System analysis in socio-cultural management: theory, methodology and technology

The technological development of systems analysis in the transition of mankind to the information age, the complexity of social relations and the predominance of unsystematic, fragmentary thinking of modern managers. Systematic analysis in human activity.

Рубрика Менеджмент и трудовые отношения
Вид статья
Язык английский
Дата добавления 07.09.2022
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However, in complex problem situations, the decisions of the solvingmaking manager are usually incomplete and unclear. They do not allow him to a priori fully analyze the various aspects of the consequences of solutions, to establish their significance in the choice, to form a holistic attitude to alternatives and to justify the selection criterion. In other words, the system of preferences of the decision-making manager is poorly structured. The fundamental difficulty of making a choice in such decision-making systems is the uncertainty of the concept “best alternative”, which can be determined only by the method of modeling and optimization.

7. There is an implementation of the management decision. The final stage of the system analysis of the problem situation is the implementation of the management decision to solve the problem situation. It consists of the organization of decision execution, analysis and control of execution. A common mistake managers make is to assume that if a decision is made, it will definitely be made. However, it does not happen. The organization of execution of the decision provides coordination of many people's efforts. Therefore, the manager must strive to avoid conflicts and make people motivated to implement the decision. To do this, first of all, it is necessary to draw up a plan of measures that make decisions a reality. It is also necessary to distribute rights and responsibilities, to build a communication network for the exchange of information and to regulate the relevant relations of subordination. The next step should be to incorporate into the decision a mechanism for obtaining information on the progress of the decision. The basis of such a mechanism should be a system for detecting errors in the implementation of the decision. When such a tracking system works effectively, then problems in implementing decisions can be avoided before they manifest.

The information obtained during the execution of the decision is necessary for the correction of actions. In this case, the information from the original source is always better than a report prepared by someone. In the first case, more nuances are noticed, a more accurate assessment of the implementation of decisions.

The manager's intuition plays an important role in making and implementing management decisions. It includes foreboding, imagination, insight, the ability to see the invisible to rational vision. Developed intuition is the ability to keep everything related to a problem situation in mind throughout the management process, it is the art of management.

Conclusions

The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological principles and practical recommendations for the implementation of systems analysis in socio-cultural management. The results of the study allow us to draw the following conclusions:

1. During the evolution of systemic ideas, four basic theoretical concepts for the implementation of systems analysis in management were formed: philosophical, based on the categories of wholeness and integrity, as well as ontological and epistemological ideas about the system; organizational, which is based on the organization concepts and disorganization of the system, which determine its behavior; cybernetic, based on the idea of the decisive role of information in systems and the possibility of developing general principles for their management on the basis of mathematical modeling; synergetic, which arose today in conditions of increasing instability, nonlinearity, uncertainty and super dynamic existence of systems, and is based on their self-organization.

2. Systems analysis in socio-cultural management is an interdisciplinary scientific field, which: from a theoretical point of view includes concepts and principles of formulation and solution of practical problems based on systemic ideology, ways to integrate methods of special disciplines into technology aimed at solving problems, methods and models of complex research system objects and situations; from the applied point of view, the subject of system analysis are utilitarian problems of different hierarchical levels, associated with the creation of new and improvement of existing organizational systems in the socio-cultural sphere.

3. Methodology of systems analysis in management is a set of basic concepts, principles, methodological approaches and specific methods. The theoretical concepts of systems analysis are a way of reflecting reality: philosophical, organizational, cybernetic, and synergetic. The principles should be understood as the basic requirements for the cognitive process: elementary, hierarchy, integrity, unity of purpose, common connection, optimality, development. Methodological approaches combine methods of realization of system activity: complex, structural-functional, design-constructive, problem-situational, cultural-historical, and semiotic. The methodology also includes specific methods: empirical, theoretical and intuitive.

4. Using the method of classification, the scope of the generic concept of “systems analysis” is divided into components, which allows to form a holistic view of the types of systems analysis in management: by type of system: analysis of the enterprise, city, region, country, international education; by the way of presenting the system: philosophical, organizational, cybernetic, synergetic; in terms of construction: structural, functional; on a spatial basis: internal, external; by stage of the life cycle: birth, childhood, adolescence, maturity, aging; by the analysis logic: from structure through functions to purpose, from purpose through functions to structure; in the hierarchy of the system: vertical, horizontal; on the basis of time: retrospective, perspective, current.

5. The technology of system analysis of the managing object (enterprises of socio-cultural activity) is the result of the synthesis of operations of the system approach and scientific research. It should include the following successive stages: justification of the purpose and objectives of the analysis; display of the managing object in the form of a system (model); analysis of system organization in statics; analysis of the organization of the system in dynamics; identification of differences between the purpose, goals of the system and its organization in statics and dynamics; adjustment of the purpose and the purposes, according to internal and external conditions of system; restructuring the organization of the system in order to increase the efficiency of the managing object.

6. The technology of system analysis of the problem situation should be focused on solving the problem, or directing the development of the problem situation in the right direction. It should contain the following stages: identification of the problem situation and its reflection in the form of a system; formation of the general purpose and a tree of the purposes concerning the decision of the given problem situation; development of alternatives; determining the need for resources and their limitations; analysis of the relationship between goals, alternatives and resources; decision-making on solving the problem situation; the decision implementation.

The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the deepening of the theoretical and methodological foundations of systems analysis in sociocultural management on the basis of modern philosophical, organizational, cybernetic and synergetic approaches.

The practical significance of the obtained results is manifested in the possibility of their use in the managing objects and situations of the socio-cultural sphere, as well as in the addition of general scientific theory of systems and socio-cultural management with new scientific ideas.

Prospects for further scientific research in this direction may consist in the detailed elaboration of technologies of system analysis for certain types of enterprises in the socio-cultural sphere (theaters, museums, libraries, etc.).

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