• Comparison and Analysis: The translated terms were then compared to identify variations in structure, meaning, and cultural connotations. The analysis focused on uncovering linguistic subtleties and cultural nuances that could influence the accuracy of the translations.

• Back-Translation: To validate the accuracy of the initial translations, a separate team conducted back-translations of the terms from English to Ukrainian. Discrepancies between the original Ukrainian terms and the back-translated versions were carefully examined.

This comprehensive methodology aimed to uncover the intricate structural features of two-way translation from Ukrainian into English for complex agricultural terms, acknowledging the multifaceted nature of linguistic, cultural, and technical challenges within the agricultural domain. The combination of linguistic analysis, expert consultation, and translation tools contributed to a robust exploration of the research objectives.

Thus, the aim of this article is to explore and analyze the structural features of two-way translation between Ukrainian and English concerning complex agricultural terms. By delving into the challenges posed by linguistic and cultural disparities, the article aims to provide insights that can inform and improve translation practices in the agricultural domain. Through empirical analysis and examples, we seek to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on agricultural translation, offering practical recommendations for translators, researchers, and stakeholders engaged in cross-cultural agricultural communication.



Literature review

In examining recent research on the translation of agricultural terms, it is evident that scholars have recognized the significance of accurate translation in facilitating international collaboration and knowledge exchange within the agricultural sector. This literature review will discuss key findings from relevant studies, focusing on works published up to 2023, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges associated with translating complex agricultural terms, especially between Ukrainian and English.

Issues of English agricultural terminology translation into Ukrainian are researched by many Ukrainian linguists and philologists as S. Amelina, D. Kaporovska and L. Kozub, K. Tishechkina, R. Makhachashvili, L. Mosiyevych and T. Kurbatova, M. Lychuk, O. Romaniuk and others. (Amelina, 2016; Kaporovska & Kozub, 2016; Tishechkina, 2016; Makhachashvili, Mosiyevych & Kurbatova, 2023; Lychuk & Romaniuk 2023).

K. Tishechkina examines derivatives translation of some agricultural terms (agriculture, grain, cereal etc.) through the prism of etymology (Tishechkina, 2016). D. Kaporovska and L. Kozub study mainly the stylistic aspect of the English agricultural terms (Kaporovska & Kozub, 2016). S. Amelina carries out research in the area of grammatical peculiarities of German- Ukrainian translation of agricultural discourse (Amelina, 2016). R. Makhachashvili, L. Mosiyevych and T. Kurbatova apply an integrated approach to the issue of translating English agro-engineering terminology (Makhachashvili, Mosiyevych & Kurbatova, 2023).

M. Lychuk, O. Romaniuk noted that the sphere of agricultural industry has undergone intensive development in recent years (this development continues even today), therefore, the terminology of this sphere needs special attention during translation (Lychuk & Romaniuk 2023).

O. Snihovska emphasized in her work the importance of clarifying the translation of complex terms by consulting the dictionary (if available) or considering the features of the designated concept and the compatibility of words in context (Snihovska, 2016).

O. Kutsa, M. Karanevych stated that the concept of term is one of the central and controversial issues in linguistic studies (Kutsa & Karanevych, 2020).

N. Sheverun, N. Nikolska, N. Kositska are involved into multi-component terms of transportation organization and transport management translation. Their research concludes that the analysis of the structural features of multi-component terms translation shows that the complexity of the structure of the term narrows its meaning and limits the field of application (Sheverun, Nikolska & Kositska, 2022).

One significant aspect explored in the literature is the linguistic challenges encountered in translating agricultural terminology. Plenty of researchers delve into the linguistic nuances of agricultural terms, emphasizing the need for translators to comprehend the intricate relationships between words in the source and target languages. They argue that a mere word-to- word translation may not capture the full meaning of agricultural terms, which often have cultural and contextual connotations.

Cross-cultural challenges in translating agricultural terms are a recurring theme in a literature. Many linguists and translators highlight the cultural nuances embedded in agricultural terms and the potential for misunderstanding when translating between languages with different agricultural traditions. They emphasize the importance of cultural sensitivity and contextual awareness for accurate translation.

The domain-specific nature of agricultural terminology requires a specialized approach to translation. Mariia Lychuk and Olha Romaniuk conducted a comprehensive analysis of translation strategies employed by professionals in the agricultural domain. Their findings highlight the importance of domain expertise in producing accurate translations and suggest that a combination of linguistic and subject matter knowledge is crucial for effective communication (Lychuk & Romaniuk, 2023).

These Ukrainian studies complement international research by providing a local perspective on the challenges and structural difficulties inherent in translating complex agricultural terms. They contribute valuable insights into the specific linguistic and cultural considerations that shape the translation landscape in the context of Ukrainian agriculture.

In exploring the landscape of research on the structural features of complex agricultural terms that should be taken into account when translating from Ukrainian into English, it is essential to acknowledge the contributions of Ukrainian scholars to this field. While international perspectives provide valuable insights, the work of Ukrainian researchers adds depth by considering the unique linguistic and cultural nuances of the Ukrainian language.

Xiaochuan Zhang in his work «Research on the language characteristics of agricultural English and its translation strategies» emphasizes that in order to carry out translation work efficiently, translators should be equipped with the ability in a comprehensive grasp of agricultural English language characteristics and a grasp of relevant principles, even in formulating and applying relevant translation strategies to assist in the completion of translation work (Xiaochuan Zhang, 2022).

The role of machine translation in addressing challenges in agricultural terminology has been explored by Yang and Li. Their study evaluates the effectiveness of machine translation tools in handling the complexities of agricultural language. While acknowledging the advancements, they also highlight the limitations and the continued need for human expertise in ensuring nuanced and culturally sensitive translations (Yang, Li, 2018).

In synthesizing these studies, it is evident that the translation of complex agricultural terms involves a combination of linguistic, cultural, and domain-specific challenges. While advancements in machine translation show promise, human expertise remains crucial for accurate and contextually nuanced translations. The literature underscores the need for a holistic approach that considers both linguistic precision and cultural context in translating agricultural terminology, providing a solid foundation for the current research's exploration of structural features in Ukrainian-English agricultural translation.



Results and Discussion

The structural characteristics of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian are intricately woven into the linguistic fabric of the language, reflecting the specificity and precision required in the domain. The analysis of these terms reveals a rich tapestry of linguistic, cultural, and technical dimensions, each contributing to the complexity inherent in translating them into English.

S. Kachmarchyk in her research identifies that the main difficulty in translation is the adequate semantic meaning transfer. The translator often manages to overcome the language barrier and reproduces the image of metaphorical expression at the expense of the recipient's language units (Kachmarchyk, 2020).

Translating terms from English into Ukrainian, linguists are primarily trying to find a lexical correspondence that exactly coincides with the meaning of the word. This task is rather complicated, since many terms have appeared not so long ago, thus, it is not always possible to apply them on the realities of Ukraine (Furt, 2018).

Ukrainian agricultural terms often exhibit morphological complexity, involving the use of prefixes, suffixes, and inflections. For example, the term «засухостійкий», meaning «drought-resistant», combines the root «сух» (dry) with prefixes and inflections to convey a nuanced idea not easily captured in a single word in English.

The reproduction of the complex term "підживлення-протизапилення" in English poses a similar challenge, stemming from differences in derivational models between Ukrainian and English terms. The second part of the Ukrainian term, "протизапилення," includes the prefix "проти," indicating opposition or counteraction. This suggests the need to prevent the accidental or unwanted transfer of pollen between plants. In the English equivalent "pollination," this aspect is not as explicitly expressed, as "pollination" by itself simply denotes the process of pollen transfer. Therefore, to more accurately convey the idea of "протизапилення," it might be appropriate to use a term implying prevention or control of pollen transfer, such as "controlled pollination" or "prevention of unwanted pollination." Additionally, some semantic nuances may be lost or inadequately conveyed in the translation. Although the translation preserves the semantics of the core concepts (fertilization and pollination), it may not capture the full spectrum of meaning inherent in the original term within the context of Ukrainian agricultural and horticultural practices. The Ukrainian term also carries a broader context related to plant care.

Morphological variations play a crucial role in accurately translating complex agricultural terms between two languages. Understanding these variations helps maintain the integrity and specificity of the terms being translated. In Ukrainian, for instance, morphology in volve changes in word forms to indicate aspects such as gender, number, case, and tense. Meanwhile, English relies more on word order and context to convey these nuances.

Understanding these variations is important in language learning, as it allows for greater precision in communication. For example, in English, the word «farm» can be morphologically varied to form «farming» (the gerund form), «farmer» (the agent noun form), or «farmland» (the compound noun form). Each variation conveys a slightly different meaning, but all are related to the concept of agriculture. morphological syntactic agrarian term ukrainian english

When translating agricultural terms from Ukrainian to English, it is essential to consider how morphological variations may affect the meaning. For example, the Ukrainian term «сільське господарство» can be translated into English as «agriculture». However, if the morphological variations are not taken into account, it can lead to mistranslations. When translating the analytical term "сільське господарство" from Ukrainian into English using the synthetic form "agriculture," a broader context related to rural lifestyle, cultural nuances, and regional features of agriculture in Ukraine may be lost. The translation of "agriculture" with a transformation of generalization does not always capture these nuances. Another example is the term «зернозбиральний комбайн», which translates to «combine harvester» in English. In the morphological aspect of translating "зернозбиральний комбайн" into English as "combine harvester," the following changes in the form and structure of the term are observed: in Ukrainian, "зернозбиральний" is an adjective formed from the word "зерно," indicating that the combine is designed for harvesting grains. In the English translation, there is a generalization of the meaning of "harvester" and a transformation of the part-of-speech recategorization, changing from an adjective to a noun. Additionally, in the Ukrainian language, the first component of the analytical term uses composition, where two words are combined to create a new word, which is not present in "harvester." From a syntactic perspective, the word order in the original term in Ukrainian is reversed: "зернозбиральний комбайн." In English, the word order is typically direct: "combine harvester."

The correct understanding of morphological variations ensures that the translation conveys the exact meaning intended.

Additional examples of the significance of knowing morphological variations in translating agricultural terms could include:

1. Ukrainian term: «рослинництво» English translation: «botany» (if not taking into account variations). When translating "рослинництво" into English as "botany," the following changes occur in the derivational and semantic aspects. "Рослинництво" is a noun derived from the word "рослина" (plant) and the suffix "-ництво," denoting a sphere, field, or type of activity. On the other hand, "Botany" is also a noun but is derived from the Latin word "botanicus," related to plants. Semantically, "рослинництво" in Ukrainian encompasses the field of knowledge associated with the study of plants and may include aspects of agriculture, botany, and other plant-related areas. In the translation to English, there is a translation transformation towards specification of the ,eaning: "Botany" more narrowly focuses on the scientific study of plants.

Thus, in the translation, the general direction of knowledge related to plants is preserved, but there might be a narrowing of the meaning towards a more strictly botanical context.

2. Ukrainian term: «тваринництво» English translation: «animal husbandry» (if not considering morphological changes). When translating "тваринництво" into English as "animal husbandry," the following changes occur in the derivational and semantic aspects. The synthetic term, a noun formed from the word "тварина" and the suffix "-ництво," denoting a sphere or field of activity, is reproduced as an analytical term in English. In the English term, the second component "husbandry" introduces an additional semantic element of "care" (for animals).

In Ukrainian, complex agricultural terms often consist of multiple components, including prefixes, root words, and suffixes. For example, the term «рослинництво» (plant growing) includes the root word «рослин» (plant) and the suffix «ництво» (growing). Similarly, in English, complex agricultural terms may contain prefixes, root words, and suffixes to convey specific meanings. For instance, the term «agroforestry» combines the root words «agro» (related to agriculture) and «forestry» within a single term. Overall, both Ukrainian and English use structural components to create complex agricultural terms that convey specific meanings related to the field of agriculture.

Ukrainian syntactic structure can differ significantly from English. The positioning of words and phrases within a sentence can impact the meaning of agricultural terms. For instance, «система зрошення», meaning «irrigation system», places emphasis on the irrigation aspect, influencing the overall interpretation. The English equivalent may use a different syntactic structure, influencing the perceived significance of irrigation.

Many Ukrainian agricultural terms are deeply rooted in the country's agricultural traditions and practices. Terms like «господарство», translating to «farmstead» or «homestead», carry cultural connotations related to the Ukrainian rural way of life, encompassing not just farming activities but a broader sense of stewardship.

Ukraine's diverse regions contribute to variations in agricultural terms. Regional dialects and practices influence the vocabulary used. For example, terms related to traditional crops or livestock may have specific regional variations, requiring translators to navigate these nuances.

Some agricultural terms carry historical significance, reflecting the country's agricultural evolution. Words like «колгосп», short for «колективне господарство», meaning «collective farm», evoke the historical context of collective farming during the Soviet era.

The comparison of the structure and nuances of agricultural terms in both Ukrainian and English unveils distinct linguistic and cultural characteristics that pose challenges for effective translation. In this analysis, we assess existing translation strategies and illustrate differences and challenges through specific examples.

Ukrainian agricultural terminology encompasses a specialized vocabulary for different crops, farming practices, and agrotechnical processes. Terms like «підкормка», referring to «top-dressing» or «fertilization», exemplify the need for domain- specific knowledge in translation.

Many agricultural terms in Ukrainian are rooted in scientific language, demanding a high level of precision. The term «біологічна обробка ґрунту», translating to «biological soil treatment», exemplifies the intersection of scientific and agricultural language.

To exemplify these challenges, consider the term «збіжжя» in Ukrainian, which translates to «crops» in English. While the translation captures the general meaning, the Ukrainian term encompasses a more comprehensive notion, including various cultivated grains, underscoring a linguistic nuance challenging to replicate directly.

Existing translation strategies, while effective in conveying general meanings, may struggle to capture the intricate structural and cultural aspects of Ukrainian agricultural terms. Translators often resort to descriptive explanations or adapt concepts to align with the target language's structures, emphasizing the need for context-aware translations.

In examining specific complex agricultural terms and their translations, we can discern variations and solutions that highlight the challenges faced by translators. The examples below illustrate these complexities, drawing on insights from recent scientific research.

Example 1: «Сільгосп»

Source Term: Ukrainian «сільгосп».

Translation: English «agro-industrial complex».

Analysis: The term «сільгосп» encompasses the entirety of agricultural activities, including farming, processing, and distribution. Its English counterpart, «agro- industrial complex», attempts to capture this breadth but introduces a broader industrial connotation. This approach explores the challenges in conveying the holistic nature of Ukrainian «сільгосп» in English translations, emphasizing the need for context-specific solutions.

Example 2: «Органічне господарство»

Source Term: Ukrainian «органічне господарство».

Translation: English «organic farming».

Analysis: While the translation of «органічне господарство» to «organic farming» captures the core idea, we highlight nuances in the perception of organic practices. The Ukrainian term emphasizes holistic, environmentally friendly approaches, while the English translation may be associated more narrowly with cultivation methods. This case emphasizes the importance of considering cultural and environmental connotations.

Example 3: «Механізоване виробництво»

Source Term: Ukrainian «механізоване виробництво».

Translation: English «mechanized production».

Analysis: The translation of «механізоване виробництво» as «mechanized production» captures the technical aspect but may lack the depth of the Ukrainian term. We emphasize the need to convey the integration of machinery and technology in the production process, which goes beyond the narrower connotation of «mechanized».

These example exemplify the complexities inherent in translating specific agricultural terms from Ukrainian to English. The variations observed underscore the challenges in capturing the richness and cultural nuances embedded in these terms. The examples emphasize the importance of context-aware translations, considering not only linguistic equivalences but also the broader cultural, environmental, and technical dimensions of agricultural terminology.

The research findings on the structural features of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian and English carry significant practical implications for translators operating in the agricultural domain. Addressing these implications and implementing targeted recommendations can enhance the precision and effectiveness of translations.

In summary, the structural characteristics of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian are shaped by linguistic intricacies, cultural depth, and technical precision. Translating these terms requires not only linguistic proficiency but also an understanding of Ukraine's agricultural history, regional variations, and the scientific underpinnings of the terminology. The intricate interplay of these factors adds a layer of complexity to the translation process, underscoring the need for a holistic approach that goes beyond linguistic equivalences to capture the full meaning and cultural nuances embedded in Ukrainian agricultural terms.

The comparison of the structure and nuances of agricultural terms in both Ukrainian and English unveils distinct linguistic and cultural characteristics that pose challenges for effective translation. Addressing these challenges requires a combination of linguistic expertise, cultural sensitivity, and an understanding of the agricultural domain, emphasizing the need for nuanced and contextually aware translation strategies.



Conclusion

The study delved into the structural features of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian and English, uncovering linguistic nuances, cultural implications, and technical dimensions. Complex terms, examined in terms of their morphological variations and syntactic differences, were identified as key challenges in bilateral translation. The identified types of morphological, structural, and syntactic variations include: the transformation of a synthetic term in the original into an analytical term in translation, and vice versa; the replacement of Ukrainian terms formed morphologically with terms without affixation, which may impact the semantic nuances in the translation; part-of-speech recategorization; narrowing or expanding the semantics of terms through the use of generalization or specification transformations; changes in word order.

Cultural specificity and regional variations in Ukrainian terms added layers of complexity. The analysis of examples highlighted variations and solutions, underlining the importance of context-aware translations.

Therefore, translators working on complex agricultural terms must possess a deep understanding of both languages' morphological variations to ensure accurate and precise translations. The ability to identify and appropriately adapt these variations is crucial in conveying the intended meaning across languages effectively.

Understanding the structural features of complex agricultural terms in Ukrainian and English is essential for accurate communication, effective translation, and a deeper understanding of the cultural nuances of agricultural practices in both languages. Neglecting these structural features can lead to misinterpretations and hinder effective cross-cultural communication in agricultural contexts.

Future research should include the study of translation technologies impact on agricultural translation, consideration of regional variations, the dynamic nature of agricultural language, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the dynamic nature of agricultural language to further enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of translation within the agricultural domain.

In conclusion, the practical implications of this research underscore the need for a holistic approach that combines linguistic proficiency, cultural sensitivity, and technical expertise in agricultural translation. By implementing the recommended strategies, translators can navigate the challenges posed by complex agricultural terms more effectively, ensuring that the translated content accurately reflects the intricacies of the source language while meeting the communication needs of the target audience.



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8. Amelina S.M. Grammatical peculiarities of translating German agricultural terms into Ukrainian. Philological studies: Scientic collection of papers of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. 2016. №P. 5-11.

9. Каchmarchyk S. Ways of English publicistic metaphoric neologisms translation into Ukrainian. International journal of philology. 2020. Vol. 11. №1. P. 58-65.

10. Kaporovska D.V., Kozub L.S. Ways to achieve the adequacy of translation of English agricultural terms. Philological Studies: the Scientific Publication of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. 2016. №5 P. 49-55.

11. English-Ukrainian translation of two- componential terms in the sphere of energy efficiency. Research Journal of Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University. Series: Philological Sciences (Linguistics). №14. P. 110-115.

12. Lychuk M., Romaniuk O. Specific Translation of English-language agricultural news discourse. Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University. Series «Philology. Journalism» 2023. Vol. 34 (73) №1. P. 1. P. 310-317.

13. Makhachashvili R., Mosiyevych L., Kurbatova T. Semantic and structural challenges of translating modern English agro-engineering terminology into Ukrainian. ACNS Conference Series: Social Sciences and Humanities. 2nd International Conference on New Trends in Linguistics, Literature and Language Education. 2023. Vol. 3. Art. 04003

14. Sheverun N.V., Nikolska N.V., Kositska O.M. Structural features of English multicomponent terms into Ukrainian translation (on the basis of sublanguage of transportation organization and transport management). Transcarpathian Philological Studies. 2022. Vol. 2. №23. P. 207-212.

15. Xiaochuan Zhang Research on the language characteristics of agricultural English and its translation strategies. Journal of Higher Education Research. 2022. Vol. 3. №1. P. 5-8.

16. Yang Q., Li Y. Machine Translation in Agricultural Contexts: A Comparative Study. Journal of Agricultural Technology. 2018. №32(2). P. 189-205.



References

1. Andriiv, R., Medvid, O. (2010). Perekladatskyi aspect anhliiskykh bahatokomponentnykh terminiv [Translational aspect of English multicomponent terms]. Perekladatski innovatsii: Materialy Vseukrainskoinaukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii [Translationinnovations: Materials of the All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Conference]. P. 29-31.

2. Balatska, O., Kuts, O., Pedashev, S. (2019). Osoblyvosti anhlo-ukrainskoho perekladu bahatokomponentnykh terminiv: leksychni transformatsii [Peculiarities of English-Ukrainian translation of multicomponent terms: lexical transformations]. Molodyi vchenyi [Young Scientist]. №5.1 (69.1). P. 14-17.

3. Boiko, D. (2017). Strukturno- semantychni osoblyvosti bahatokompo- nentnykh terminiv anhliiskoi ta ukrainskoi mov [Structural and semantic features of multicomponent terms of the English and Ukrainian languages]. Osvitnii dyskurs. Humanitarni nauky [Educational discourse. Humanities]. Issue 1. P. 155-163.

4. Kozub, L. (2019). Problemni aspekty perekladu bahatokomponentnykh klasteriv anhliiskoi ahrarnoi terminolohiiiu [Problematic aspects of the translation of multicomponent clusters in English agricultural terminology]. Mizhnarodnyi filolohichnyi chasopys [International Philological Journal]. Vol. 10. №5 P. 77-82.

5. Snihovska, O. (2016). Osoblyvosti perekladu anhliiskykh i novohretskykh ekonomichnykh bahatokomponentnykh terminiv [Peculiarities of translation of English and Modern Greek Economic multicomponent terms]. Naukovi zapysky Natsionalnoho universytetu «Ostrozka akademiia». Seriia «Filolohichna» [Scientific Notes of the National University «Ostroh Academy». Philology]. Issue 61. P. 329-332.

6. Tishechkina, K. (2016). Silskohospodarska terminolohiia: etymolohiia ta osoblyvosti perekladu [Agricultural terminology: etymology and features of translation]. Science and Education a New Dimension. Philology. IV (20). Issue. 85. P. 68-71.

7. Furt, D. (2018). Sposoby perekladu terminiv ukrainskoiu movoiu z anhliiskoi [Ways of translating terms from English into Ukrainian]. Filolohichni studii: Naukovyi visnyk Kryvorizkoho derzhavnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu [Philological Studies: the Scientific Publication of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University]. №17. P. 272-281.

8. Amelina, S.M. (2016). Grammatical peculiarities of translating German agricultural terms into Ukrainian. Philological studies: Scientic collection of papers of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. №14. P. 5

9. Kachmarchyk, S. (2020). Ways of English publicistic metaphoric neologisms translation into Ukrainian. International journal of philology. Vol. 11. №1. P. 58-65.

10. Kaporovska, D.V., Kozub, L.S. (2016). Ways to achieve the adequacy of translation of English agricultural terms. Philological Studies: the Scientific Publication of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. №15. P. 49-55.

11. Kutsa, O. I., Karanevych, M. I. (2020). Ways of English-Ukrainian translation of two-componential terms in the sphere of energy efficiency. Research Journal of Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University. Series: Philological Sciences (Linguistics). №12 P. 110-115.

12. Lychuk, M., Romaniuk, O. (2023). Specific Translation of English-language agricultural news discourse. Vcheni zapysky TNU imeni V.I. Vernadskoho. Seriia: Filolohiia. Zhurnalistyka [Scientific Notes of V.

13. Vernadsky Taurida National University. Series: «Philology. Journalism»]. Vol. 34 (73) №1. P. 1. P. 310-317.

14. Makhachashvili, R., Mosiyevych, L. and Kurbatova, T. (2023). Semantic and structural challenges of translating modern English agro-engineering terminology into Ukrainian. ACNS Conference Series: Social Sciences and Humanities. 2nd International Conference on New Trends in Linguistics, Literature and Language Education. Vol. 3. Art. 04003.

15. Sheverun, N.V., Nikolska, N.V., Kositska, O.M. (2022). Structural features of English multicomponent terms into Ukrainian translation (on the basis of sublanguage of transportation organization and transport management). Transcarpathian Philological Studies. Vol. 2. №23. P. 207-212.

16. Xiaochuan Zhang. (2022). Research on the language characteristics of agricultural English and its translation strategies. Journal of Higher Education Research. Vol. 3. №1. P. 5-8.

17. Yang, Q., Li, Y. (2018). Machine Translation in Agricultural Contexts: A Comparative Study. Journal of Agricultural Technology. № 32(2). P. 189-205.

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