Taganrog State Pedagogical Institute: diagnostic tools of studying of large families for address pedagogical support

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The necessity of systematic professionally put pedagogical and psychological diagnostics and the way of life and pedagogical potential of different family types, including large family is understood in psychological and pedagogical sciences and turns up now not only appeals, but the more developing problematics. Contingent valuation methods dominate in modern Russian investigations of large families as considerably strategic and economical. There are not much investigations of such type, but they exist. Researchers found out comparative proneness to conflict of teenagers, psychological condition of children in small, large and incomplete families with the help of contingent valuation methods. In accordance with interrogation it is marked, that the biggest percent fell at conflicts with coevals [3].

It should be mentioned, that the idea of simultaneous using of several supplemental systems of different type gets more widely to pedagogical consciousness lately.

Thus, interesting collection of questionnaires for parents and pupils is presented in magazine “Education of schoolboys” by N. Derehmeva in 2002. There was described the test for parents: “On what basis is the attitude of the father and mother to the child based?” Then there is the mini-questionnaire “Education of children and their parents in faces; diagram of typical school day of pupil; questionnaire for parents; questionnaire - survey of parents on the first parent-teacher association meeting”. having received the results, it is possible to correct relationships between parents and children.

It is possible also to choose the right principle of children education [2].

There is an experience of application for inspection of families of professionally developed personal questionnaires. however, there are considerable organizational and methodical problems. M.K. Akimova is evenly indignant in her introduction to the textbook at abandoned stream of diagnostic literature editions, their pirate character, innumerable number of mistakes, inaccuracy both in stimulus material and understanding and interpretation of system's results. [4]. M.K. Akimova recommends such methods for diagnostics of parent and children and marital relations as “Inquirer of attitude of parents to their children” by A.ya. Warga and V.V. Stolin (61 statements, 5 scales); “Inquirer for parents “Analysis of family relations” by E.g. Ademiller (130 statements and 9 scales of typical deviations); “PARI (Parential attitude research instrument) inquirer” by E.S. Sheffer and R.K. Bell in his adaptation T.V. Nesheret (115 assertions, which allow to define an attitude to family role, attitude of parents to their child, superfluous emotional distance or superfluous concentration on a child). The ability of using T. liri's Inquirers is also mentioned for these goals [4]. We suppose that more laconic and well adapted Inquirer of A.Ya. Warga and V.V. Stolin should be used for mass diagnostics of large families. The rest marked methods should be put to use only in problem cases for in-depth analysis (because of their baffling complexity and labour-intensiveness in filling and processing, higher demands of basic level of parential psychological level).

CB Ademiller's Inquirer should be used for diagnostics of family education type. It allows determining the agreement/disagreement or uncertainty while choosing answer according researched parent's assertion. According to final results it allows to characterize the type of family education as one of the six: indulgent hyper-patronage, dominating hyper-patronage, brutal treatment, emotional rejection, heightened moral responsibility or third-rater. Evident benefit of the inquirer is the ability to determine the reasons of disorders in family education system, which are caused by peculiarities of parent's behavior, widening of parent's feelings because of higher protection of childish qualities in a teenager, educational uncertainty of parents or phobia of child loss, lack of development of parent's feelings, projection of personal negative qualities on a child, insertion of conflict between married couple in the sphere of education. The test “Do you know youthful psychology?” can be used as an additional method when determining the reasons of tactical mistakes of parents in conflicts with elder children. It consists of 24 statements, according which investigated person must show agreement/disagreement or mark difficulties in his answer. As a result of summation of gathered “raw” scores and their transference in standard (T units) we can define low, high or middle level of youthful psychology knowledge, which was reached by investigated person.

Thus, it can be considered, that the strong “diagnostic starvation” of tools for family relations research, including large families, has been overcome now. But the material, which we have and use now still should be systematized; it also needs strict scientific approbation according to all demands of standardization of methods for psychological and pedagogical diagnostics. And of course, authors and editors have to maintain selections of tools for their presentation; otherwise it is difficult for user to estimate the quality and professionalism of the suggested tool. To our mind, the creation of diagnostic systems of conceptually valid tool for the decision of typical, constantly appeared problems of social pedagogics is the most perspective. And on this point we have some positive experience. Thus, recently both public and government are concerned about problems of children from immigrant families, who left contiguous countries (mainly former union republics) because of different reasons (mostly because of military operations). Many of these families have many children. They have difficulties with Russian citizenship and state support; it is difficult for them to be accepted in social and public sphere.

The experience of creation of specialized method for immigrant families' diagnostics and their specific, including child, problems is interesting.

O.V. Gykalenko has prepared special textbook, consisting of 4 oriented on computer processing questionnaires for pupils, which are aimed to collect information about attitude to different region cultures, relationships between classmates, psychological position in typical communication situations, attitude to school, forms of leisure organization, and acquaintance of children with their rights. One questionnaire for parents (preferable forms of public and intercultural education, significancy assessment of cultural factors influence on children), one for students and senior pupils of pedagogic faculties, one for young teachers and form-masters, experienced teachers, deputy principals and headmasters were also included in the collection of diagnostic methods [1].

References

pedagogic parent diagnostic behavior

1. Diagnostic method for studying of immigrant children peculiarities and work difficulties in multicultural educational area. Gykalenko O.V. Tiraspol, 2000.

2. Questionnaires for parents and pupils [Text]// Education of schoolboys. Derehmeva. N. 2002. № 1.

3. Child psychodiagnostics and career-guidance [Text]/ Edited by l.D. Stolyarenko. Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1999.

4. Psychological diagnostics: Textbook for Universities/ Edited by M.K. Akimova, K.M. Gyrevich [Text]. SPb.: Saint Petersburg, 2005.

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