Essence and content of the category "healthy lifestyle"

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Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University

ESSENCE AND CONTENT OF THE CATEGORY "HEALTHY LIFESTYLE"

Elnara Ismailova,

Ph.D. program of the Institute of Education

of the Republic of Azerbaijan;

Senior Lecturer of the Jalilabad branch

Baku

Abstract

healthy lifestyle education student

The article notes that in the modern period a number of factors: socio-political, environmental, as well as an unhealthy lifestyle, addiction to bad habits, etc. have a serious negative impact on the spiritual and physical health, emotional, psychological, mental and intellectual state of students. The nature of this situation has led to the emergence of valueology as a new integrative field of science, conditioned by the demands of modern social life and society, involving a healthy lifestyle, care for the personal health of all people, including the students themselves. The model of formation of a healthy lifestyle among students requires the definition of the purpose, content, essence and principles of pedagogical activity aimed at the formation of a healthy lifestyle in them. In modern times, a healthy lifestyle for every person is based on such values as happiness and well-being as a way of life. Speaking about the values that determine the content of a healthy lifestyle, we consider it necessary to focus on the fact that in this study we are talking about a healthy lifestyle that creates types of a healthy lifestyle or implies its components. It was this premise and this approach that made it possible to determine the further analysis of the concept of "healthy lifestyle”. The socio-economic progress that has taken place in modern Azerbaijan requires people who avoid bad habits, consciously and responsibly treat their health and those around them, lead a correct lifestyle, and be healthy physically and spiritually. Thus, the further development of our state, which occupies a worthy place in Europe and among the countries of the world, is due to the education of young generations living in a healthy environment and healthy both physically and mentally and spiritually. Therefore, a careful and responsible attitude to the physical and spiritual existence of oneself and others, in terms of health protection, a caring attitude towards oneself, loved ones and others should become a practical principle or moral law of the life and work of a future teacher. Within the framework of the problem we are studying, in this aspect, the implementation of the project “Healthy Education - a Healthy Nation” in educational institutions is of great importance.

Keywords: healthy lifestyle; valeology; student; educational institution; pedagogical process; public consciousness.

Анотація

СУТНІСТЬ І ЗМІСТ КАТЕГОРІЇ «ЗДОРОВИЙ СПОСІБ ЖИТТЯ»

Ісмайлова Ельнара Атамалі, дисертант з програми доктора філософії Інституту освіти Азербайджанської Республіки; старший викладач Джалілабадської філії Азербайджанського державного педагогічного університету. Баку, Азербайджан.

У статті наголошується, що в сучасний період низка факторів: соціально-політичних, екологічних, а також нездоровий спосіб життя, пристрасть до шкідливих звичок тощо, надають негативний вплив на духовне та фізичне здоров'я, емоційний, психологічний, психічний та інтелектуальний стан студентів. Характерність такої ситуації призводить до виникнення валеології як нової інтегративної галузі науки, зумовленої запитами сучасного соціального життя та суспільства, що передбачає здоровий спосіб життя, турботу про особисте здоров'я всіх людей, зокрема й самої студентської молоді. Модель формування здорового способу життя у студентів вимагає визначення мети, змісту, сутності та принципів педагогічної діяльності, спрямованої на формування у них здорового способу життя. В сучасний час здоровий спосіб життя кожної людини ґрунтується на таких цінностях, як щастя та благополуччя та спосіб життєдіяльності. Говорячи про цінності, що визначають зміст здорового способу життя, вважаємо за необхідне акцентувати увагу на тому, що в дослідженні йдеться про здоровий спосіб життя, що створює види здорового способу життя або передбачає його складові. Саме це посилання і такий підхід дозволили визначити подальший аналіз поняття «здоровий спосіб життя». Соціально-економічний прогрес, що відбувається в сучасному Азербайджані, вимагає людей, які уникають шкідливих звичок, свідомо і відповідально ставляться до свого здоров'я та оточуючих, які ведуть правильний спосіб життя, здорових фізично та духовно. Таким чином, подальший розвиток нашої держави, яка займає гідне місце в Європі та серед країн світу, зумовлена вихованням молодих поколінь, що живуть у здоровому середовищі та здорових як фізично, так і розумово та духовно. Отже, дбайливе та відповідальне ставлення до фізичного та духовного існування себе та інших, у плані охорони здоров'я, ставлення до себе, близьких та оточуючих має стати практичним принципом чи моральним законом життя та діяльності майбутнього вчителя. У рамках досліджуваної нами проблеми у цьому аспекті велике значення має реалізація в освітніх закладах проекту «Здорова освіта - здорова нація».

Ключові слова: здоровий спосіб життя; валеологія; студент; освітня установа; педагогічний процес; суспільна свідомість.

Formulation of the problem

At all stages of the development of society, depending on objective and sometimes subjective factors, people paid special attention and attached importance to their health and a healthy lifestyle. Apparently, a person's desire to improve his health and lifestyle comes from his natural needs and is influenced by objective factors.

Therefore, it is quite natural that interest in human health has increased not only among medical workers and medicine in general, but also among philosophers, educators, psychologists, sociologists, ecologists and others, and this most important social problem continues to be in their field of vision.

Health, like a healthy lifestyle, is included in the system of pedagogical concepts if it is purposefully focused on pedagogical activity and pedagogical practice and becomes the object of research in pedagogical science.

In our study, we are talking about the formation of a healthy lifestyle of student youth at the stage of modern development of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

The scientist Iosif Iskovich Brekhman, who is considered the founder of the science of general valueology, defines five elements and components of the health system [10]:

1) the level and harmony of physical development;

2) the functional state of the body;

3) the level of immune protection and nonspecific resistance;

4) the presence of a disease or a defect in its development;

5) moral-volitional and value-motivational orientations.

At present, the state of health of the population of Azerbaijan is characterized by average indicators. According to the economic theory of supply and demand, only this can explain the existence of 120 pharmacy wholesale centers in our country and the annual increase in the number of pharmacies and hospitals. Although the negative processes have long passed, the COVID-19 pandemic virus, which has spread widely in the world and in our country in recent years, is accompanied by terrible and dangerous moments for the population.

Chemical, biological and physical pollution of the environment, addiction of the population, especially young people, to smoking, alcohol, drugs, etc., sensitization of children, adolescents and young people not only causes changes in the immune status of the population, but also contributes to the emergence of new forms of infectious diseases in as a result of contact with opportunistic and even previously non-pathogenic microorganisms for humans. As a clear example, COVID-19, which has swept most countries of the world, can serve.

Various methodological paradigms arise on the way to the formation of a new interdisciplinary complex science, due to the most important and significant requirement of social reality and forming a close dialectical unity with human life and being. This, in turn, encourages social and natural sciences to integrate new knowledge on this issue.

Analysis of major research and publications

There are a number of works and studies of many prominent teachers, psychologists, scientists- methodologists related to this problem, who developed the Azerbaijani science of pedagogy and psychology with their research, enriched its theory and practice. G. Aliyev [4], T. Allahyarova [1], G. Bayramov [2], G. Huseynov [S], F. Rustamov [6], Y. Talibov [7] can be distinguished among the Azerbaijani scientists involved in this research and others.

In recent years, several directions have been identified in the study of this problem: philosophical and sociological, medical and hygienic, and pedagogical and psychological.

Representatives of the philosophical and sociological trend are V. Stolyarov [19], P. Vinogradov [12], V. Ponomarchuk [17], V. Petrushin [18] and others. Considering a healthy lifestyle (HLS) as a global social problem, they study it as an integral part of the lifestyle of an individual and society as a whole.

Such medical scientists as V. Lisitsin [16], E. Weiner [11], M. Kagan [15], V. Volkov [14], I. Brekhman [10] and others.

According to representatives of the pedagogical and psychological direction of M. Vilensky [13], V. Balsevich [9] and others, it is very important to motivate a person to a healthy lifestyle in order to protect and maintain health, and the main reason here is related to his (human) consciousness and psychology.

Aim and tasks

The purpose of the study is to propose new methods, forms and proposals in this area as a result of studying, analyzing and monitoring the theory and practice of forming a healthy lifestyle among students of higher educational institutions.

The tasks arising from the purpose of the study are as follows:

• consideration of the state of research in general and pedagogical valeology, the problem of the formation of a healthy lifestyle in our country;

• studying the situation of teaching general and pedagogical valeology;

• study of the existing theory and practice of valeological education;

• determination of the factors that determine the formation of a healthy lifestyle for students of a pedagogical university;

• studying the experience of forming a healthy lifestyle of students in higher education;

• analysis of existing educational materials, programs and syllabuses from the point of view of the formation of a healthy lifestyle;

• study of the possibilities and ways of forming a healthy lifestyle of students in the educational process;

• identification of opportunities for extracurricular activities;

• preparation of scientific and pedagogical recommendations for the creation of a system of work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle for students.

The theoretical backgrounds

The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the modern pedagogical theory in Azerbaijan includes general and pedagogical valeology, a healthy lifestyle, the formation of a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, etc., and also consists in enriching it with new paradigms and terms. An analysis of modern scientific literature (pedagogical, psychological, medical, sociological, philosophical, etc.) related to the problem of lifestyle, as we have already mentioned, indicates the absence of a single point of view on this concept and category. In the relevant areas of integrative science, life style is understood as.

1. The totality of life forms is defined as a characteristic of an important system that characterizes the activities of peoples, nations, classes, social groups, individuals in certain conditions of a socio-economic formation.

2. Lifestyle - a way of social environment and personality, interaction and communication of a group with a social group.

3. The way of life as a means of a real description of the way of life of society as a whole is an indicator of its mutual development with an objective- subjective content. A way of life is a form that recreates the existence of society and is historically determined by it.

4. The way of life is determined by the position of people in a certain system of social production and is characterized by the level of development of material resources, being a concrete historical process of their life activity.

5. Lifestyle reveals the totality, integration and centralization of certain social and qualitative aspects of public life; it is in this case that the qualitative side of the way of life reflects the peculiarity of the socio-economic structure and is briefly called the quality of life. Here the quantitative side is determined by the level of development of the productive forces as constituent parts and components of the material and technical base of the state, and at the same time by the level of well-being of the people as a whole, or their standard of living.

6. Interacting with the environment, its nature and social elements, the way of life combines such levels and aspects as the standard of living, the essence of life, lifestyle, way of life.

A way of life can be characterized from the point of view of its basic essence by the following provisions: