People's sovereignty - the fundamental principle of constitutionalism
Constitutionalism as a fundamental idea, doctrine and concept. People’s sovereignty as a marker of direct participation of the people in the exercise of state power. One of the ascending foundations of constitutional democratic ideology is popular soverei
Рубрика | Государство и право |
Вид | статья |
Язык | английский |
Дата добавления | 21.07.2024 |
Размер файла | 19,8 K |
Отправить свою хорошую работу в базу знаний просто. Используйте форму, расположенную ниже
Студенты, аспиранты, молодые ученые, использующие базу знаний в своей учебе и работе, будут вам очень благодарны.
Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/
Uzhhorod National University
People's sovereignty - the fundamental principle of constitutionalism
Veronika Berch,
Department of Constitutional Law and Comparative Law
Candidate of Juridical Science, Associate Professor
НАРОДНИЙ СУВЕРЕНІТЕТ -
ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНИЙ ПРИНЦИП КОНСТИТУЦІОНАЛІЗМУ
Вероніка Берч,
доцент кафедри конституційного права та порівняльного правознавства,
Ужгородський національний університет, кандидат юридичних наук, доцент
Анотація
Мета. Наукова стаття присвячена дослідженню народного суверенітету як фундаментального принципу конституціоналізму.
Методи дослідження. Методологічною основою наукової статті є комплекс загальних та спеціально-наукових методів пізнання. Автором було застосовано метод аналізу та синтезу, метод опису та спостереження, моделювання, формально-юридичний, аксіоматичний та логіко-семантичний методи наукового пізнання.
Результати та висновки. Ідея народного суверенітету була предметом наукового аналізу видатних філософів, істориків, політологів та інших дослідників. Проблематика безпосереднього народовладдя в контексті ідеї народного суверенітету у конституційній державі є завжди актуальною з огляду на динаміку розвитку суспільних відносин та еволюцію демократичних процесів у світі. Зі змінами у політико-правовому, соціокультурному та економічному спектрі відбувся стрімкий широкоаспектний прорив наукової думки щодо розуміння ідеї демократії вцілому.
Підкреслено, сутність народного суверенітету як базового правового принципу існування держави полягає у вираженні волі та інтересів народу, розвитку суспільства у межах цих інтересів згідно чинного законодавства. Народне повновладдя у політичному контексті є єдиним, здійснюється у формі державної влади від імені всього народу або місцевої влади, котра представляє ту чи іншу територіальну громаду, відповідно до їх функціонального призначення.
Акцентовано, конституціоналізм є не лише політико-правовою доктриною, ідеєю, але і практикою застосування у державах світу.
Зауважено, основою конституціоналізму у тій чи іншій державі завжди є певна конституційна ідеологія, під якою варто розуміти фундаментальні (засадничі) принципи, ідеї, концепції, доктрини, котрі виникають та розвиваються в тандемі з конституційною державою.
Встановлено, реалізація прямого народовладдя за територіальною ознакою може здійснюватись як у межах окремої адміністративно-територіальної одиниці (форми безпосередньої демократії локального рівня) чи держави в цілому (участь у законотворчому процесі, загальнодержавні вибори та референдуми тощо), так і на міжнародній арені. В останньому випадку йдеться про можливість народу прагнути до самовизначення, утворення окремої незалежної держави, входження до наднаціональних організацій.
Ключові слова: народовладдя, народ, народний суверенітет, конституціоналізм, безпосередня демократія.
Summary
Purpose. The scientific article is devoted to the study of popular sovereignty as a fundamental principle of constitutionalism.
Research methods. The methodological basis of the scientific article is a complex of general and special scientific methods of cognition. The author used the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of description and observation, modeling, formal-legal, axiomatic and logical-semantic methods of scientific knowledge.
Results and conclusions. The idea of popular sovereignty has been the subject of scientific analysis by prominent philosophers, historians, political scientists and other researchers. The issue of direct people's power in the context of the idea of popular sovereignty in a constitutional state is always relevant in view of the dynamics of the development of social relations and the evolution of democratic processes in the world. With the changes in the political-legal, socio-cultural and economic spectrum, there was a rapid wide-ranging breakthrough of scientific opinion regarding the understanding of the idea of democracy as a whole.
It is emphasized that the essence of people's sovereignty as the basic legal principle of the state's existence consists in the expression of the will and interests of the people, the development of society within the limits of these interests in accordance with the current legislation. People's authority in the political context is unified, it is exercised in the form of state power on behalf of the entire people or local government representing one or another territorial community, in accordance with their functional purpose.
Emphasized, constitutionalism is not only a political and legal doctrine, an idea, but also a practice of application in the states of the world.
It has been noted that the basis of constitutionalism in one or another state is always a certain constitutional ideology, which should be understood as fundamental (fundamental) principles, ideas, concepts, doctrines that arise and develop in tandem with the constitutional state.
It has been established that the implementation of direct people's power on a territorial basis can be carried out both within the boundaries of a separate administrative-territorial unit (a form of direct democracy at the local level) or the state as a whole (participation in the law-making process, national elections and referenda, etc.), and in the international arena. In the latter case, it is about the people's ability to strive for self-determination, the formation of a separate independent state, and joining supranational organizations.
Key words: people's rule, people, people's sovereignty, constitutionalism, direct democracy.
Introduction
People's power is a dynamic system of power relations, which not only concentrates the main features of the supremacy of the power of the people, but also ensures the implementation of its state-legal status - popular sovereignty, the manifestation of which is largely determined by how the mechanism of people's power works (Todyka, 2007, р. 142). People's power is also considered in modern legal literature as «constitutional power of the people» (Barabash, 2010, p. 312-322; Yushchyk) and «state power of the people» (Havrylov, 2007).
The idea of popular sovereignty has been the subject of scientific analysis by prominent philosophers, historians, political scientists and other researchers. The issue of direct people's power in the context of the idea of popular sovereignty in a constitutional state is always relevant in view of the dynamics of the development of social relations and the evolution of democratic processes in the world. With the changes in the political-legal, socio-cultural and economic spectrum, there was a rapid wide-ranging breakthrough of scientific opinion regarding the understanding of the idea of democracy as a whole.
Constitutionalism as a fundamental idea, doctrine and concept
From the point of view of A. Krusyan, the concept of «constitutionalism» has three dimensions - legal, political, and philosophical-historical. In the first case, in the legal context, the scientist proposes to understand the mentioned phenomenon in a narrow (the existence of state power in accordance with constitutional principles) and a broad (a complex system of political and legal nature) (Krusian, 2010, р. 72).
From the point of view of M. Shapoval, the concept of «constitutionalism» embodies the ideology of political and legal direction, the peculiarities of the exercise of state powers within the limits defined by the constitution, as well as fundamental developments in accordance with one or another historical period of the development of the state and society (Shapoval, 2005, p. 17).
As for the broad interpretation, constitutionalism is not only a political and legal doctrine, an idea, but also a practice of application in the states of the world (Stetsiuk, 2010, p. 7). According to M. Savchyn, constitutionalism is primarily a social phenomenon, as it embodies a set of ideas, concepts and views regarding the understanding of the constitution and the peculiarities of the application of its provisions in practice (Savchyn, 2009, p. 19).
Scientist D. Belov introduces the concept of «paradigm of constitutionalism» into scientific circulation, under which he proposes to understand «a set of ideal fragments of constitutional reality (concepts, values, principles, ideas and practices) that are shared by society at a given stage of state development and form a defined vision of constitutionalism, as well as specific directions for solving the problems of constitutionalism» (Bielov, 2012, p. 33).
According to O. Rohach and D. Belov, the concept of paradigm in the scope of the disciplinary matrix is more suitable for constitutionalism. Its narrowminded interpretation leads to significant difficulties in distinguishing with such concepts as constitutional ideas, principles of constitutionalism, constitutional axioms, constitutional constructions, etc. (Bielov & Rohach, 2022), p. 40).
The basis of constitutionalism in one or another state is always a certain constitutional ideology, which should be understood as fundamental (fundamental) principles, ideas, concepts, doctrines that arise and develop in tandem with the constitutional state (Stetsiuk, 2004, p. 179).
People's sovereignty as a marker of direct participation of the people in the exercise of state power
In terms of philosophical views of P.I. Novgorodtsev regarding consideration of the concept of popular sovereignty through the prism of the realization of the power of the people by state bodies. The nation, considered as a state, is primarily an organization, and every organization inevitably involves a certain arrangement of elements, separation of organs from the general mass, opposition and subordination of one to another. No matter how democratic this organization is in its foundations, it always and inevitably requires bodies separated from the totality of citizens, and no matter how many guarantees are created to establish the dependence of these bodies on the people, in practice they will always have a known right of disposition and discretion, known independence. The researcher defines the will of the people as just and unchanging, but in practice it is only the will of everyone, changeable, unstable in its private desires. In the unlimited rule of the majority lies the same injustice to the individual forced to obey it, as in the unlimited rule of the minority over the majority (Novhorodtsev, 2000).
One of the ascending foundations of constitutional democratic ideology is popular sovereignty. Scholar O. Shcherbanyuk in her dissertation for the Doctor of Laws degree on the topic: «People's sovereignty in the political and legal construction of the modern state» rightly notes that the essence of people's sovereignty as the basic legal principle of the state's existence is the expression of the will and interests of the people, the development of society within the limits of these interests according to current legislation. People's authority in the political context is unified, it is exercised in the form of state power on behalf of the entire people or a local government representing one or another territorial community, in accordance with their functional purpose (Shcherbaniuk, 2014, p. 25).
Also worthy of attention is the monographic study by O. Shcherbanyuk entitled «People's sovereignty in the theory of political and legal teachings: historical school», which contains an analysis of the fundamental concepts of people's sovereignty, the features of enshrining the principle of people's sovereignty in the legislation of foreign countries (Shcherbaniuk, 2013).
The work of the researcher Prieshkina O.V is very interesting. «Constitutional system of Ukraine: topical issues of formation, institutionalization and development», in which, among other things, emphasis was placed on determining the sovereignty of the people as the basis of the constitutional system ( Priieshkina, 2008).
Separate issues of the implementation of state- authority functions by the people were also the subject of Yu. Miroshnichenko's scientific research. Among other things, the researcher considered the specifics of ensuring the constitutionality of decisions of the Ukrainian people (Miroshnychenko, 2011).
Conclusions
Realization of direct people's power on a territorial basis can be carried out both within the boundaries of a separate administrative-territorial unit (a form of direct democracy at the local level) or the state as a whole (participation in the law-making process, national elections and referenda, etc.), and in the international arena. In the latter case, it is about the people's ability to strive for self-determination, the formation of a separate independent state, and joining supranational organizations.
Finally, we note that the legal category «popular sovereignty» cannot be considered without an analysis of the rule of law, the supreme power of the people, constitutionalism and democracy as a whole. The concept of «people's rule» is not the same as people's sovereignty, since the existence of people's rule in a state does not mean that the principle of people's sovereignty is ensured. Presence in the state system and real observance of the principle of people's sovereignty is an important indicator of the existence of democratic foundations for the functioning of the state and civil society.
Bibliography
Тодика, О. (2007). Народовладдя на трансформаційному етапі розвитку держави і суспільства: монографія. Харків: Право, 480 с.
Барабаш, Ю. (2010). Установча влада Українського народу - конституційний феномен. Право України, С. 312-322.
Ющик, О. Конституційно-правові проблеми установчої влади в Україні. URL: http://www. viche.info/journal/1778/.
Гаврилов, М.І. (2007). Філософія демократичної державності (автореф. дис. ... докт. філософ. наук: спец. 09.00.03). Дніпропетровськ, 43 с.
Крусян, А. (2010). Сучасний український конституціоналізм: монографія. Київ: Юрінком Ін- тер, 560 с.
Шаповал, В. (2005). Сучасний конституціоналізм: монографія. Київ: Салком; Юрінком Ін- тер, 560 с.
Стецюк, П. (2010). Конституційний Суд України як суб'єкт формування сучасного українського конституціоналізму (до постановки проблеми). Право України, 6, С. 70-74.
Савчин, М. (2009). Конституціоналізм і природа конституції': монографія. Ужгород: Ліра, 372 с.
Бєлов, Д. (2012). Парадигма конституціоналізму: теоретичні питання. Науковий вісник Ужгородського національного університету. Серія. Право, 18, С. 31-33.
Бєлов, Д., Рогач О. (2022). Категорія «парадигма» в сучасних умовах функціонування української держави: теоретичні засади. Аналітично-порівняльне правознавство, 1, С. 37-41.
Стецюк, П. (2004). Про дефініцію категорії «конституціоналізм». Вісник Львів. ун-ту. Серія юридична, 39, С. 171-180.
Новгородцев, П. (2000). Введение в философию права. Кризис современного правосознания. Лань, 352 с.
Щербанюк, О.В. (2014). Народний суверенітет в політико-правовому будівництві сучасної держави (автореф. дис. . докт. юрид. наук: спец. 12.00.02). Київ, 36 с.
Щербанюк, О. (2013). Народний суверенітет у теорії політико-правових вчень: історична школа: монографія. Київ: Логос, 182 с.
Прієшкіна, О. (2008). Конституційний лад України: актуальні питання становлення, інсти- туціоналізації та розвитку: монографія. Фенікс, 280 с.
Мірошниченко, Ю. (2011). Влада Українського народу та шляхи забезпечення конституцій- ності його рішень. Віче, 21, С. 8-11.
References
Todyka, O. (2007). Narodovladdia na transformatsiinomu etapi rozvytku derzhavy i sus- pilstva: monohrafiia [People's power at the transformational stage of state and society development: monograph]. Kharkiv: Pravo. [in Ukrainian].
Barabash, Yu. (2010). Ustanovcha vlada Ukrainskoho narodu - konstytutsiinyi fenomen [The constituent power of the Ukrainian people is a constitutional phenomenon]. Pravo Ukrainy - Law of Ukraine, 312-322. [in Ukrainian].
Yushchyk, O. Konstytutsiino-pravovi problemy ustanovchoi vlady v Ukraini [Constitutional and legal problems of the constituent power in Ukraine]. Available from: http://www.viche.info/ journal/1778/ [in Ukrainian].
Havrylov, M.I. (2007). Filosofiia demo- kratychnoi derzhavnosti [The philosophy of democratic statehood]. (Extended abstract of Doctor's thesis). Dnipropetrovsk. [in Ukrainian].
Krusian, A. (2010). Suchasnyi ukrainskyi konstytutsionalizm: monohrafiia [Modern Ukrainian constitutionalism: monograph]. Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter. [in Ukrainian].
Shapoval, V. (2005). Suchasnyi konsty- tutsionalizm: monohrafiia [Modern constitutionalism: monograph]. Kyiv: Salkom; Yurinkom Inter, [in Ukrainian].
Stetsiuk, P. (2010). Konstytutsiinyi Sud Ukrainy yak subiekt formuvannia suchasnoho ukrainskoho konstytutsionalizmu (do postanovky problemy) [The Constitutional Court of Ukraine as a subject of the formation of modern Ukrainian constitutionalism (before posing the problem)]. Pravo Ukrainy - Law of Ukraine, 6, 70-74. [in Ukrainian].
Savchyn, M. (2009). Konstytutsionalizm i pryroda konstytutsii: monohrafiia [Constitutionalism and the nature of the constitution: monograph]. Uzhhorod: Lira. [in Ukrainian].
Bielov, D. (2012). Paradyhma konstytu-
tsionalizmu: teoretychni pytannia [Paradigm of
constitutionalism: theoretical issues]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia. Pravo - Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod National University. Series. Law, 18, 31-33. [in Ukrainian].
Bielov, D. & Rohach O. (2022). Katehoriia «paradyhma» v suchasnykh umovakh funktsionuvannia ukrainskoi derzhavy: teoretychni zasady [The category of «paradigm» in modern conditions of functioning of the Ukrainian state: theoretical foundations].
Analitychno-porivnialne pravoznavstvo - Analytical and comparative jurisprudence, 1, 37-41. [in
Ukrainian].
Stetsiuk, P. (2004). Pro definitsiiu katehorii «konstytutsionalizm» [About the definition of the category «constitutionalism»]. Visnyk Lviv, un-tu. Seriia yurydychna - Visnyk Lviv. University. Legal series, 39, 171-180. [in Ukrainian].
Novhorodtsev, P. (2000). Vvedenye v fylosofyiu prava. Kryzys sovremennoho pravosoznanyia [Introduction to the philosophy of law. The crisis of modern legal consciousness]. Lan. [in Ukrainian].
Shcherbaniuk, O.V. (2014). Narodnyi suverenitet v polityko-pravovomu budivnytstvi suchasnoi derzhavy [People's sovereignty in the political and legal construction of the modern state]. (Extended abstract of Doctor's thesis). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
Shcherbaniuk, O. (2013). Narodnyi suverenitet u teorii polityko-pravovykh vchen: istorychna shkola: monohrafiia [People's sovereignty in the theory of political and legal teachings: historical school: monograph]. Kyiv: Lohos. [in Ukrainian].
Priieshkina, O. (2008). Konstytutsiinyi
lad Ukrainy: aktualni pytannia stanovlennia,
instytutsionalizatsii ta rozvytku: monohrafiia [The constitutional system of Ukraine: topical issues of formation, institutionalization and development: monograph]. Feniks. [in Ukrainian].
Miroshnychenko, Yu. (2011). Vlada Ukrainskoho narodu ta shliakhy zabezpechennia konstytutsiinosti yoho rishen [The power of the Ukrainian people and ways to ensure the constitutionality of its decisions]. Viche, 21, 8-11. [in Ukrainian].
Размещено на Allbest.ru/
...Подобные документы
Development in Ukraine of democratic, social, lawful state according to the constitutional development. The feature of the new democratic constitutionalism. Constitutionalism - introduction of the system of government based on the current Constitution.
реферат [24,7 K], добавлен 14.02.2015Constitutionalism as political and legal theory and practice of development of the constitutional democratic state and civil society. Principles of modern constitutional system of board. Role of society in the course of formation of municipal authority.
реферат [18,5 K], добавлен 07.01.2015Globalization of the theory, ideology and practice of modern constitutionalism on the border of millennia. The development of the constitutional ideas and institutes. Analyze the model of the Ukrainian constitutionalism and its realization in practice.
реферат [25,5 K], добавлен 07.01.2015Consideration of sovereignty as a basic constitutional principles of state law (for example, the countries - members of the Commonwealth of Independent States). Legislative support in Ukraine national development in the socio-cultural (spiritual) sphere.
реферат [20,1 K], добавлен 13.02.2015The role of constitutional principles in the mechanism of constitutional and legal regulation. Features of transformation in the interpretation principles. Relativism in the system of law. Local fundamental justice in the mechanism of the state.
реферат [24,7 K], добавлен 10.02.2015Understanding the science of constitutional law. Organization of state power and the main forms of activity of its bodies. The study of the constitutional foundations of the legal status of the citizen, local government. Research on municipal authorities.
реферат [15,3 K], добавлен 14.02.2015Concept, importance of the Constitution as the fundamental law of the state, the history of development. Features of the constitutions of the leading powers of the European continent. Factors that influence the content of the Constitution of Bulgaria.
реферат [21,4 K], добавлен 14.02.2015The concept and features of the state as a subject of international law. The sovereignty as the basis of the rights and duties of the state. Basic rights and obligations of the state. The international legal responsibility of states. Full list of rights.
курсовая работа [30,1 K], добавлен 17.05.2016Characteristics of the state apparatus Ukraine: the concept, content and features, fundamental principles of organization and operation of state apparatus. Structure of the state apparatus and its correlation with the mechanism of state.
курсовая работа [25,1 K], добавлен 08.10.2012The major constitutional principle, considering the person, his rights and freedoms. Law of the subject of the Russian Federation. Rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, their protection as the basic contents of activity of the democratic state.
реферат [15,5 K], добавлен 07.01.2015Problems of sovereignty in modern political life of the world. Main sides of the conflict. National and cultural environment of secessional conflicts. Mutual relations of the church and the state. The law of the Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublika.
реферат [20,1 K], добавлен 10.02.2015Idea of human rights in constitutional legislation of Russia. The judicial review process. Establishing a certain period of appeal with supervisory complaint and limiting grounds for initiation of proceedings. The functions of the cabinet of Ministers.
реферат [16,6 K], добавлен 14.02.2015The role of constitutional justice in strengthening constitutional legality. Protection of the constitutional rights, freedoms, formation of the specialized institute of judicial power. The removal of contradictions and blanks in the federal legislation.
реферат [24,0 K], добавлен 14.02.2015The foundations of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation. The civil society as the embodiment of balance of private and public interests. Legal and functional character of the civil society. Institutional structure of constitutional system.
реферат [19,5 K], добавлен 07.01.2015The nature and justification of fundamental legal changes in modern society due to the globalization of cultures and civilizations. Directions and features of Ukrainian law, the requirements for the cost of litigation and particularly its improvement.
реферат [18,4 K], добавлен 14.02.2015Monarchy – a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a person engaged in reigning who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life. The concept and the essence.The succession to the throne as the element of the Monarchy.
курсовая работа [35,3 K], добавлен 13.08.2011The characteristics and structure of constitutional law of Ukraine, factors affecting its formation and development, the current trend. Reform and the direction of change of the legal branch of the state. Principles of functioning of constitutional law.
реферат [40,5 K], добавлен 13.02.2015In the modern epoch within the framework of the civilized interaction of one of the most important elements of this process is the Islamic civilization and generated by it is Islamic law and state. Particularities of the Islamic concept of the state.
реферат [39,6 K], добавлен 10.02.2015Concept of the constitutional justice in the postsoviet Russia. Execution of decisions of the Constitutional Court. Organizational structure of the constitutional justice. Institute of the constitutional justice in political-legal system of Russia.
реферат [23,9 K], добавлен 10.02.2015"E-democracy" is a public use of Internet technologies Analysis of the problems dialogue information and of the notional device, uniform and available for specialists, facilities of the electronic constitutional court, on-line participation of citizens.
реферат [17,1 K], добавлен 14.02.2015