On the problem of formation of national consciousness of personality of future teachers of musical art

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Kirovohrad Volodymyr Vynnychenko State Pedadogical University

UDK 378.147.091.3:78

On the problem of formation of national consciousness of personality of future teachers of musical art

Didych Halina Stepanivna

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences,

Assistant Professor of the Department

of Musical-Theoretical and

Instrumental Disciplines

e-mail: didych.h@i.ua

Formulation and justification of the relevance of the problem. The problem of national education, the formation of national consciousness and self-consciousness of the person are current issues nowadays. Due to the national consciousness the person better understands his people, history, spirituality and culture, as well as his qualities, skills and abilities, develops the main directions of his activities, outlines and successfully argues his stance. In this regard, it is important to highlight the role of presence in the future teachers of musical art skills for the development of national consciousness among the younger generation.

In the state legislative documents (Law of Ukraine «On education», «On General Secondary Education», state national program «Education. Ukraine XXI century») [4; 5; 8] it is identified the role and importance of education and upbringing a personality in the spirit of love to the country and awareness of civic duty based on the combination of national and universal spiritual values. Researches directed on the intensification of the process of national education become of current urgency. Organized educational influence should include such factors as language, literature, fine arts, music. Analysis of scientific literature shows that Ukrainian folk music, which displays the traditional Ukrainian culture, the historical past of the Ukrainian people, an emotional impact on the mind and consciousness is a significant factor of educational influence on the personality.

Analysis of recent research and publications. On the problems of national education, the formation of national consciousness and self-consciousness such luminaries of Ukrainian pedagogy worked as: G. Vashchenko, I. Oghienko, S. Rusova, V.Sukhomlinsky, K. Ushinsky, etc.

A number of famous philosophers dedicated their studies to the formation of national consciousness, such as: N. Vozniak, V.Zhmir, I. Kresina, etc.; psychologists: I. Bech, M. Borishevsky, O. Kirichuk, etc.; historians: Ya. Dashkevich, Ya. Isaevich, etc.

Important aspects of national education and the formation of culture and identity are reflected in the writings of modern teachers: V. Bondar, M. Evtuhk, I. Pidlasui, U. Rudenko, O. Savchenko, B.Stuparick, O. Suhomlinska, G. Filipchuk, etc. Theoretical bases of formation of national identity backgrounds A. Aleksyuk, I. Bekh, O. Boyko, V. Maiboroda, I. Martishok, O. Nikulenko etc. Separate psycho-pedagogical and methodic aspects of formation of national consciousness of personality are revealed in the dissertation researches byG. Gumenyuk, U. Netavrovana, V. Kayukova, G. Klovak, O. Yarmolenko etc.

Scientists actively work on the problem of national identity formation both in Ukraine and abroad. They pay considerable attention to resolve it, exploring childhood and school age, with the means of art, especially music, are considered the most effective. This issue is researched in the works by L. Alshevska, N. Ghiziyatulina, G. Gumenyuk, L. Kandyba, G. Klovack, N. Kopylenko, O. Krasovskaya, O. Lyubar, L. Palamarchuk, K. Prikhodchenko, S. Samoplavska, M. Stelmahovich, D. Thorzhevskiy, F. Kharisov, etc.

The purpose of this article is to reveal theoretical bases of problems of formation of national consciousness of the person, clarifying the nature of «national identity», the definition of the structural elements of the nationally conscious person.

The main material of the study. The problem of formation of consciousness and self-consciousness is reflected in the writings of almost all great teachers. In particular B. Grinchenko, N. Kostomarov, S.Tomashevskiy and others considered the idea of forming a national consciousness as the main task of national upbringing.

A cultural approach to national identity was investigated in a number of scientific researches by A. Boyko, M. Boryshevskiy, V. Zhmir, V. Martynyuk, T. Matseikiv, U. Rimarenko, B.Stuparick, D. Thorzhevskiy etc. They believe that the historical and cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people is the basis of national consciousness. They associate the path to harmonious life of mankind with the development and realization of national cultures.

teacher musical national consciousness

A small number of researches are dedicated to the formation of national consciousness of young people, there are works by such authors as S. Bevzhenko, I. Golubenko, T. Donchenko, B.Onischuk, E.Pasechnik, and S. Starkova.

The question of solving this problem in modern conditions is specially investigated in the thesis by R. Bereza and R. Osipets, where it is defined that the national identity is formed by means of art, namely, by means of theatrical folk festivals, as well as in the development of the folk-song culture.

Laboratories, which develop the aesthetic aspects of teaching activities, and explores the educational role of artistic culture and art, particularly music, form quite powerful ttrend of native pedagogical thought. It represents the names of such scientists as V. Butenko,

O. Dem'yanchuk, V. Dryapika, L. Koval, L. Masol, G. Padalka, O. Rostovskiy, O. Rudnitska, L. Khlebnikova, S.Svidka, G. Shevchenko, L. Sheremet, O. Shchelokova, etc.

Scientists, philosophers, psychologists and educators believe that at its core self-awareness is the highest level of reflection of reality and the regulation of human activity in which man rises to the realization of his difference, his interests and goals of activity and consciously regulates this activity.

From a psychological point of view consciousness is the highest level of mental reflection and self-regulation; this level is generally considered to be inherent to a man as social and historical being; the thoughts and feelings that the individual is aware at any given moment.

By Sigmund Freud, consciousness is one of the three systems of the psyche, which includes only what is realized in each moment of time. The primary role of consciousness - the role of the sense organ for the perception of psychic qualities, mainly for the perception of external stimuli, and feelings of pleasure and dissatisfaction, which can occur only inside the psyche [6, p. 332].

In the «Ukrainian pedagogical dictionary» by S. Honcharenko we have found a different interpretation of the term «consciousness»: it is a human way of relating to the world through publicly developed system of knowledge embodied in the language. Consciousness arises only in society. Due to the consciousness a man outlines more or less distant goal of his activities, regulates his behavior, affects the behavior of other people [3, p. 296].

The philosophers claim, that consciousness - is a human way of relating to the world through socio-productive system of knowledge embodied in language, in all its meanings and values; the highest form of reflection of matter. By nature consciousness is a property of highly organized matter - the human brain. This property appears to create subjective images of the objective world, in the receipt, storage and processing of information in the development of a life program.

Psychologists practice the term «self- awareness» as the highest level of consciousness, it is the basis for forming a mental activity and independence of the individual in his judgments and actions. Self-awareness - is an image of one-self and an attitude to one-self. This image and attitude are inextricably linked with the desire to change oneselves, self-improvement. One of the highest forms of consciousness - the attempt to find the sense of one's own activities, which often transform in search of the meaning of life [6, p. 448].

The importance of identity was provided by V. Zhabotinskiy, who said: «I put forward another criterion of the highest race - identity ... Externally, it is manifested in the fact that we call different name - often with pride. This is a feature by which king Lear in robes remains king, he can not get rid of this consciousness» [2, p. 111].

Self-awareness is the formation of identity. Thus, consciousness is the basis of capacity or conscious attitude to the world and man in general.

Social consciousness is an economic, social, political, legal, moral, artistic, religious, philosophical, scientific and other views, but also images, ideas and theories [7, p. 79].

One of the aspects of public consciousness is the national consciousness of the person.

National consciousness - is understanding of each person, and all the people the multidimensional aspects of their national life - in the past, today and in the future. National consciousness creates the conditions for a deep understanding of the needs and interests of native people at all stages of their historical development. Due to the national consciousness the person better understands his people, his culture and spirituality, as well as their qualities, skills and abilities, develops the main directions of his activities, determines and successfully asserts his stance [10, p. 20].

The pedagogical aspect is extremely important in the study of national identity. Pedagogy is based on general philosophical concepts and studies of psychology and sociology, and it explores issues of national identity mainly from a practical point of view, analyzing the forms, methods and ways of its formation in the educational process.

A full, valuable, nationally conscious personality with a sense of self-worth, with high moral qualities is possible to educate only through properly organized system of study of the national ideals, traditions, customs. And this system should be formed with national outlook, philosophy of the nation, national ideology [9, p. 9].

Outstanding Ukrainian pedagogue Grigory Vashchenko noted that «the national education of youth is the most important task of our people» [1, p. 172]. «The Ukrainian must love his people as children love their parents, must love his traditions, his native language, songs, customs, love of nature among which he lives, his culture» [1, p. 172].

The idea of national education occupy an important place in the educational system by V. Sukhomlinskiy. It is in the folk pedagogy, the scientist borrows the idea of the teachers' treatment to the heart and mind of a child, the ways of resolving contradictions between personal, national and universal values. The researcher argues that the value-semantic sphere of a pupil begins to take shape in the family, and such values as love, faith, beauty, charity, kindness, attention, truth, care about people, are universal, moral and ethical concepts inherent in the Ukrainian [12, p. 485].

In folk customs, rites, and traditions V. Sukhomlinskiy saw the origins of the spirituality of primary school pupils, the sources of his «spiritual world», «spiritual life». The researcher associated the spiritual life of the person in pedagogical and psychological aspects with the development of one's moral, intellectual, aesthetic request sand interests in the process of activity, the researcher argued that national education should bear active character.

National identity is the result of a rotation of the individual's consciousness on his own «I», forming the image of «I» as a nationally conscious person. Structural elements of this image are knowledge of the native language, Ukrainian customs, rituals and traditions, self-awareness as a representative of a particular nation, national culture and history.

National education is the core of the initiation of young people to knowledge anB creating of a national culture, traditions and language because all of this drop by drop the people make on historically. M. Berdyaev noted, «Who doesn't love his people, he cannot love humanity ..., the man enters humanity through national individuality, as a national man, and not a faceless man» [11, p. 62].

Conclusions and prospects for further researches of direction. Consequently, national consciousness, and self-awareness is the fundamental phenomenon that promotes the development of all potentials and abilities of the individual. Due to the national consciousness the person better understands his people, his history, spirituality and culture, as well as his qualities, abilities and skills, develops the main directions of his activities, outlines and successfully argues his stance. But this task cannot be performed without taking into account the importance of preparing future teachers for the same job at the school and, accordingly, without forming their national identity as a required professional quality and not just quality civil.

Despite significant scientific background of modern scholars, currently there is no single interpretation of the concept of «national identity», which leads to blurring in the definition of the objectives and content of educational work. Researches of this direction has not adequately highlighted theoretical and methodological aspects of formation of national consciousness of students, particularly future teachers of musical art. This issue requires further researches.

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ВІДОМОСТІ ПРО АВТОРА

ДІДИЧ Галина Степанівна - кандидат педагогічних наук, доцент кафедри музично-теоретичних та інструментальних дисциплін Кіровоградського державного педагогічного університету імені Володимира Винниченка.

Наукові інтереси: професійна підготовка майбутнього вчителя музичного мистецтва.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHOR

DIDУCH Kalina Stepanivna - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Assistant Professor of the Department of Musical-Theoretical and Instrumental Disciplines, Kirovohrad Volodymyr Vynnychenko State Pedadogical University.

Circle of scientific interests: professional training of future teachers of musical art, the perception of music as a pedagogical problem of artistic and aesthetic education of the younger generation.

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