The role of telemedicine in ensuring the accessibility and development of medical care in Russia, United States of America and India
Analysis of the need for telemedicine in healthcare system. Its regulation and the legal aspects in Russia, USA and India. Comparison of telemedicine issues and the insufficiencies in providing her services in these countries with the existing laws.
| Рубрика | Медицина |
| Вид | дипломная работа |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 28.08.2020 |
| Размер файла | 663,2 K |
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Telemedicine offers patients a better access to more specialists. Doctors also have the opportunity torefer their patients to the specific physicians they need, irrespective of their location.
Increased Patient Engagement
Patient's commitment to personal healthcare goals, leads to lower costs and improved health. Engaging patients through telemedicine can help them maintain their appointments by themselves. Not only do virtual visits reassure patients that their providers are available to them and are also involved in their care, but also it makes it much easier for them to reach out with queries, report early symptoms/signs, and make follow-up appointments to make sure they're on track.
Better Patient Care Quality
Improved timeliness of careis a patient-centered approachoffered by telemedicine. For evaluation of the quality of patient care, it is crucial. Real-time urgentconsultations can help to address healthcare issues quickly and patients can learn about treatment options within minutes.
A recent study of the American Journal of Managed Care shows that patients availing telemedicine services have lower rates of depression, anxiety, and stress, and have 38% fewer hospital admissions.
3.4.2 Profitable for providers
Apart from the benefits to patients - and the healthcare industry as a whole, telemedicine also has great potential to generate better revenue sources for clinics [40].Here's how telemedicine and the addition of tele-patients to a clinical practice can make healthcare services provision profitable for the provider:
· Reduction of costs in staff management. To take the vital signs and record the information of a patient, presence of a medical personnel/ nurse is not mandatory. Nowadays technology which is not very expensive can perform these tasks automatically, more accurately and efficiently.
· Provides a larger pool of patients.
Greater efficiency of clinics to reach out to patients across the country via telemedicine will increase the access to more patients and this will dictatethe incrementin their revenue generation.
· Competition Orientation.
The clinics can easily expand their list of specialties as the providers can deliver telemedicine consultations from any location. This will enlarge the patient pool and will also set the doctors apart competitively, which, in turn, further will increase the patient (and revenue) base.
The times of telemedicine are here, as the patients seek out the best specialists - no matter where they are - healthcare service providers need to embrace the new age of technology in which the reach of the experts to the people in need across geographical barriers is facilitated by telemedicine.
3.5 Recommendations
The comparison of the three countries makes us understand that there are a number of positive aspects in the case study of United States of America which can be a learning curve for both Russia and India. Both the countries (Russia and India) are severely different from each other in many aspects as it is already evident from the citations, statistics and data analyses. Nevertheless both the countries are at the doorstep of a revolutionary change in their respective healthcare systems with the advent of telemedicine as a major player. Both the countries need a better and more efficient functioning of telemedicine. For that it is important to make some changes in the areas of legislation, education, social and economic. To make these changes the following recommendations are made:
1) Legislative
A) Organizing work for preparation and review of regulatory legal acts governing technology to conduct medical tele-consultations.
B) Clear instructions and specifications of specialties of telemedicine.
C) A clear declaration in legislative acts - definition of the participants involved in telemedicine, their Obligations and Rights and the Form of responsibility for their non-compliance.
2) Educational
A) Development of a compulsory educational program - the subject TELEMEDICINE for every specialization (narrow specialty) in medicine.
B) Regulation on the introduction of standards - the number of hours, manuals and literature.
C) Certification of software training and equipment for training practices and use in medical practice.
D) Development of education programs for employees of medical institutions for advanced training.
E) Allocation of funds - funds for medical institutions for educational events for employees.
3) Social
Creation of a permanent state body subordinated to the Ministry of Health with regional representations - telemedicine institutes, whose work will be aimed at preparing an annual telemedicine development plan, monitoring all participants in the activities, facilitating and disseminating.
Removing the restriction of initial in-person examination before allowing telemedicine for the “patient-doctor” type of interaction (I must say that this concerns the patient's initial appeal to the doctor with complaints and requests for referral to other specialist. In order to allow appointments for further examination and research, analyzes. Not excluding the obligatory further in-person visit).
4) Economic
Development of proper salary structures for state employees of medical institutions involved in tele-consultations for both the “doctor-doctor” and “patient-doctor” types. Determination and control of the cost/price of telemedicine services for patients in the private sector.
Conclusion
Results - The overall results of review of the collected data varied from country to country and clinical topic, but generally the findings are that implementation of telemedicine im proved clinical outcomes and has made high quality medical care more accessible and cost-effective to all the sections of the society in each country.
Conclusions - In general, the comparative study of Russia, United States of America and India indicates that telemedicine consultations are indeed effective in improving outcomes or providing services, however still there is a need to develop better laws, technologies and networks. There are a number of lessons for both Russia and India to learn from the US model of provision of telemedicine services. There is enough possibility in making the present services more accessible to the rural and urban populations. With the constant revision of laws and amendments we can conclude that at present, especially in the wake of COVID-19 telemedicine has got the right attention of various health administration bodies all over the globe, which it requires to evolve and achieve the primary goal of delivery of quality healthcare services at a distance.
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