Types of industrial lighting
Benefits and considerations associated with each type of lighting. Thomas Edison's incandescent light bulb. Fluorescent light bulb - much more efficient and longer-lasting lasting than traditional lighting. High-intensity discharge. Lamp comparison.
| Рубрика | Безопасность жизнедеятельности и охрана труда |
| Вид | эссе |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 27.03.2013 |
| Размер файла | 1,1 M |
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Essay
Theme: Types of industrial lighting
Types of industrial lighting
Industrial buildings, like all workplaces, require well-planned lighting systems to support various activities. Appropriate quantities of light are essential, but quality issues are just as important in providing a comfortable and safe working atmosphere. When the lighting meets both quantity and quality needs, it adds measurably to worker performance and productivity.
Types of Industrial Lighting
Several types of lighting systems are used in industrial settings. There are benefits and considerations associated with each type of lighting. Some of the most common types of lighting found in industrial-type settings include incandescent, fluorescent and high-intensity discharge, or HID.
Incandescent Lighting
Thomas Edison's incandescent light bulb still has a wide number of practical applications in industry. An incandescent light bulb emits light when its filament, made of tungsten, gets heated to several thousand degrees. Inert gases or vacuums are constructed in the bulb to keep the filament from prematurely deteriorating. Incandescent bulbs start instantly after power is introduced and provide an excellent color rendering, according to the North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources. This type of light bulb is also linked with a low initial purchase cost. The largest drawback linked with this type of bulb is inefficiency. A small percentage of the energy required to operate these bulbs actually goes into the production of visible light. A lot of energy is given off in the form of heat.
Fluorescent Lighting
lighting incandescent fluorescent bulb
Fluorescent light bulbs are widely used for industrial lighting purposes. Fluorescents produce light when electricity passes between electrodes, reacting with fill gases like mercury and argon. Photons react with the phosphor inner coatings of these bulbs, resulting in the production of visible light. This type of light bulb is much more efficient and longer-lasting than traditional incandescent bulbs. Fluorescent bulbs can last for more than times longer than incandescent bulbs, according to Earth Easy, a company whose mission is to provide consumers with information on sustainable living and how to reduce their impact on the environment. Consumers can purchase compact fluorescent light bulbs that fit in standard, incandescent light bulb sockets. Fluorescent bulbs produce a similar color rendering
HID Lighting
HID bulbs such as mercury vapor, metal halide and high-pressure sodium bulbs are some of the most powerful and efficient types of light bulbs on the market. HID lights produce visible light when an arc or electricity is drawn through gases. These types of light bulbs produce extremely generous light outputs but require a considerable amount of energy to operate.
These light bulbs can last for twice as long as fluorescent bulbs. For example, high-pressure sodium bulbs are rated to last about 24,000 hours. Like fluorescent bulbs, HID bulbs require a ballast to operate properly. They can take several minutes to warm up and reach full brightness. They are also more expensive than most other types of industrial lights on the market.
The Quality Chart below shows important criteria and their relevance to typical industrial tasks.
Dark colors absorb light and light colors reflect light. To achieve comfortable brightness ratios, encourage the building owner to select reflectance values for equipment and room surfaces based on the values shown above. Many paint and ceiling material manufacturers publish reflectance values for their products.
The Lamp Comparison chart below shows the difference between light output at the beginning of a lamp's life (initial lumens) and when 40% of the lamp's rated life is over, (design lumens). Fluorescent lamps have better lumen maintenance as the lamps age, compared to metal halide.
Many lighting choices exist for industrial settings. Knowing the strengths and weakness of each lamp type will aid in the selection of an energy efficient lamp that meets the needs of a facility. This fact sheet provides descriptions of common lamp types along with basic advantages and disadvantages as they relate to input wattage, efficacy/efficiency, cost, rated life, size, color rendering temperature and more.
References
Ehow.com
http://www.designlights.org/downloads/highbay_guide.pdf
http://infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/26/25978.pdf
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