Optimization and regulation of asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

Optimization and regulation of asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines

Rahimli I.N., Mammadov I.E.

Аннотация

This article explores optimization and control methods for asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines. Asynchronous electric drives are widely used in industry due to their efficiency, reliability and control flexibility. This article discusses the main control methods for asynchronous electric drives, such as speed vector control, pulse width modulation (PWM), feedback and adaptive control. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are also discussed.

Ключевые слова: electric drive, pumping machine, control, efficiency, pulse width modulation.

Asynchronous electric drives are the most common type of drive in industrial systems, including pumping machines (fig.1). They consist of two main parts: a stator and a rotor. The stator contains a winding through which alternating current passes, creating a magnetic field that in turn acts on the rotor. The rotor, in turn, can rotate under the influence of this magnetic field. The basic operating principle of an asynchronous electric drive is that an alternating voltage applied to the stator creates an alternating magnetic field, which in turn induces alternating currents in the rotor. These alternating currents in the rotor create torque, which causes the rotor to rotate and mechanical operation of the drive.

Figure 1. Pumping machine.

The main methods of regulating asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines are the following methods.

Vector speed control. Speed vector control is an advanced method of controlling asynchronous electric drives, which allows you to control not only the speed, but also the direction and exact position of the rotor. This method uses a mathematical model of the current and voltage vector, which allows the currents in the stator to be controlled in such a way as to create the required rotating field. Vector control provides high dynamic drive response, making it ideal for applications requiring high precision and fast response to load changes [1-5].

Pulse width modulation (PWM) methods. Pulse width modulation (PWM) is used to control the amplitude and duration of AC voltage pulses applied to the stator of an induction drive. This method allows you to effectively control the rotation speed and torque on the drive shaft. By changing the width of the PWM pulses, you can adjust the average voltage applied to the stator winding, which in turn allows you to adjust the rotor speed.

Applying feedback. Feedback is a key element in the control of asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines. This method is based on obtaining information about the state of the system using sensors and using this information to adjust control parameters in real time. The use of feedback in asynchronous electric drives for pumping machines plays a crucial role in ensuring precise speed control, high positioning accuracy and stable operation of the system under various operating conditions. This method helps optimize drive performance and ensure reliable operation over a long period of time [6-8].

Adaptive control. Adaptive control is an advanced approach to controlling asynchronous electric drives, which is based on the principle of automatically adapting the system to changing operating conditions without the need to manually adjust parameters. This method is especially important for industrial systems such as pumping machines, where changes in load and other factors can be unpredictable.

The main idea of adaptive control is the use of algorithms and techniques that allow the system to automatically adjust its control parameters in real time depending on changes in external conditions. This allows the system to maintain stable operation and optimal performance even under changing loads, ambient temperatures, wear and tear and other factors. The benefits of adaptive management include:

Automatic Parameter Tuning: Instead of manually adjusting control parameters, adaptive control allows the system to automatically adjust these parameters based on changing operating conditions.

Disturbance Tolerance: Adaptive control allows the system to quickly respond to disturbances, such as load changes or external disturbances, and adjust its .parameters to maintain stable operation

Performance Optimization: By automatically optimizing control parameters, adaptive control allows the system to achieve maximum performance under all operating conditions. asynchronous electric drive pulse

Reduced energy consumption: By optimizing system performance, adaptive control can also help reduce energy consumption and improve drive energy efficiency [9-13].

Conclusion

Optimization and control of asynchronous electric drives play a key role in increasing the productivity and efficiency of pumping machines. Using control methods such as speed vector control and PWM, the speed and voltage can be accurately controlled, ensuring stable drive performance under various operating conditions. The use of feedback and adaptive control allows the system to automatically adapt to changing conditions and compensate for possible disturbances, ensuring high accuracy and reliability of operation. Overall, these control methods work together to ensure optimal performance and efficiency of induction drives, making them an important element of modern industrial systems.

Список литературы

1. Sakaev A.F. Development of the moving sensor for automatic control system of pumping machine equipments / A.F. Sakaev , A.E. Kozjaruk // Freiberger Forchungsforum “New developments in Geoscience , Geoengineering , Metallurgy and Mining Economics”. - Germany , Freiberg , 2007. - C. 173-174;

2. Thejaswini, R.; Sindhuja, R. Voltage/Frequency control of an induction motor using FPGA. Int. J. Emerg. Eng. Res. Technol. 2014, 2, 101-106;

3. Piriyeva N.M. Asynchronous electric motor with efficient cooling system. Power engineering problems No. 4, Baku, 2020. Pp. 34-40;

4. I.N. Rahimli, S.V. Rzayeva, E.E. Umudov, “DIRECTION OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY”, Vestnik nauki, Issue 2, Vol. 61, №4, April 2023;

5. Nijat Mammadov, “Selection of the type of electric generators for a wind electric installation”, Universum journal, №9(102), pp.6567, September 2022

6. I.P.Kopylov, Design of electrical machines. Textbook for universities/ed., Moscow, 2011-767p;

7. Pirieva N.M., Huseynov Z.F. Characteristics of synchronous motors. International scientific journal "Bulletin of science" No.3 (60) Volume 4 2023. Pp.241-246.

8. Piriyeva N.M., Ahmadli A.N. Comparisons of electrical generators, used in wind electric installations. International scientific journal “Bulletin of science”, No. 1 (70), Volume 3. 2024, p.975986;

9. Charonov V. Ya. Automated control of the operation of an oil pumping machine / V. Ya. Charonov, E. G. Egorov, V. S. Genin // Electrical engineering. - 1998. P. 54-59;

10. Ilkin Marufov, Najiba Piriyeva, Nijat Mammadov, Shukufa Ismayilova, “Calculation of induction levitation vertical axis wind generator-turbine system parameters, levitation and influence loop”, Przeglqd Elektrotechniczny - 2024 - No.2 - pp.135139;

11. N.S. Mammadov, G.A. Aliyeva, “Energy efficiency improving of a wind electric installation using a thyristor switching system for the stator winding of a two- speed asynchronous generator”, IJTPE, Issue 55, Volume 55, Number 2, pp. 285-290;

12. Nijat Mammadov, Sona Rzayeva, Nigar Ganiyeva, “Analisys of synchronized asynchronous generator for a wind electric installation”, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny journal, Vol. 2, № 5, pp.37-40, Poland, May 2023;

13. Rahimli I. N. and Musayev R. R. "RESEARCH OF EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF THE ELECTRIC DRIVE OF A PUMPING MACHINE." Вестник науки 1.12 (69) (2023): 830-835

Размещено на Allbest.ru