Proceedings before regional commission for evaluation of medical events (RCME) in Poland as an extrajudicial method of resolving civil disputes involving patients
Analysis of the place and significance of Alternative Dispute Resolution in the healthcare sector by involving the Regional Commission for the assessment of medical events under Polish law. Evaluation of its effectiveness in comparison with the judicial.
| Рубрика | Государство и право |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 17.05.2022 |
| Размер файла | 28,7 K |
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When considering and in consequence resolving a given case, the Commission - in addition to evidence collected and taken in the course of proceedings - takes into account the position of Polish doctrine and jurisprudence, in which it is assumed that in court disputes involving patients, the establishment with certainty of a causal relationship between the doctor's conduct and the resulting damage is usually impossible. The reason for this is that, in the light of medical knowledge, in most cases it is possible to talk about the probability of a high degree, and rarely about the certainty or exclusivity of the cause Judgment of the Supreme Court of 17 October 2007, II CSK 385/07, Legalis.. In the opinion of the Commission, it should be emphasized that if in proceedings involving the patient an attempt is made to demonstrate the cause of damage as certain, it should be borne in mind that if there is a high probability that the circumstance was the cause of the damage, the causal relationship can be considered established. It is assumed that these processes do not require that the cause of the damage is demonstrated with absolute certainty Judgment of the Regional Court in Olsztyn of 11 June 2015, IX Ca 229/15, Legalis No. 1310353..
In the Commission's opinion, the evidentiary difficulties related to this often mean that the relaxed premises for establishing a causal relationship should be accepted. If there is a high probability that the circumstance was the cause of the damage, the causal relationship can be considered established Justification of the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Katowice of 17 October 2013, I ACA 594/13, Legalis No. 746548.. The Commission, when making the decision, often has the opportunity to determine that the operation of medical personnel was not properly diligent and partly not in accordance with current medical knowledge, which with high degree of probability could have been the reason for the occurrence of a medical event. However, it is important to underline that this conclusion is not based on certainty, but on probability, the application of which is justified. The justification for this position may be, among others, delayed diagnostics, careless conduct of medical staff, which in consequence led to the use of improper treatment, while delaying the correct diagnosis. The task of the Commission is to assess whether the applicant demonstrated a causal relationship between incorrect treatment of the patient and, e.g., health disorder leading to death.
5. Judicial activity of the Commission in Poland - summary remarks
Undoubtedly, the introduction by the legislator to the Polish legal system of a new method of settling disputes with the participation of patients has contributed to some extent to relieving the system of justice. Taking into account the statistics of the functioning of the Regional Commission for Evaluation of Medical Events in Szczecin, from 2012 to the end of the second quarter of 2019, only 356 applications for establishing a medical event have been submitted. In the years 2012-2019 (until the end of the second quarter of 2019), the Commission in Szczecin issued 80 decisions on medical events, which are the basis for submission of proposal of compensation and redress by the insurer or the director of a medical entity. In the years 2012-2017, the annual average number of claims for compensation filed with the regional and district courts of the first instance reached 905 Pozasqdowe dochodzenie roszczen przez pacjentow - Informacja o wynikach kontroli, KZD.430.005.2018, Reg. No. 163/2018/P/18/057/KZD, p. 14, . There is a noticeable view that proceedings before the commission, as a way of obtaining compensation, have not become a real alternative to court proceedings. However, it seems that explicit criticism of this solution is not justified. Certainly, with the introduction of this alternative dispute resolution method, the awareness of patients who are more and more willing to exercise their rights has increased. For this reason alone, it is necessary to appreciate this form of ADR, which, due to its deformalized nature, often enables the breaking of barriers, the occurrence of which contributes to patients' resignation from pursuing their claims.
medical law polish
List of legal acts
1. Act of 2 April 1997 -- the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws, No. 78, item 483).
2. Act of 23 April 1964 -- the Civil Code (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1145, hereinafter referred to as: CC).
3. Act of 17 November 1964 -- the Code of Civil Procedure (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1460).
4. Act of 5 December 1996 on the professions of doctor and dentist (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 537).
5. Act of 6 November 2008 on patient rights and the Commissioner for Patients' Rights (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1127).
6. Act of 23 January 2009 on the voivode and government administration in the voivodeship (i.e. Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1464).
7. Act of 28 April 2010 amending the Act on patient rights and the Commissioner for Patients' Rights (Journal of Laws of 2011, № 113, item 660).
8. Act of 15 April 2011 on medical activity (Journal of Laws of 2018, item 2190).
9. Act of 15 July 2011 on the professions of nurse and midwife (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 576).
10. Judgment of the Supreme Court of 17 October 2007, II CSK 385/07, Legalis.
11. Judgment of the Regional Court in Olsztyn of 11 June 2015, IX Ca 229/15, Legalis № 1310353.
12. Justification of the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Katowice of 17 October 2013, I ACA 594/13, Legalis № 746548.
13. Bujny J. Prawa pacjenta. Mi^dzy autonomi^ a paternalizmem, Warszawa 2006.
14. Frqckowiak H. Postpowanie przed Wojewodzkq Komisjq do spraw orzekania o zdarzeniach medycznych, Warsaw 2016.
15. Karkowska D. Ustawa o prawach pacjenta i Rzeczniku Praw Pacjenta. Komentarz, Warsaw 2012.
16. Karkowska D. in: Karkowska D., Chojnacki J. Postpowanie przed wojewodzkq komisjq do spraw orzekania o zdarzeniach medycznych, Warszawa 2014.
17. Klich A. RODO w post^powaniu przed Wojewodzkq Komisjq ds. Orzekania o Zdarzeniach Medycznych, in: K. Flaga-Gieruszynska, J. Golaczynski (eds) Ochrona danych osobowych w postpowaniach sqdowych i przed organami administracji publicznej.
18. Kowalewski E., Sliwka M., WalachowskaM. Kompensacja szkod wyniklych z bl^dow medycznych. Ocena projektowanych rozwiqzan prawnych, „Prawo i Medycyna”, №. 4, Warsaw 2010.
19. Kunicki I., w: Kunicki I., Sadowska J. Postpowanie przed wojewodzk komisjq do spraw orzekania o zdarzeniach medycznych. Komentarz do art. 67a-67o ustawy o prawach pacjenta i Rzeczniku Praw Pacjenta, Legalis 2016.
20. Liszewska A. Odpowiedzialnosc karna lekarza za blqd w sztuce lekarskiej, Krakow 1998.
21. Liszewska A. Odpowiedzialnosc karna lekarza za blqd w sztuce medycznej, EP 2009, № 5.
22. Marek Z. BlqJ medyczny, odpowiedzialnosc etyczno-deontologiczna i prawna lekarza, Krakow 2007.
23. Moskal A., Waszkiewicz K. Zastosowanie alternatywnych metod rozwiqzywania sporow w sprawach dotyczqcych zdarzen medycznych, ADR 2017, № 3.
24. Ogieglo L. Ustawa o zawodach lekarza i lekarza dentysty. Komentarz, Legalis 2015.
25. Przybycien A., Szewczyk P. Terra incognita czyli o alternatywnym sposobie kom- pensacji szkod medycznych, Nowe prawo medyczne -- zbior referatow, EP 2012 (supplement), № 1.
26. Raszeja S. Zagadnienia prawno-medyczne ze szczegolnym uwzgl^dnieniem odpo- wiedzialnosci prawnej lekarza, in: S. Raszeja, Wl. Nasilkowski, J. Markiewicz, Medycyna sqdowa. Podrcznik dla studentow, Warszawa 1993.
27. Rutkowski S. Wybrane zagadnienia z zakresu odpowiedzialnosci karnej lekarza, Prok. i Pr. 1999, № 9.
28. Sadowska J. Postpowanie przed wojewodzk komisjq do spraw orzekania o zda- rzeniach medycznych, Sopot 2015.
29. Serwach M. Odpowiedzialnosc za zdarzenia medyczne wedlug nowego prawa -- pytania i odpowiedzi, Medycyna Praktyczna 2011, No. 9.
30. Pozasqdowe dochodzenie roszczen przez pacjentow -- Informacja o wynikach kontroli, KZD.430.005.2018, Reg. № 163/2018/P/18/057/KZD, p. 14.
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