The use of smart-complexes in training of future tourist industry specialists
The development and use of SMART-complexes in the training of future specialists in the tourism industry. Its compliance with the Standard of Vocational Education. The structure of the SMART complex, the characteristic features of individual modules.
| Рубрика | Педагогика |
| Вид | статья |
| Язык | английский |
| Дата добавления | 15.02.2023 |
| Размер файла | 947,5 K |
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The national defense university of Ukraine
Bila Tserkva institute of continuous professional education
The use of smart-complexes in training of future tourist industry specialists
V.V. Yahupov,
doctor of sciences (pedagogy), professor
S.V. Maslich,
candidate of pedagogical sciences (Phd in pedagogy)
T.P. Shchypska,
senior lecturer
Abstract
The article analyzes the impact of information technology on the development of education. It is noted that the issues of informatization and digitalization of education are one of the key in the state policy of Ukraine. The main aspects of the transformation of educational services are emphasized, it is noted that education based on SMART-technologies is a global trend in the organization of the educational process. The existence of existing problems in the formation of a modern information and educational environment, the creation of electronic learning tools, the development of SMART - complexes. It is noted that these issues are especially relevant for Vocational Education.
The experience of development and use of SMART-complexes in the training of future specialists in the tourism industry is described. The compliance of the developed SMART-complex with the Standard of Vocational Eeducation 4221.N.79.00-2017 in the profession «Agent for the organization of tourism» was traced. The structure of the SMART-complex is described in detail, the characteristic features of separate modules are allocated and described: «Information data processing in the tourist branch», «Organization of tourist activity», «Organization of transport transportations». It is indicated that these modules, in addition to the block of theoretical material, contain blocks of laboratory (practical) work, blocks of test tasks, glossaries, presentations. The expediency of using the developed SMART-complex during the organization of the educational process by distance learning and in blended learning is proved. The effectiveness of the use of this complex in the educational process of Vinnytsia High Vocational School of Public Service is determined, namely: data on the growth of high and sufficient level of knowledge of students in vocational and theoretical and vocational training, emphasis on high percentage of information, emphasis is placed on the dynamics of motivating students to learn, the development of cognitive interest.
Key words: Vocational Education, Vocational Education Institution, tourism organization agent, SMART-complex, digital technologies, quality of education.
Main part
Introduction of the issue. Modern society is characterized by a significant impact of information technology on all spheres of life. To date, there is virtually no industry that is not affected by the process of informatization, digitalization or, as it is now called - digitalization. Education is no exception. The introduction of information and communication and digital technologies in the educational process has become a trend of recent decades - this is noted in a number of legal documents, namely: Laws of Ukraine «On Education» (2017), «On the National Informatization Program» (1998), «On Information» (1992), the National Doctrine of Education Development (2002), the National Strategy for Education
Development in Ukraine until 2021 (2013), Strategies for the development of the information society in Ukraine (2013), etc. Obviously, this issue is still relevant, on the contrary, the process of digitization is becoming more dynamic. Recently, the concepts of «digital transformation», «digital economy», «digital agent», «digital space», «digital education», etc. have become widely used in Ukraine.
It is known that the quality of the educational process depends on many factors, among which the choice of forms and methods of organizing students' learning activities plays an important role. We have already emphasized that modern education, as well as society as a whole, is significantly affected by information technology. The Concept of Development of the Digital Economy and Society of Ukraine for 2018-2020 states that the use of digital technologies in educational institutions should be cross-platform. The document outlines the main advantages of using information and communication and digital technologies in the educational process: its intensification, improving the level and quality of perception, understanding and assimilation of knowledge [1]. At the same time, the Digital Agent of Ukraine project states the need to develop a sound national policy of «digitalization» of education as a priority component of education reform in general [2].
Reform in education is impossible without the transformation of educational technologies, the consistent transition from traditional to e-learning, the introduction of SMART-technologies. Education based on SMART - technologies is considered as a global trend in the organization of the educational process. For domestic pedagogical science, the concept of SMART-learning is quite new, and therefore requires the study and development of a mechanism for effective application.
Current state of the issue. The introduction of information technology in the educational process is the subject of research by many scientists. This is evidenced by the works of V. Bykov, O. Burov, A. Gurzhiy, M. Zhaldak, L. Kartashova, M. Kozyar, V. Kremen, V. Lapinsky, V. Lugovoy, O. Spirin and others. According to the analysis of scientific works, despite the fact that the informatization and digitalization of education in the country is given much attention, many issues in this aspect remain unresolved and need to be refined. Thus, V. Bykov, highlighting the problem of digital transformation of society and the development of computer technology platform of education and science of Ukraine, points to the need for modern information and educational environment, pedagogically sound design and use of computer-based teaching methods. The scientist emphasizes that the share of educational literature submitted in electronic form must grow steadily [3]. Despite the fact that the number of digital tools is constantly growing [4] and the possibility of their use is progressing [5], modern education requires the development of an integrated intellectual environment with free access to databases and knowledge, electronic libraries, textbooks (manuals), teaching aids, ie SMART-environment, which was especially evident during the quarantine period during the organization of the educational process by distance learning [6-9]. During this period, social networks and messengers (49% of all users), Google Classroom (47.2%), Zoom (38.6%), You Tube (35.2%) were actively used during training sessions [10]. However, surveys, analysis of web resources for distance learning and the results of pedagogical and research and teaching staff during quarantine do not reflect the trend of using electronic textbooks, manuals, SMART-complexes that would optimize the process of learning, indicating a low level of their implementation.
Issues of using educational literature submitted in electronic form are also problematic for Vocational Education Institutions (VET). Thus, our analysis of the sites of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Institute for Modernization of the content of education, the portal of the content library of the Institute of Vocational Education of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine showed the following:
- first, the number of electronic textbooks and online resources with teaching materials for students of Vocational Education Institutions is insignificant and covers a small number of professions;
- secondly, most textbooks are presented in.pdf formats, which narrows the range of their use.
These arguments show the existence of existing problems in creating an integrated environment of information and educational resources, including SMART-environment. The concept of development and use of such an environment is covered in the scientific work of O. Humenny, R. Gurevich, L. Kademia, V. Kobisa, A. Kononenko, M. Morse, V. Tikhomirov and others. However, the number of theoretical and practical developments in this area is quite small, so the issues of development and implementation of SMART-environment and its elements are urgent and do not lose their relevance.
Aim of research is to analyze the experience of development and use of SMART-complexes in the training of future specialists in the tourism industry.
Results and discussion. The main value of society and at the same time the resource of the production system is man. Human resources occupy a significant place in the dynamics of economic development of the state. It is well known that the level of the country's economy largely depends on the qualifications of personnel working in relevant industries. In turn, the qualifications of employees are closely related to the quality of educational services. Vocational education is an important part of the entire education system. The role of workers in the structure of human resources is indisputable. Recently, a campaign has been launched in Ukraine to promote Vocational Education. This is due to the existing imbalance in the number of graduates of higher and Vocational Education Institutions and the shortage of workers in the domestic labor market. Among the planned activities are the preparation of future skilled workers for the needs of regional labor markets, improving the quality of Vocational Education through the introduction of practice-oriented content of curricula and the introduction of innovative educational technologies.
If we talk about the compliance of professional training of workers to the needs of regional labor markets, it should be noted that significant demand among employers are specialists in the market of tourist services. Tourism is a promising sector of the domestic economy, as evidenced by data from the World Tourism Organization [11]. Among the professions in demand in the market of tourist services are agents for the organization of tourism, whose training takes place in Vocational Education Institutions. Undoubtedly, the development of the tourism industry, as well as other sectors of the economy, largely depends on the level of professional training of its specialists. The professional activity of future agents in the organization of tourism is associated with the processing of large amounts of information, work with Internet resources, the ability to work with reservation systems, reservations, document automation, hotel management. We can say that a specialist in the market of tourist services is a person of the information society with developed research skills and communication skills. Obviously,
traditional teaching methods in the training of such specialists will be ineffective, and the use of digital technologies in the educational process becomes a necessary condition for improving the quality of knowledge, enhancing cognitive activity and the formation of key competencies of students [12].
The fundamental technology of the modern educational process is e - learning with its evolutionary variant - SMART-learning. If e-learning involves the use of computers in the process of learning and developing skills [13-15], the main goal of SMART-learning is to create «an environment that provides a high level of competitive professionals through the development of students' knowledge and skills of modern society of the XXI century: cooperation and communication; social responsibility; ability to think critically; prompt and high-quality problem solving» [16: 38]. Note that these skills are soft skills, they are not related to a specific area of professional activity, but are important for interpersonal communication, teamwork and professional self - realization [17]. These factors reflect the specifics of the work of future agents for the organization of tourism.
Given the topic of our study, we consider it necessary to dwell on another concept related to SMART - learning, namely the concept of «SMART - complex» (or «SMART-complex of the discipline»). There is no single definition of this concept today. Among all the existing definitions we will use the following, SMART-complex is:
? «information-dynamic system of educational and methodological direction, which encourages the development of professional knowledge and activation of the educational process, has a positive effect on mental abilities and education of personal qualities» [18: 8];
? «complex information structured system of electronic educational resource of integrative information-educational environment of educational and methodical purpose to ensure a continuous, complete didactic cycle of the learning process, built on flexible digital technologies to form an individual educational trajectory of the student» [19: 48];
? a new type of electronic textbook with features encoded in the abbreviation SMART [20].
The SMART-complex presented by us is an information-dynamic system that encourages the acquisition of training modules and the formation of professional competencies of students in accordance with the Standard of Vocational Education 4221.N.79.00 - 2017 in the profession «Agent on the organization of tourism». Is an open educational resource with free access to individual modules of the curriculum, built on the use of flexible digital technologies.
? Note that the standard of professional education for the training of future agents in the organization of tourism provides for the study of 2 modules: «Tourism Market Monitoring» and «Formation of a travel package for travel» and, as a result, the formation of graduates in this area:
? use of regulatory framework for regulating tourism activities;
? study of the tourist market;
? development of routes, calculations of the tourist enterprise;
? conducting an advertising campaign;
? formation of a tourist package.
Professional competencies of future tourism agents are closely related to general professional (mastering the basics of legal knowledge in professional activities, basics of industry economics and entrepreneurship, basics of information technology in professional activities, basics of business foreign language, etc.), as well as key we have emphasized above (efficiency in making the right decisions in emergency situations, ability to work in a team, etc.) [21].
SMART-complex has been tested and implemented in the educational process of Vinnytsia High Vocational School of Public Service. In general, Vinnytsia region has a strong tourist potential, and hence the need of the regional labor market for specialists in the hospitality industry. However, the number of educational institutions that train these specialists is limited. At the same time, the institutions where such training takes place feel the urgent need for electronic resources in the subjects of professional and theoretical training. It should be noted that the need for electronic teaching aids for Vocational Education Institutions has increased due to the need to introduce distance learning and blended learning technologies (quarantine restrictions, martial law). The use of this SMART - complex enabled high-quality presentation of educational material in special disciplines and industrial training, its visualization, as well as obtaining a comprehensive assessment of the assimilation of material by students. The positive results of the approbation are confirmed by the positive feedback of employers - heads of leading travel agencies in Vinnytsia.
The structure of the SMART-complex includes training modules in the main disciplines of professional-theoretical and professional-practical training in the following subjects:
- industrial training;
- organization of the tourism industry;
- tourist local lore;
- organization of transportation;
- information data processing in tourism;
- business foreign language.
At the same time, the content of the developed complex meets the following requirements:
- educational material is systematized;
- tables, figures, diagrams and graphs illustrate the textual material;
- thanks to the convenient navigation system, a quick search of all elements of educational material is permissible;
- possible independent work with theoretical material;
- there are different types of knowledge control: input, current, intermediate, output.
Consider the individual modules of the developed product.
We have already emphasized that future tourism agents must have the skills to process information and work with web resources. To this end, the SMART-complex created a module «Information data processing in the tourism industry», which presents training material on «Booking and reservation systems», «Management information systems», «Information technology in hotel management systems». This module is divided into theoretical and practical blocks, in addition, contains a block of control of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for the development of independence and creative thinking.
The structure of the module is organized in such a way that its users have access to the relevant files with the curriculum and study program in the discipline «Information processing in the field of tourism». The material is divided into separate blocks for the study of software and online resources used in the market of travel services. These are international booking systems «Amadeus», «Galileo», «Saber», «Worldspan», programs and electronic resources of tour operators «Join UP!», «IT-tour», «TourSearch», hotel booking platforms «Booking», «Hotelmix», «Hotels» (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Scheme-content of the module «Information data processing in the tourism industry»
Topics are linked via hyperlinks. Access to relevant topics is through the content, which is presented in a hierarchical structure (Fig. 2).
When studying the material there are 2 possible options for working with SMART-complex:
1) offline, ie without access to the Internet in this case, the SMART-complex must first be saved on the appropriate digital device: computer, laptop, smartphone, etc.;
2) online - with access via the Internet (when the SMART-complex is placed on the site or blog of the teacher or the distance education platform).
Fig. 2. Content
Each topic of the SMART-complex contains theoretical material, equipped with tables, drawings, presentations, which should be used for both individual and joint viewing with students in the classroom.
In addition to the theoretical part, SMART-complex contains a block of laboratory workshops. Theoretical information has been developed for laboratory works, the course of work with the corresponding tasks is given, control questions are offered for consolidation of the studied material (fig. 3).
Fig. 3. Block of laboratory workshop
Electronic tests have been developed on all topics, with the help of which it is possible to control and check the quality of mastering the material. Each test involves an electronic assessment. The test system is convenient to use both individually for each student and collectively for the entire audience.
Module «Organization of tourist activity»
The next module of the developed SMART-complex is the module «Organization of tourist activity». The content of this module covers the development of lessons on relevant topics and test tasks.
For example, topic 1. «Tourism and prospects for its development in the world and in Ukraine» presents lesson plans: «History of tourism, content and basic concepts», «Types, goals and objectives of international tourism organizations», «Entrepreneurship and tourism» etc. (Fig. 4).
According to the content, students can view lesson materials, test themselves on test questions, do homework. Checking the degree of mastering the theoretical material is realized with the help of tests and tasks for self-solution.
Module «Organization of transport transportation»
The purpose of the subject «Organization of transportation» is based on 3 components:
1) determining the role of transport services in the tourism industry;
2) study of organizational and technological features of tourist travel by different modes of transport;
3) formation of skills in the development of transport tours for different modes of transport and different categories of tourists.
specialist tourist education technical
Fig. 4. Structure of the module «Organization of tourist activity»
These goals are successfully implemented through a module on the organization of transportation, the structure of which is as follows:
1. Teachers and students are offered a curriculum and thematic lesson plan on the subject of «Organization of transportation».
2. «Theoretical materials» contain reference notes on the organization of transportation, designed for independent work of students, systematization and consolidation of knowledge in this subject. Theoretical material in the reference abstracts is presented in the form of diagrams, figures and tables, includes guidelines, a minimum lexicon, a list of recommended reading for each topic.
1. The section «Practical work» presents practical tasks in accordance with the proposed options and examples of their implementation.
2. The section «Tests» is used to test students' knowledge. The task is based on the levels of student achievement.
3. In the «Test Tasks» students are asked to electronically choose the correct answer.
4. «List of main issues» contains the main issues of the course «Organization of transportation».
5. The «Presentations» section contains multimedia materials on each topic, saved in the format.ppsx.
6. «Glossary» explains the main terms of tourist transportation (Fig. 5).
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Fig.5. Structure of the module on «Organization of transport transportation»
Conclusions and research perspectives. Our research suggests that the use of digital technologies in the educational process of Vocational Education Institutions leads to improved quality of training of future skilled workers. E - learning is becoming an inevitable need of today, and SMART-learning is an effective resource for blended and distance learning technology.
Conclusions and research perspectives. The introduction of SMART - complex in the profession of «Agent for the organization of tourism» has a positive effect on the quality of learning material, motivates students to learn, promotes the development of the cognitive process.
The result of the implementation of this complex in the Vinnytsia High Vocational School of Public Service is:
- implementation of the degree system of education, introduction of completed meaningful modules of education at certain qualification levels, which allows to respond quickly to the needs of the labor market, adapt to the requirements of employers and solve problems of continuity and continuity of education;
- high level of training of skilled workers in this field (including a high and sufficient level of knowledge of students in the subjects of professional and theoretical training for 2020-2021 academic year is 71.4%);
- high percentage of information assimilation (according to the results of monitoring the memorization of material when using SMART-complex, compared to traditional teaching methods, increased from 64% to 89%).
In further research we consider it appropriate to pay attention to the development of SMART-learning platform for Vocational Education Institutions.
References (translated & transliterated)
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