The use of synetics methods in the development of children in the English language

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The use of synetics methods in the development of children in the English language

Svitlana Dmytriyeva II year student (bachelor's) level of higher education Faculty of Ukrainian Philology, Foreign Languages and Social Communications

Supervisor - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor Chernionkov Ya.O.

This study was conducted to determine the main theoretical characteristics of the concept of "synectics" in preschool education. The author investigated, analyzed the leading role and conceptual influence of various theories, methods, ways, analogies, methods of synectic development of a foreign language for the development of preschool children.

Key words: synectics, methods of synectics, development of preschool children, ways of improving a foreign language, stages of theoretical work, analogies of synectics.

Introduction

Defining of the problem and the analysis of the last researches and publications. The education system is informative and able to educate the citizen. New, creative methods are often used to replace outdated ones. Children need to know the international language and communicate in it. Thus, when teaching foreign languages, scientists use the method of synectics. This method helps to combine logical and figurative thinking, to move freely from one mental level to another, eliminates stereotypes of thinking.

Synectics is the strongest method of intensifying inventive activity withing the framework of the principle of search variants [1].The method of synectics is used to solve problems and find new ideas by using analogies and transferring the problems that have arisen to ready-made solutions that exist in different fields and areas. G. Altshuller developed the theory. He spoke about the formation of creative thinking in children. The founder of this theory was M. Shustermanov.

The purpose of writing the article is to analyze the use of synectic methods in the speech development of preschool children while deepening their knowledge of foreign language.

The main material of the study

Nowadays, educators are looking for newer ways to present information to the child, so innovations are very actively implemented. Educators have a problem choosing methods of working with children. Innovative technologies develop personality. preschool education synectics

In today's world, pedagogical teams of general preschool education are looking for new ways to present information to the child, which is why innovative technologies are being actively introduced. Educators face the problem of choosing methods, forms of organization of work with children, innovative technologies that best meet the challenges of personal development. Modern pedagogical technologies in preschool education are aimed at implementing state standards of preschool education [2, 2-10].

Higher education scientists are looking for different ways to set goals for their children. So the students should know why they need to learn English. As English is an international language, it will be needed in the future.

English ranks 2nd in the world so a large number of people speak this language. About four hundred million recognize English as their first language of this number .Knowledge of this language is a great opportunity to travel anywhere and communicate with all residents. You can also read books in the original language.

The most optimal period for a child's development is preschool. During this period, children memorize foreign words well. Forming the attitude of preschoolers to the environment, the ability to control their activities is crucial. The organization of the experience of preschoolers, its generalization and consolidation in the form of marks is important at this age.

In addition to their native language, children in kindergarten also study a foreign language, mostly English. This language is no less melodious than Ukrainian. Children love to learn it. And they can speak English very quickly.

This language is needed by both adults and children. After all, in the future you may have to work abroad. And without knowledge of English you are nobody in a foreign country. English develops a person's outlook, teaches to think, analyze. Also develops memory. So now, learning English is a top priority for a child. Knowing a foreign language perfectly, we can get much more information from different sources.

Even computer programs are written in English. What is usually taught in English?

you need to learn the alphabet. When a child knows the letters, she is guided by what the teacher says;

you need to study the main grammar of the language. English grammar is exactly how this language is constructed. This language consists of morphology, tenses and more;

you need to study the table of irregular verbs, there are not many of them. To better remember these words, they should be used in conversation or during the teacher's symbolic synectics;

you need to teach idioms and phraseology. There are many of them in English. Knowing them, you will be able to diversify your pronunciation, make it more saturated. A person who knows idioms and phrases arouses admiration and respect in other interlocutors [11, p. 81-83]

Mostly children play in lessons: they buy something, sell something, travel somewhere. This makes it easier for them to learn the program material. The child not only speaks English in kindergarten, but also talks at home about what they have learned.

Educators make sure that children have fun in the lessons. They are trying to diversify the tasks so that children can easily learn English together with the method of synectics.

One of the most effective methods of theory is a method of synectics, the reflection of the real world with completely different symbols. A symbol is a sign that denotes a concept or quantity. People have created a lot of characters. The difficulty is how to remember them and know their meaning. There are many symbols in the modern world. People try to remember them as much as possible. Symbols help us understand meanings without writing too many words.

Thanks to this technology, children develop a good imagination. By learning all this in a foreign language, children will be better able to know this language, and in the future, to study in depth. The method helps children to think outside the box.

In order to improve children's English, you need to follow these ways:

• speak in English;

• watch videos;

• listen and read in a foreign language;

• think in English.

In this way, children will be able to improve their English, memorize new words and their meanings better. Memorizing words and symbols in a foreign language in preschool period when a teacher uses the method of synectics will help children better understand and implement the task set before them by the teacher.

Mastering simple techniques of memorizing, fantasizing, inventing stories promotes creative work. Focusing on the development of children's imagination, learning to identify and resolve external contradictions, see the world in the relationship of its components, find the necessary reserves to solve creative problems - this is one of the methods of theory used by preschool teachers in the process of educational work with children. The founder of this technology is considered to be the engineer and science fiction writer G. Altshuller, who introduced the theory first in the work of schools and then preschools [3, p. 105].

Research shows that this technique and its differences from other technologies are that it is not outdated. G. Altshuller defines the theory of solving inventive problems - as a technology that aims to form strong thinking in children, education of creative personality, prepared to solve complex non-standard problems in various fields of human activity [1, p. 16-20].

With the help of this technology, children develop qualitatively. With the use of English, a foreign language becomes their mother tongue.

The researcher proposes the following main tasks of his methodology: "the theory of solving inventive problems turns the development of new technological ideas into exact science, solving inventive problems (instead of searching" by touch ") involves a system of logical operations." The theory of solving inventive problems creates a principle that will help find a way out of any situation, and the realization of creative abilities is based on the use of different methods of creative thinking [3, p. 108-115].

According to the right remark of V. Bogat, work with theory in kindergarten involves five stages and is determined by such successive tasks:

Tasks of the 1st stage:

1) teach the child to resolve contradictions;

2) teach through a systems approach;

3) form the ability to use environmental resources.

Tasks of the 2nd stage:

1) teach preschoolers to create something new;

2) learn to give one the qualities of others and vice versa;

3) discard the unnecessary;

4) find the best options.

Tasks of the 3rd stage:

1) invent fairy tales.

Tasks of the 4th stage:

1) use non-standard solutions;

2) learn to find a way out of a life situation, whatever it may be.

Tasks of the 5th stage:

1) communicate on a historical topic [4, p. 18].

The formation of the child's speech today is a problem for children to learn some speech norms, which is why, using the theory of inventive problems in fairy tales and games, the teacher offers the child to choose the material, topic, activity. Thanks to this technique, children learn to think easier and better, to draw conclusions, to express their own opinions.

The method of synectics also has the use of four techniques, which, in turn, are based on the following analogies:

1) straight - by structure, shape, color, function, condition, properties, method of garlands and associations;

2) personal - aware through the image, to be able to see yourself from the side;

3) symbolic - takes the form of some method of finding the name, characterizes in paradoxical form a concept;

4) fantastic - tasks are performed by fantastic means.

Developing and combining different types of direct analogy, G. Bush proposed the so-called method of garlands and associations. When using the garland method, you can find out what the children liked. They talk well about their feelings and impressions in English. An amazing analogy suggests not using stereotypes, to follow a completely unknown path. It can turn any event into a fairy tale. Unfortunately, everyone's activities cannot take place without the use of symbols and signs [5, p. 52-55].

The main uniqueness of man is the ability to work with symbols. Three steps are developed in cognitive activity. It is symbolic, effective and figurative. Until adulthood, a person will depend on effective and visual representations of the environment; if in cooperation with preschoolers do not use games and exercises to develop ideas with certain symbols. On this basis, simple activity also develops a person's symbolic activity.

From birth, man has the property of symbolization. Therefore, acquaintance with symbols, signs should correspond to this age of the child. To avoid problems in the future with symbols and translation from Ukrainian into English, they should also be memorized in a foreign language. Use of synectics:

> help to increase the vocabulary;

> help to form the speech of a child;

> help to overcome fear and insecurity.

Familiarity with the symbols should begin from the first days when the child was brought to kindergarten. Pupils are first marked with a sign of one or more real images, you need to highlight the most important of them, as well as memorize the meaning in English. Guessing riddles, observing living and non-living objects, using life experiences, conducting conversations, children with the help of an educator discover important features of objects and mark them with symbols. This is how a set of symbols is created.

An "alphabet symbol" can also be compiled - a set of symbols that are understandable to both the child and the teacher; both native and foreign languages. The teacher can ask the child to learn the poem in English with the help of symbolic synectics. Algorithm of work:

1) the teacher must clearly read the poem;

2) vocabulary work;

3) consideration of schemes to the poem;

4) reading the poem by the teacher for the second time;

5) reproduction of the poem with the help of schemes;

6) reading the poem by the teacher with pauses so that the children could insert the missing words.

The educator can ask the children to compose a sentence using graphic synectics. Pupils listen to a fairy tale from the tutor, and then can retell it with the help of graphic synectics. The teacher can also ask the children to write stories using symbols. You can work with children on riddles in English with the help of symbols. Children can also learn letters through symbolic synectics.

Conclusions and prospects for further researches

Summarizing the above, with the help of the theory of solving inventive problems of preschool children is the full development of personality, develops imagination and imagination, reveals the abilities of the child. Learning English at this age will help you to communicate fluently in the international language in the future. Using various foreign fairy tales, games, children learn to analyze a given situation and find non-standard ways to solve it. The technology of theory helps to reduce the same thinking, teaches to use unusual techniques. Further studies we see in the future analysis of the practical application of this technology.

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