Науково-теоретичні засади фольклористичної діяльності Михайла Максимовича

Федас В. В. Научно-теоретические основания фольклористической деятельности Михаила Максимовича. - Рукопись.

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата филологических наук по специальности 10. 01. 07 - фольклористика. - Киевский национальный университет имени Тараса Шевченко. - Киев, 2005.

В диссертации впервые осуществлено попытку целостного и системного представления научно-теоретической лаборатории Михаила Максимовича. Главное внимание сосредоточено на выяснении истоков концепций развития словесности, народности, историзма, которые были основанием научного мировоззрения М. Максимовича. Диссертант акцентирует внимание на том, что М. Максимович, издавая сборники песен, продумывая комментарии к ним, представляя свои этнографические исследования, руководился историческим, социально-антропологическим, смысловым и стилистически-текстуальным факторами.

В диссертации прослеживается влияние исследовательской деятельности Михаила Максимовича на развитие украинской фольклористики, а также использование у фольклористической лаборатории И. Бодянского, П. Кулиша, Н. Костомарова, И. Франко, М. Драгоманова, М. Грушевского, Ф. Колессы принципов и факторов, внедренных М. Максимовичем.

В исследовании проанализированы барокко-кордоцентрические предпосылки концепции развития словесности.

Диссертант рассматривает фольклористическую деятельность Михаила Максимовича как одну из слагаемых мирового эволюционного контекста народоисследовательских поисков.

Ключевые слова: система принципов и факторов оценки фольклорного произведения, научно-теоретические основания, фольклористическая деятельность, словесность, барокко-кордоцентрические предпосылки, натурфилософские основания, концепция “духа народа”.

Fedas V.V. The scientific-theoretical basis of Mikhailo Maximovich's folklore studies practice. - Manuscript.

Thesis for Candidate degree in the field of philological sciences in the speciality 10.01.07. - Folklore Studies. - Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University. - Kyiv, 2005.

The first attempt to present the scientific and theoretical laboratory of Mikhailo Maximovich in an integral and system-defined way has been offered in this thesis. The author thinks that the stages of Mikhailo Maximovich's forming as a folklore researcher reflect the outlook and methodological foundations evolution and they are the logical result of his philosophical conception and civic convictions. The author proves that the theoretical foundations for modern folklore studying were laid at a certain time and by certain researchers who showed a complex approach to the understanding of poetical works written by common people and ethnographic facts. His theoretical and methodological principles were based on the outstanding achievements of the world philosophy, history and literature studying which were being developed then. The main attention in the thesis is on the conception of national roots, historical method, which were the foundation of Maximovich's scientific outlook. Baroque chordocentrical prerequisites of the philology development conception have been analyzed in the research.

General theoretical analysis of Maximovich's scientific legacy and his formation as a researcher make it possible for the author to assert that the conception of artistic specificity of folklore and its connection with literature presents the only universal folklore researcher's approach to the development of Ukrainian philology, and together with the conceptions of historical method and national roots they form the general paradigm of Maximovich's outlook.

The author considers that the foundations of natural philosophy which helped Maximovich assess the process of forming the inwardly independent Ukrainian folklore fund with its meanings and functions in a proper way became a very significant basis for integral system of folklore research. National roots are being researched in the thesis as a philosophical and historical category, as the conception of people's spirit formed by their historical development.

Having analyzed the Maximovich's scientific approach in the spheres of collecting, publishing and interpretation of the Ukrainian folklore fund the author has presented the system of causes and principles of selection, analysis, systematization of Maximovich's folklore works, in particular historical, anthropological, stylistic causes. The author underlines that the system of folklore analysis made by Maximovich was characterized as the one with mature scientific principles which made superficial, illustrative interpreting folklore phenomena impossible.

The author observes the way principles and causes introduced by Maximovich were used in the folklore laboratories of O. Bodyansky, M Kostomarov, I. Franko, M. Dragomanov, F. Kolessa and other folklore researchers.

The author has determined that Maximovich making his collection “The Songs of Little Russia”, “The Ukrainian Folk Songs”, “The Voices of Ukrainian Songs” thinking over their comments, presenting his ethnographic research “Days and Months of the Ukrainian peasant” used historical and literary, comparative and evolutional principles, the principles of aesthetics and verity resulting from scientists' romantic and educational views.

The mail goal of the thesis was to analyze the specifics of M. Maximovich's theoretical and methodological basis, the logic of his research. This work reveals the influence of the historical, social, cultural issues on the process of scientific worldview formation, as the biographical data, the epistolary and civic contacts were used by the researcher to enlighten the transformation of separate views into a scientific concept, which proves our hypothesis.

The results of this thesis are the scientific facts, theories and concepts of M. Maximovich's scientific heritage, which predicted the following evolution of the world folklore studies, such popular nowadays fields of research as social-anthropological, communicational, socio- and psycholinguistic, analytical psychological methods of folklore studies, based on the national mental philosophy of “chordocentrizm”, which paved the basis of theoretical and methodological concepts of the Ukrainian folklore in the world scientific context.

The results, achieved in the process of investigation, could be used in the following scientific research on the problem of identifying the periodization of the theoretical and methodological fund of Ukrainian folklore studies in the world scientific context.

The key words: principles and causes of folklore work, scientific and theoretical foundations, folklore research activity, philology, Baroque chordocentrical prerequisites, foundation of natural philosophy, conception of “people's spirit”.

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