The influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children

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The influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children

Saduakas A.Z.

master's degree student,

Department of Creative Industries, educational program «Project Management»

Astana IT University (Astana, Kazakhstan)

Chshukina K.A.

Abstract: the study explored the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children, employing a comprehensive methodological approach that included analyzing existing teaching methods, conducting interviews, and comparative analysis. The findings highlighted the positive impact of interactive methods on student engagement, motivation, and emotional well-being, while also acknowledging the challenges associated with their implementation. The study emphasizes the needfor a balanced approach that considers the diverse psychological characteristics and needs of students, incorporating traditional, interactive, and differentiated methods to create an optimal learning environment.

Keywords: teaching methods, mental health, children, education, cognitive development, emotional well-being, interactive methods, traditional methods, individual needs, educational strategies, critical thinking, creativity, motivation, teacher-student-parent relationships, lifelong learning.

In modern society, where there are a number of problems related to the mental health of children, including stress, anxiety and poor adaptation to the educational environment, the study of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children is an urgent task. The quality of education and the methods of its transmission can significantly affect the mental well-being of children.

The subject of the study is the influence of teaching methods, and the object is the psyche of children. The purpose of this study is to study this influence in order to develop effective strategies for the educational process. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: analysis of existing teaching methods and their characteristics, study of the influence of various methods on the mental state of children, determination of factors influencing the positive or negative impact of teaching methods on the child's psyche, and development of recommendations for optimizing teaching methods taking into account the psychological characteristics of children. mental health children education

A literature review on the research topic allows us to identify several key areas. Lozhechkina A.'s works [1, p. 160] investigate the influence of active teaching methods on the cognitive development of children, while Fedorenko E. [2, p. 202] and Agnafors et al. [3, p. 858] pay attention to the emotional aspects of learning and their impact on the psyche of schoolchildren. However, there is a need for a deeper analysis of specific teaching methods and their impact on children's mental health, which is the main objective of this study.

The work Al-Taai [4, p. 3] emphasizes the importance of taking into account the individual characteristics of students when choosing teaching methods. These studies warn against the use of universal approaches, emphasizing that the effectiveness of teaching methods can vary significantly depending on the intellectual, emotional and social characteristics of each child.

One of the significant topics in the literature was the role of technology in education. Limone and Toto [5, p. 1126] consider the influence of digital technologies on the psyche of children. In the modern world, where technology is becoming an integral part of the educational process, understanding how these technologies affect the emotional and cognitive development of children is of particular interest. It should be noted that the work Limone and Toto [5, p. 1126] emphasizes not only the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children, but also the reverse effect, where the emotional state of students can affect the effectiveness of the educational process.

In the context of modern challenges, such as the transition to distance learning, the relevance of the study of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children becomes especially relevant, requiring new approaches and solutions to ensure optimal psychological well-being of students.

Methodologies

To conduct a study of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children, it is proposed to use a comprehensive methodological approach that includes several key methods.

First, it is proposed to analyze existing teaching methods, including a thorough review of traditional and innovative approaches. This stage will reveal the features of each method and their applicability to different age groups and types of educational institutions.

The second aspect is interviews will be aimed at in-depth interaction with teachers and parents to identify factors affecting the effectiveness of certain teaching methods.

Finally, it is proposed to conduct a comparative analysis, comparing the data and results of various research methods. This will highlight the general trends and features of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children.

Analysis of existing teaching methods and their impact on the psyche of children

In the context of modern challenges in education, understanding the impact of various teaching methods on children's mental health is becoming a key issue for educational practices and research efforts. The analysis of existing teaching methods in this context is a complex task that requires taking into account a variety of factors, including age characteristics, socio-cultural context and technological aspects.

Traditional teaching methods have always been at the center of educational systems, and their impact on the psyche of children is often assessed through the prism of the lecture method. Studies show that traditional lectures can cause different reactions of students. It is important to analyze not only the level of assimilation of the material, but also the attention and interest of children. Such methods, although they are the basis of education, can remain a challenge for children who are sensitive to visual and interactive forms of learning.

Interactive methods, such as group work, provide an opportunity for students to interact with each other. However, it is important to consider the impact of such methods on social adaptation and stress levels, especially in children with introverted traits. It is also worth analyzing the effect of using technologies in the context of interactive methods, considering possible negative aspects, such as the screen effect and its effect on concentration.

Differentiated learning approaches, such as individualized learning, can have a profound impact on children's mental well-being. The study of the effectiveness of individual training should include an analysis of psychological comfort and academic success. The project method, in turn, requires special attention to motivation and emotional involvement, as well as the ability to solve problems independently.

Modern approaches, including feedback and the use of game techniques, can have a strong impact on the emotional state of children. The feedback system between teachers and students, for example, can affect the level of self-esteem and emotional stability. Game techniques, in turn, can become a key element in the development of critical thinking and social skills, but they require an assessment of their impact on the overall emotional state of children.

Special methods for children with special needs also need detailed analysis. Inclusive education, for example, requires special attention to social adaptation and interaction of children with different characteristics. It is important to identify approaches that promote integration and support social adaptation.

Active learning, including the case study method and study tours, also needs to be considered in detail. The case study method, as a means of developing analytical skills, can have an impact on stress tolerance and a child's ability to analyze complex situations. Study tours, although they can stimulate interest, should also be considered in terms of their impact on motivation and overall emotional stability.

Ultimately, a comprehensive analysis of these teaching methods will highlight their positive and negative sides in the context of the impact on the psyche of children. It will also help to form recommendations for educational institutions and teachers, taking into account the psychological characteristics and needs of students.

Interviews on the Influence of Teaching Methods on the Psyche of Children

The interview, as a research method, has become a key tool for gaining a deep understanding of the impact of various teaching methods on the cognitive processes and mental state of children in the school environment. The experiment was conducted in a diverse school in order to assess how traditional, interactive and individualized methods affect the perception of teachers, the emotional state of students and the views of parents.

Teachers were key participants in the interview, providing important insights into the effectiveness of the teaching methods used. Many of them noted that interactive methods, such as group discussions and practical exercises, contributed to more active student participation and deeper learning of the material. However, some expressed concerns about the time needed to prepare and implement more interactive lessons.

Anar Alpysovna, teacher of biology, noted: "Interactive methods open up new ways for students to understand the material. Group assignments allow them to discuss concepts and help them better master the topic. However, they require more time to prepare and organize."

Students of different age groups expressed their views on changes in teaching methods. Younger students highly appreciated the interactive lessons, considering them more interesting and exciting. The older students, while also appreciating interactivity, emphasized the importance of structured classes and a clear lesson organization.

A 11th grade student Arlan Dyusenov said: "Group discussions and projects make learning more interesting. We can discuss ideas with friends and learn from each other. But it is important that the lesson is well structured so as not to waste time."

Parents played a significant role in understanding how changes in teaching methods affect children outside of school. They emphasized the impact on the motivation and emotional state of their children. Most parents reacted positively to more interactive methods, noting that they motivate children better than traditional approaches.

A parent of Ilyas Saparbekov, a 7-year-old child said: "My son now wants to go to school, he tells me what he studied in class. He wasn't very interested in studying before."

Both teachers and students have expressed a clear preference for interactive methods, citing their ability to foster engagement and stimulate active participation. Interactive approaches, such as hands-on activities, group discussions, and technology integration, break away from the passivity of traditional lectures, allowing students to become active learners rather than passive recipients of information. This shift in pedagogy empowers students to take ownership of their learning process, leading to a deeper understanding of concepts and increased motivation.

The emotional well-being of students has emerged as a significant factor in the evaluation of interactive methods. Participants across all categories, including teachers, students, and parents, have observed positive changes in the emotional state of students when interactive approaches are employed. Students demonstrate increased interest in their studies, exhibiting greater enthusiasm and engagement in the learning process. This enhanced emotional engagement not only contributes to a more positive learning environment but also plays a crucial role in fostering a lifelong love of learning.

Parents, while recognizing the positive emotional and motivational changes in their children, have expressed concerns about the potential impact of interactive methods on academic achievement. They worry that the emphasis on engagement and hands-on learning may come at the expense of rigorous academic standards. This concern highlights the importance of striking a balance between innovative methods and maintaining academic rigor.

Effective implementation of interactive methods requires careful planning and integration with traditional teaching approaches. Teachers must carefully design interactive activities that are aligned with learning objectives and provide opportunities for students to apply their knowledge and skills in meaningful ways. This balance ensures that students are not only engaged and motivated but also equipped with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed academically.

Therefore, the adoption of interactive methods in education has yielded positive outcomes for students, teachers, and parents. The benefits of these innovative approaches are evident in increased engagement, motivation, and emotional wellbeing. However, it is crucial to recognize the importance of maintaining academic rigor and striking a balance between traditional and interactive teaching methods. By carefully designing and integrating interactive activities, educators can create a learning environment that fosters both academic excellence and personal growth.

Parents' concerns were mainly about the possible lag in studies due to the transition to more interactive methods. However, in most cases, they admitted that they saw positive changes in the behavior and interest in their children's studies.

A parent of a Daria Kovaleva, 14-year-old child noted: "Initially, I was concerned that changes in teaching methods could affect academic success. But my son has become more interested, and I see that this is important not only for grades, but also for his overall development." Almost all participants, including teachers, students, and parents, noted the positive impact of changes in teaching methods on the emotional state of students. The children became more interested, joyful, and participated in the educational process with great enthusiasm.

The Damir Tugelbayev, computer science teacher noticed: "It has become noticeable that children are happier to go to lessons. They improved their feedback, started asking more questions. I see that studying has become not just a duty for them, but an interesting process."

A comparative analysis of the opinions of teachers and students regarding the effectiveness of teaching methods highlights differences in perceptions. The teachers, for the most part, rated interactive methods as effective, but expressed concerns about the time spent on their preparation. Students, on the other hand, clearly expressed a preference for more engaging methods, emphasizing their stimulating effect.

The interview results clearly indicate the positive impact of changes in teaching methods on the educational process. Interactive methods, despite certain challenges, in general, turned out to be more attractive to students, stimulating their interest and involvement in learning. However, a balance is needed between innovation and maintaining academic standards.

It is important to note that the concerns of some parents about the decline in academic performance are primarily related to uncertainty about new methods. As they see positive results in the behavior and interest of their children, these fears may decrease.

Recommendations and Prospects:

Based on the results of the research interview, there are a number of recommendations for optimizing the educational process:

• Integration of Interactive Methods

To fully reap the benefits of interactive methods, it is crucial to integrate them effectively into the existing curriculum. Teachers should incorporate interactive teaching methods, such as group discussions and practical exercises, to stimulate active participation and develop critical thinking skills. These methods allow students to engage with the material in a more hands-on way, promoting deeper understanding and retention of knowledge.

• Teacher Support

Teachers play a pivotal role in the successful implementation of interactive methods. It is essential to provide them with the necessary support and additional resources to facilitate the preparation and implementation of these innovative approaches. This support may include professional development workshops, access to technology and educational resources, and mentorship from experienced teachers.

Additionally, it is important to address teachers' concerns regarding time constraints and workload, ensuring that the introduction of interactive methods does not overburden their schedules.

• Systematic Approach

The introduction of changes in teaching methods requires a systematic and well-planned approach. This involves carefully evaluating the current curriculum, identifying areas where interactive methods can be effectively integrated, and developing a phased plan for implementation. It is crucial to consider the individual characteristics and needs of students, ensuring that the chosen interactive methods are appropriate for their age, learning styles, and cognitive abilities.

• Dialogue with Parents

Maintaining open communication with parents is essential throughout the process of implementing interactive methods. Parents should be informed about the rationale behind these changes, the potential benefits for their children, and the steps being taken to ensure academic rigor. Regular feedback from parents can help identify areas for improvement and refine the implementation of interactive methods.

• Teaching Teachers Innovative Methods

To ensure that teachers are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to implement interactive methods effectively, ongoing professional development is critical. Organizing seminars and trainings for teachers, with the aim of teaching innovative teaching methods, taking into account modern educational trends, is essential. These training sessions should provide hands-on experience with interactive methods, allowing teachers to practice and refine their skills in a supportive environment.

• Contingent Studies

Given the diversity of learners, it is important to conduct additional studies to identify individual preferences and effective teaching methods for different age groups and learning styles. These contingent studies can help tailor interactive methods to the specific needs of each student, ensuring that they are maximally engaged and effective.

In conclusion, the successful implementation of interactive methods in education requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the needs of students, teachers, and parents. By integrating interactive methods thoughtfully, providing teachers with adequate support, adopting a systematic approach, fostering open communication with parents, and conducting contingent studies, educators can create a learning environment that promotes both academic excellence and personal growth.

This research approach, combining qualitative methods, such as interviews, with quantitative indicators, allows us to get a comprehensive understanding of the impact of teaching methods on the psyche of children. The proposed recommendations can serve as a basis for the development of flexible and individually oriented learning strategies that meet modern educational needs.

Prospects For Further Research

As the use of interactive teaching methods in education continues to evolve, further research is needed to fully understand their impact on students, teachers, and the overall learning environment. Here are some specific areas where further research can be directed:

• Study of Long-term Effects

While the immediate benefits of interactive methods are evident, it is crucial to assess their long-term effects on students' academic performance and career development. Longitudinal studies can track students who have been exposed to interactive teaching methods throughout their schooling to determine their long-term academic outcomes and career trajectories. This data can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of interactive methods in promoting long-term academic success and career preparedness.

• Research on the Effectiveness of Teacher Support

Teachers play a pivotal role in implementing interactive methods effectively. Research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of providing additional resources and support to teachers as they adopt these new approaches. This research could examine the impact of professional development programs, mentorship opportunities, and access to technology and educational resources on teachers' ability to implement interactive methods successfully. Identifying the most effective forms of teacher support can help ensure that teachers are well-equipped to implement interactive methods in a way that maximizes their benefits for students.

• The Development of Individualized Approaches

Interactive methods have the potential to cater to the diverse learning styles and needs of individual students. Research is needed to explore the effectiveness of individualized approaches to interactive teaching. This could involve developing and evaluating interactive methods that are specifically tailored to different learning styles, cognitive abilities, and cultural backgrounds. Such research can help educators personalize the learning experience for each student, ensuring that they are actively engaged in their learning and reaching their full potential.

• Interrelation with Factors of the Socio-Cultural Environment

The effectiveness of teaching methods can be influenced by various sociocultural factors, such as students' cultural backgrounds, family dynamics, and socioeconomic status. Research is needed to expand our understanding of how these factors interact with the perception and effectiveness of interactive teaching methods. This research can help educators develop culturally sensitive and inclusive interactive methods that are effective for all students, regardless of their background or circumstances.

By conducting further research in these areas, we can gain a deeper understanding of the impact of interactive teaching methods on students' cognitive, emotional, and social development. This knowledge can inform the development of more effective and adaptable educational strategies that meet the needs of diverse learners and contribute to their overall success.

Conclusion

During this study, we delved deeply into the topic of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children, analyzing the results of interviews conducted with teachers, students, and parents. The literature review allowed us to raise topical issues and assess the current state of research in this area, and the analysis of existing teaching methods revealed their features and effectiveness.

The results of the interview confirmed that changes in teaching methods have a significant impact on the educational process and the psyche of children. Interactive methods, such as group discussions and practical classes, were highlighted by teachers and students as the most attractive. Parents also confirmed positive changes in the emotional state of their children.

The literature review revealed a variety of approaches to the study of the influence of teaching methods on the psyche of children. Research in this area emphasizes the importance of creating an educational environment that promotes not only the assimilation of knowledge, but also the development of critical thinking, creative skills, and motivation to learn.

The analysis of existing teaching methods allowed us to highlight the advantages and complications associated with different approaches. Interactive methods focus on the active involvement of students but may require additional resources and training from teachers. Traditional methods, while more familiar and easily implemented, may not always meet the needs of modern learning.

The results of our study emphasize the need for continuous development of educational strategies adapted to the changing needs of students. Interactive teaching methods demonstrate their potential in stimulating interest, emotional well-being, and academic success. However, for the successful implementation of these methods, systematic support is needed, both from educational institutions and from society.

In the course of the research, we saw that each participant in the educational process -- teacher, student, parent -- plays an important role in the formation of the learning environment. The proposed recommendations are based on a balanced approach that considers the diversity of individual needs and characteristics. Thus, our research provides a basis for further discussions and improvements in the educational sphere aimed at ensuring the full and harmonious development of each child.

In conclusion, Albert Einstein's words sound especially relevant: "Education is what remains after everything that was learned at school is forgotten." Our goal is not only to transfer knowledge, but also to inspire a constant desire for knowledge and selfdevelopment. On the way to the education of the future, every step matters, and research such as ours is aimed at making these steps more meaningful and effective.

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:

1. Lozhechkina, A. D. The influence of the educational process on the cognitive development of students with normal and abnormal intellectual genesis // The science. Innovation. Technologies. 2009. №6. P.160-167;

2. Fedorenko, E. Y. Emotional health and success at school. // Public Education. 2010. №2. P. 200-204;

3. Agnafors, S., Barmark, M. M., Sidshe, G. Mental health and academic performance: a study of selection and causal relationships from childhood to early adulthood. // Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2020. №56 (5). P. 857866;

4. Al-Taai, S. H. H. Mental health and academic performance: a study of selection and causal relationships from childhood to early adulthood. // Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2021. №24. P. 1-14;

5. Limone, P., and Toto, G. A. Psychological and emotional impact of digital technologies on children in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. // Brain Sciences, 2021. №11(9). P. 1126.

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