Development of staff of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization

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Development of staff of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization

Mazhnyk L.O., Lytovchenko I.V., Shevchenko S.О.

Abstract

Development of Staff of Innovative Enterprises in the Context of Digitalization

The aim of the article is to study the aspects of staff development of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization.

Directions for further research on this topic are quantitative analysis of components and indices of digital development by categories: knowledge, technology and readiness for the future, also allocation of significant factors influencing the qualitative indicators of the results of the staff of innovative enterprises of Ukraine on the basis of building a model of interconnection of the key components of the staff development system of an innovative enterprise and the results of its activities.

Keywords: innovative enterprises, digitalization, staff development, reskilling and upskilling, digital economy, world conceptions (SPOD, VUCA, BANI).

Анотація

Розвиток персоналу інноваційних підприємств в умовах диджиталізації

Мажник Л. О., Литовченко І. В., Шевченко С. О.

Подальше удосконалення та поглиблення знань щодо розвитку персоналу інноваційних підприємств може сприяти формуванню та удосконаленню його конкурентних переваг, а також призвести до створення нової категоріальної норми ознак персоналу підприємств та організацій у цифровій економіці. Напрямками подальших досліджень з означеної проблематики є кількісний аналіз компонентів та індексів цифрового розвитку за категоріями: знання, технології та готовність до майбутнього, а також виокремлення вагомих факторів впливу на якісні показники результатів діяльності персоналу інноваційних підприємств України на підставі побудови моделі взаємозв'язку ключових компонентів системи розвитку персоналу інноваційного підприємства та результатів його діяльності.

Ключові слова: інноваційні підприємства, диджиталізація, розвиток персоналу, рескілінг та апскілінг, цифрова економіка, концепції світу (SPOD, VUCA, BANI).

Introduction

The relentless global trends in the digitalization of all management processes also have a direct impact on the peculiarities of staff development. To date, world experience demonstrates that it is the presence of recorded results in digital data in many areas of enterprise activity that allows automating processes, accelerating the features of interaction procedures and obtaining results of activities in modern conditions of global digitalization.

It is worth noting that it is the staff that carries out the organizational integration and use of digital technologies in practice in the activities of enterprises. personnel digital innovative competitive

According to statistics, at the present stage of development of the digital economy, it is innovative enterprises that are the first to respond to the emergence of various technological innovations and directly implement, probate and test them, as well as fulfill further active dissemination of various digital applications and the results of artificial intelligence achievements.

Since, in the era of the digital economy, the tools and components of the digitalization process are becoming more and more widespread in various areas of management, in particular financial and tax spheres of activity, various educational processes, etc. [3; 6; 15], which have an increasingly active impact on the activities of enterprises [12], there is a need for an additional study of the components of the staff development process of directly innovative enterprises [3], as these are usually exemplary organizations and most often, in terms of metrics, they act as indicators of trends and potential generalized trends, which in the future usually become widespread among global organizations in practice.

However, at the same time, it is necessary to focus on the processes that take place among the development of staff of domestic innovative enterprises, which are accordingly associated with the potential expectation of recession processes in the domestic economy and the peculiarities of management in the conditions of military aggression.

Analysis of the latest research on the problem. In modern economic conditions, the concept of the digital economy is increasingly associated with various digitalization processes, as they should affect the peculiarities of training staff of enterprises and organizations [2; 15; 19].

At the State level, special attention is given to the development of the staff of the Administrative Service Centers and the staff who provide advisory support, contact with the population of the country after training and increasing the level of competence on certain issues of digitalization for the provision of the list of public services [11]. Because of the ongoing military aggression, many enterprises suffer from a shortage of staff, so staff development is becoming an increasingly relevant topic among domestic enterprises and organizations.

The issues of innovative development of industrial enterprises are considered by L. L. Antonyuk, L. V, Bilozor [4], B. Grepon [1] and others, aspects of innovative development of industrial enterprises in the context of digitalization are paid attention to by such domestic scientists as I. Mihus, Ya. Koval [10], S. Makarenko [7]. However, at current, an extremely difficult situation is being formed for Ukraine with the staff of enterprises, so it is worth paying additional attention to the consideration of staff development, though the constituent aspects on this topic were considered by such scientists as M. Rudenko, D. Lakutin [14], I. Dashko [5], no proper attention was paid to the development of staff of innovative enterprises, so the topic of the present research appears relevant.

Therefore, direct attention should be paid to the peculiarities of the development of the existing staff of innovative enterprises in the current conditions of intensification of digitalization processes, since these processes open up a list of positive economic prospects and form a number of advantages for enterprises and organizations that use them in practice.

The aim of the article is to identify the components of staff development of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization.

Presentation of research results

The carried out analysis of digitalization processes makes it possible to distinguish several levels, in particular: global; State; macro level by industry; macro level, with considerations of the features of digitalization in the activities of an individual enterprise; and personal, which directly concerns the staff of the enterprise and citizens of the country.

The article deals mainly with innovative enterprises that are the first to respond to changes and introduce the latest technologies into the practical activities of the organization, so that special attention is paid to the staff, who are the first to introduce into practice certain tools that facilitate and optimize their work.

It should be noted that taking into account the global trends in the spread of the digital economy due to the spread of digitalization processes, the State authority bodies of Ukraine are making a significant amount of efforts to disseminate these strategic decisions [18] towards the development of the digital economy and staff, and that is directly related to innovative enterprises.

It is worth noting that the development of technologies and the formation of the digital economy have a significant impact on enterprises, since there is a need to form systems and databases of enterprises, which should be coordinated with the external and internal systems of users in terms of content.

One of the significant features of the domestic digitalization process is that it is innovative enterprises, mainly in the IT sector, that act as accelerators of digitalization processes, so special attention should be paid to the development of staff of innovative enterprises.

In particular, one of the basic tasks for the State authority agencies is the formation of a high-performance digital infrastructure [2, p. 166-167] by means of the development of communication technologies, the Internet of Things and blockchain (Fig. 1, developed by the authors).

Interaction of constituent components in the trinity of production, educational and public sectors through the formation, improvement of constituent components, synchronized coordination between them and support on the part of the State, together with investors - all this will contribute to the development of Ukraine's digital infrastructure and improve the interaction of citizens, enterprises, educational and government institutions in the context of digitalization.

Fig. 1. Components of the formation of digital infrastructure in the context of digitalization

Source: developed by the authors based on [2; 18; 19]

The specificity of the development of staff of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization lies in the application of active integration into management processes of the components of the digital economy tools in the following areas:

¦ modernization of the automated information complex of management of an innovative enterprise;

¦ electronic interaction between the components of the enterprise management system;

¦ formation of a system for accounting for the characteristics and key features of staff activities, which is reflected in the quantitative indicators of KPIs;

¦ improvement of components of normative legal acts;

¦ introduction and dissemination of the use of e-office work;

¦ development and formation of State statistics and reporting;

¦ tools for managers, etc.

The results of scientific and statistical studies of domestic enterprises indicate a low level of innovative activity of domestic industrial enterprises, especially in terms of the purchase of machinery, equipment and software [15, p. 89], although this situation is preceded by a number of reasons, in particular, military aggression against our country, reduction in economic activity and reduction in the number and level of employment of staff of domestic enterprises, which negatively affects the development of staff, including the development of staff of innovative enterprises.

The development of staff of innovative enterprises in the context of digitalization should be carried out in the following areas: in accordance with the needs of retraining of the company's staff, depending on the needs for staff skills, in particular reskilling and upskilling [8], taking into account the ability to constantly learn; improvement of qualitative features of the content of soft and hard skills of the staff.

It is worth noting that reskilling is sometimes considered as a variation of staff rotation and horizontal movement of staff to different levels of responsibility within the relevant project activities, while upskilling is considered not only as advanced training, but also as advancement of meta-skills, including self-discipline, selfmotivation and self-organization, improvement of other individual skills.

However, the specificity of the development of staff of innovative enterprises lies in the matter that occupying the same position at different enterprises, the staff will have different responsibilities and, as a result, a list of competencies, respectively, and this will affect the results of the activities of such staff, so it is increasingly difficult to put forward certain standardized requirements for staff members who must hold certain positions.

Again and yet again, the staff of innovative enterprises should be capable of a list of universal features, which also provides a surplus value to the candidate when changing the type of activity among most organizations in positions with flexible requirements and responsibilities.

Due to the specific conditions for the functioning of innovative enterprises and enterprises in general in the modern world in its process of permanent digitalization, when the SPOD world has long changed to VUCA and now there is an active transition to the new BANI world (see Tabl. 1), it should be understood that changes are becoming a permanent phenomenon, therefore, the components of staff development should also transform the configuration at domestic enterprises as quickly as possible, primarily at innovative enterprises, eventually extending these processes to other domestic enterprises.

Making forecasts in the changing current conditions of today is an extremely difficult task, but there is an assumption [16], that as a result of the acceleration of the development of the world, the conception of the VUCA world, which existed 20 to 40 years long and was gradually replaced by the BANI concept of the world, may also be replaced by new trends and conceptions of the world with a certain probability in 5 to 10 years.

Table 1