Exploration of old industrial transformation in urban area – Changchun tractor plant transformation planning

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Exploration of old industrial transformation in urban area - Changchun tractor plant transformation planning

Liu Hongming

Changchun

Abstract

With the rapid development of the city, the problems of old industrial transformation in urban areas are becoming severe, and its original use is no longer able to meet the needs of today's social development. This essay is based on the research of tractor factory in Changchun and the surrounding area, conducting the transformation of Changchun tractor plant and the surrounding area by linking the theory with practice. Take Changchun tractor plant as a study object, analyzing the issues like land replacement in old industrial area, resource optimization of industrial space adjustment, enhancement of ecological and cultural environment. Illustrating the methodology of using urban planning strategies to explore the efficient way to build rational space and facilitate the reuse of land in industrial area.

Key words: Tractor plant, Transformation, Renewal.

Аннотация

Лю Хунмин, Гао Цзин

JLJU, Чанчунь, Китай

Исследования старых промышленных преобразований в городских районах - планирование трансформации Чанчуньского тракторного завода

В связи с быстрым развитием современного города, проблемы старого индустриального наследия в городских районах становятся более серьезными, и виды их первоначального использования (традиционные машиностроительные цеха и другие объекты с устаревшим технологическим оборудованием) больше не удовлетворяют потребности современного общества.

Эта статья основана на исследовании состояния тракторного завода в Чанчуне и его влияния на окрестности. На территории завода были проведены полевые исследования, чтобы связать теорию с практикой.

Взяв Чанчуньский завод по производству тракторов в качестве основного объекта исследования, был проведен краткий исторический анализ развития завода, изучена трансформация принадлежащих ему земельных угодий и т.д. Кроме этого выполнен анализ проблем и показаны современные пути решения замены испорченной земли в старой промышленной зоне, изучены возможности оптимизации ресурса промышленного пространственного регулирования, определены основные и необходимые направления по улучшению экологической и социокультурной составляющей окружающей среды.

Предложенная методология анализа и проектирования в рамках городского планирования - это эффективный способ построить рациональное пространство и облегчить повторное использование земли, зданий и сооружений в исторически сложившейся промышленной зоне на примере Чанчуньского тракторного завода.

Ключевые слова: Тракторный завод, преобразование, обновление.

1. Origin

The development of city is like a running train, old buildings are no longer fit for people's ways of life-style or manufacturing and facing the fate of being abandoned, especially industrial buildings. Those old industrial areas, need a shot in the arm to catch up new analogues in far front. With the implementation of integration strategy of Changchun and Jilin. Erdao district has been gradually evolve from the edge of the city into the center zone, in which the transformation of Changchun tractor plant is therefore has been a critical subject that can not be un-dermined. I had the honor to participate in Chang-chun tractor factory planning reconstruction projects conducted by Changchun City Planning Bureau, which lead me to explore the transformation of old industrial areas of the city and acknowledge an out-line about the whole picture.

2. Background and Supportive Policies

Location

The project is located in Erdao District, Dongsheng retails in Changchun, near the Yingbin Avenue - Jilin road that lead to Changchun Longjia International Airport. It is a media of promotion as well as interaction to International. The site area of entire tractor plant is about 40 hectares, which is in the east of Dongsheng Avenue, in the south of Eastern Huan - cheng Road and Sitong Road, in the north of Rongguang Road. Only the south part of the area is adjoining the Rongguang Road - a subordinate road of the city, the area is separated by Lequn Street.

History

Changchun is one of the central city in northeast China which is an important industrial base city of China. Changchun tractor factory is a representative of the industrial building heritages in Changchun, the plant start-up in 1958, as one of Chinese massive agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises, it is the first modern agricultural machinery products manufacturing enterprises in Jilin province. It is designed by the former Ministry of Luoyang and the former Department of Agricultural Machinery Design Institute, constructed by Changchun third construction company, covers an area of 583,000 square meters. It belonged to seven administrations of Jilin agricultural hall, the eighth national machinery industry, machinery industry of Changchun City Authority. The 1959 made Shangyou tractor had participated in the 10th anniversary of the founding ceremony, it was the largest wheeled tractor production base at that time, second only to the country's 2nd largest agricultural machinery factory in Luoyang. From 1958 to 2002 until the cut-off, it has made tremendous contributions to the development of agricultural mechanization in our country.

Supportive Policies

In 2011, Erdao district government defined the modern logistics, business and trading area as two leading industries, facilitating the eastern business center, modern logistics center, leisure business development area to evolve together in Changchun and accelerating the pace of global urbanization.

Tractor Factory in Changchun is located in Changchun Economic Development Zone which has the priority of land consolidation, purchase and storage as well as the authority of preliminary administration and is lead by other policies relating to the renewal of old industrial base in northeastern and developing strategies in Changjitu, the region can also benefit from the stimulation of the most favorable development policy in city. Changchun tractor factory will develop into a creative industrial park and a base of cultural industry which is a integrate of cultural creativity, cultural exhibition and administration. It will also focus on cultivating cultural creative industry with high standard, grade and taste, it is a combination of tradition and modern fashion, which gradually become a new landmark of social development.

Research

Analysis of Function and Layout. The use of land in vicinity is complex, the south part is mainly for residence, there is a thermoelectrical plant in the east that serves for four areas, a specialization market in the northeast, an elevated expressways in the west of the city.

Traffic Analysis. Internal space of Tractor factory is flat, the structure of road network is cross grid, including t-junction and end road which is relatively common. For the reason that the base are remains of the old industrial area, the surrounding road system is therefore undeveloped, the branch road around the site is narrow and crowded, also the roads are full of dead ends highway and lack of basic network which lead to the poor traffic conditions.

Greening Analysis. The green belt area in Tractor Factory is grid-like, green rate is about 21%. The plantation rate of this region is higher than average in old industrial area, but the overall greening is fragmental and messy, also the landscape and architecture have been failed to form an integration.

Result

The research of the base indicate that the structure of the existing plants is intact but the inner environment is harsh, the protecting wall is severely damaged. The link between Tractor factory plant and external transport is weak and facilities are inadequate, high quality communal space which would bring the vigor to urban is in shortage. However, the construction land in plant area is adequate. Plus, the constraints of the design is relatively low, the adaptability is of high level.

3. Preferences, symbols and units

Integrated positioning

The transformation split, unit and adjust the existing messy parcel boundaries according to urban plotting and network control in reasonable method which would facilitate the integration of the cadastral boundaries and flexible control of planning. Also, it would improve the original space order in old plants and improve the efficiency of space usage. To be more specific, it intergrate the land which the space is connected and land that shares the same transforming mode and function. Plus, it determines each transforming land in accordance with plotting of planning network.

On the basis of related master planning, the layout of the land in transforming area would be modified considering the factors like terrain, urban traffic system and integrated positioning of plants. It could also be used to integrate the planning network in transforming area and forms a backbone pattern with «three horizontal three longitudinal.» The landscape plaza and sinking square would be introduced which would combine the network and landscape organically.

The concept of planning and designing

Starting from ideology. Starting from ideology, we can find from the site research that the road in tractor plants is narrow and enclosing, the large-scale plants blocks the space from north to south. Thus the transformation of tractor plants should introduce organic function and lessen the deep of the space as well. The scheme uses the designing method like corridor connecting space, landscape guiding, folding edge, and the lessen of the plant scale.

Starting from function positioning. Starting from the function orientation, the design decide to integrate the greening residence, culture, business as well as community service through research of the status of base and analysis of surrounding area functions. It aims to satisfy the need of regional development with great effort and brings energy to the region.

Starting from space typology. Starting from space typology, the design uses line strip to connect different functions. To be more specific, it creates corridor space, landscape and pedestrian zones. Corridor space can bring people comfortable walking experience, making pedestrian a pleasant space in which people could pass through despite of harsh weather. Also, the pedestrian blocks could link the retail and cultural space and bring a scenery of wandering at the same time.

Starting from creativity. A concept of weaving is introduced throughout the design, the weaving between series of functions give birth to diversity in the plants. A basic form of corridor that used as pedestrian walk combines with the concept of weaving brings energy to the region and stimulates the transportation from south to north. It breaks the traditional form of corridor; it is not only a connection on the ground but also works as a three dimensional transportation hub that links spaces in different floor plan.

The outside and inside space is connected via a enclosing corridor which would provide people a pleasant passage between buildings despite from harsh environment in winter and brings different experience as well.

Transformation Scheme

Considering the research the status quo and demand, the plant area should be evaluated to determine the retention of the building and give a different positioning towards the transformation according to the basic situation of each building. Perfect the road system in plot, the division of basic unit in plot is implemented with suitable road scale. The functional positioning of basic unit in site is implemented in accordance with the need of development of surrounding business near site and city. Green corridor will be implanted uniformly in site, also the introduction of controlling system like landscape, transportation, environmental vision will adjust the Green Corridor accordingly.

The large-scale of monomer plant will be decreased, the new internal traffic channel will be formed and thus the channel would strengthen links and vigor between the Northern and Southern side.

Based on the tractor factory in Changchun and research of surrounding area, combined with current conditions and environmental requirements, a positioning of function of buildings in Changchun tractor factory would be made.

The building in site A will be transformed into the inner periphery for residents of Civic Center to meet the needs of the activities of nearby residents.

The block B1, B2 is defined as cultural sites, respectively, the original plant will be transformed into the industrial museums, art galleries and the Library and Information Center. Protection and renewal would be implemented on some of the well - preserved buildings in order to maintain the industrial heritage of the original historic features.

Due to the lack of physical ground for physical activities in Erdao District, the buildings in site C will be transformed into the Sports and Exhibition Centre which is an integration of sports, business, service and exhibition for the purpose to meet the needs of different groups of people.

The site D is the central area of urban design, it not only adopts the north-south corridor to connect the site B and G but also uses an east-west horizontal corridor to connect the site C and site E, all of which woven the each building in entire tractor area into an organic whole. The building in site D is defined as art workshop, it not only introduces artist studios that brings energy, it also elevates the value of the region by attracting more people to come and visit.

The adjacent building in site D and E will be transformed into shopping malls, building in site G will be transformed into theater and an art performing plaza will be set on the east side of theater which would brings visual effects to the plant entrance.

Building in site H will be transformed into semi-conservative and semi-new form, he remained segment will be transformed into an eco-restaurant, and the newly built segment will be used as eco-hotel. Since the original plants in site F and J undertook serious damage, it will be reconstructed.

The site F and J will be used to build new large-scale commercial complex, by which the introduction of commercial enterprises would be prepared.

The K1 and K2 site on the eastern side of the plot will be used for the development of residential areas to improve the quality of living in entire region. The newly built apartments in site K3 will provide high-quality residence for short-stay population and foreign artists in the region.

Conclusion

With rapid urban development and the time goes by, social value should be given to the transformation and renewal of old industrial area through the conversation with nature, respect for history as well the revival of the city based on the status of country. The reuse of these industrial heritage that of great historical, cultural and social value will enhance the level of renovating theory and practical capability of old industrial area in our country with no doubt.

References

tractor plant industrial

1. Jiang Ying, Fang Hongju, Liu Xiheng. The Model Research on Creative Transformation Planning of Urban Old Industrial Section. Anhui Architecture. - 2012 (6). - 29-31.

2. Zheng Gang, Liu Yu, Ren Juan. Thinking on Reforming and Re-use of Former Industry Buildings. Huazhong Architecture. - 2011 (3). - 21-23.

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