Training of the national security masters: English for specific purposes

Размещено на http://www.allbest.ru/

Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine

Training of the national security masters: English for specific purposes

Natalia Kalyniuk

docent of foreign languages department

Olha Lemeshko

PhD in Pedagogics

docent deputy head of foreign languages department

Abstract

The article deals with the peculiarities of educational program of the second (master's) level of higher education in specialty 256 “National security (by certain activities and areas of security)” and working curriculum “English for Specific Purposes”. The structure of educational program and working curriculum was investigated. The purpose of the educational program is to ensure the training of highly qualified masters of national security of strategic level of higher military education, able to effectively manage the activities of the central executive body and its territorial bodies, to implement state policy in border activities (security of Ukraine's state border and protection of Ukraine's sovereign rights) in its exclusive (maritime) economic zone).

Issues of the further training, teaching and training, assessment, program competences (integral competence, general competencies and professional competencies), program learning outcomes, the list of the education program components (mandatory and selective) were studied.

We investigated the working curriculum “English for Specific Purposes” that lasts 2 years based on the first (Bachelor's) level of higher education. The main task of the academic discipline is to prepare students for foreign language communication in English in the field of cross-border activities. Within the scope of the course, specialist training is carried out by imparting knowledge, developing skills and forming practical skills necessary for the performance of duties in operational-strategic level positions. Upon the completion of educational program officers take complex operational-strategic task and exam. The complex operational-strategic task is aimed at learning of the main terms used in the design of graphic documents in the armies of the NATO countries.

The task of exam is to determine the level of mastering the students of foreign language communicative competence, as well as skills of translating texts on professional topics; to determine the level of knowledge of lexical material, the formation of skills and development of students' skills in the scope of the curriculum; to obtain information to optimize the educational work of the students and to improve the methodology of training. The discipline knowledge is examined in the form of a test task and a written translation of the text of professional orientation.

Key words: educational program; border guards; foreign language training; Master of National Security.

Калинюк Н., Лемешко О.

Підготовка магістрів національної безпеки: англійська мова для спеціальних потреб

Анотація

educational program higher education

У статті розглянуто особливості освітньої програми другого (магістерського) рівня вищої освіти за спеціальністю 256 “Національна безпека (за окремими видами діяльності та сферами безпеки)” та робочої програми навчальної дисципліни “Англійська мова для спеціальних потреб”. Досліджено структуру освітньої програми та робочої програми навчальної дисципліни. Метою освітньої програми є забезпечення підготовки висококваліфікованих магістрів національної безпеки стратегічного рівня вищої військової освіти, здатних ефективно керувати діяльністю центрального органу виконавчої влади та його територіальних органів, реалізовувати державну політику у прикордонній діяльності (охорона державного кордону України та захист суверенних прав України) у її виключній (морській) економічній зоні).

Розглянуто питання підвищення кваліфікації, викладання та навчання, оцінювання, програмні компетентності (інтегральна компетентність, загальні компетентності та професійні компетентності), програмні результати навчання, перелік компонентів освітньої програми (обов'язкові та вибіркові).

Досліджено робочу програму навчальної дисципліни “Англійська мова для спеціальних потреб”, яка розрахована на 2 роки навчання на основі першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти. Основним завданням навчальної дисципліни є підготовка слухачів до іншомовного спілкування англійською мовою у сфері транскордонної діяльності. У рамках курсу здійснюється підготовка фахівців шляхом передавання знань, формування вмінь та практичних навичок, необхідних для виконання обов'язків на посадах оперативно- стратегічного рівня.

Після опанування навчальної дисципліни офіцери складають комплексну оперативно-стратегічну задачу, та іспит. Комплексна оперативно-стратегічна задача спрямована на вивчення переклад і пояснення основних термінів, які використовуються для оформлення графічних документів в арміях країн НАТО.

Завдання іспиту - визначити рівень володіння слухачами іншомовною комунікативною компетенцією, а також навичками перекладу текстів професійної тематики; визначити рівень володіння лексичним матеріалом, сформованість умінь та розвиток навичок слухачів в обсязі навчальної програми; отримати інформацію для оптимізації навчальної роботи слухачів та вдосконалення методики навчання. Перевірка знань з дисципліни здійснюється у формі тестового завдання та письмового переказу тексту професійного спрямування.

Ключові слова: освітня програма; прикордонники; іншомовна підготовка; магістр національної безпеки.

Introduction

The problem statement. Professional training of border guards is closely connected with Ukraine's national development, its stability and economic prosperity. Due to emerging security threats, the training of future border guards in Ukraine has recently undergone radical changes including the reconsideration of professional competence. Professional competence of border guards is the desired result of their training. The content of professional training for border guards is therefore an important aspect. Changes in the tasks facing the border agency has caused significant rethinking of training content for border guards, resulting in new subjects, sections, modules and topics [3].

Professional training is interpreted as a process of transfer of specialized knowledge and skills as well as qualities, experience, and rules of conduct necessary for efficient profession activity. Professional training is conducted at a higher or special educational establishment during advanced training courses or apprenticeships at border guard organs. Professional training is based on the analysis of professional competence of border guards formed during the educational process at the higher military educational establishment. It is clear that it requires the implementation of new techniques and technologies, tasks and content review to overcome existing drawbacks in the system of professional training [3].

Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (NASBGSU) provides training of border guards on different degrees (Bachelor, Master, Doctor of Philosophy) and on various specialties. According to the educational program of the second (master's) level of higher education in specialty 256 “National security (by certain activities and areas of security)” NASBGSU provides training of border guards on professional qualification - Strategic level officer of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS) with the aim to ensure the training of highly qualified masters of national security of strategic level of higher military education.

Analysis of recent studies and publications. Many national researchers and scientists investigated the problem of professional training of specialists, such as A. Alioshina [1], N. Bhinder [3], N. Biryukova, S. Yakovleva, T. Kolesova, L. Lezhnina & A. Kuragina [4], O. Lemeshko, V. Lemeshko, N. Kalyniuk, O. Trembovetskyi [8], A. Yankovets, I. Bets, I. Isaieva [9], I. Rymanova [10], as well as foreign scientists - W. Baker [2], E. Cline [5], H. Ctibor & S. Grofcikova [6], M. Dichaba & M. Mokhele [7].

Despite the numerous researches on this problem, practical training of future border guards and improvement of foreign communication is still topical.

The purpose of research is to characterise peculiarities and aim of the educational program of the second (master's) level of higher education in specialty 256 “National security (by certain activities and areas of security)” and Working Curriculum “English for specific purposes”.

Methodology of research

According to the educational program of the second (master's) level of higher education in specialty 256 “National security (by certain activities and areas of security)” NASBGSU provides training of border guards on professional qualification - Strategic level officer of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS).

The purpose of the educational program is to ensure the training of highly qualified masters of national security of strategic level of higher military education, able to effectively manage the activities of the central executive body and its territorial bodies, to implement state policy in border activities (security of Ukraine's state border and protection of Ukraine's sovereign rights) in its exclusive (maritime) economic zone).

The subject area of the educational program is national security as the protection of state sovereignty, territorial integrity, democratic constitutional order and other national interests of Ukraine from real and potential threats. The object of study of the educational program is the sphere of border activity as a component of national security. Theoretical content of the subject area is: paradigms, concepts, and national security strategies, theories of armed struggle, law enforcement activity and research methodology.

A peculiarity of the educational program is the training of applicants for higher education who already have a master's degree (or education level of specialist) and the operational level of higher military education.

Graduates can be employed in such positions according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine and the Order of the Administration of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGSU): Head of the SBGSU, Deputy (First Deputy) Head of the SBGS (of all titles), Director (Head) of the Department (of all titles), Deputy (first deputy) director (head) of the department (of all titles), Head of Department (of all titles), Deputy Head of Department (of all titles), Head of the regional department, Deputy (first deputy) head of the Regional Directorate (of all titles), Rector of the NASBGSU, Deputy (first deputy) rector of the NASBGSU (of all titles), Head of the Major General Igor Momot Main Personnel Training Centre of the SBGSU, Deputy (first deputy) chief of the Major General Igor Momot Main Personnel Training Centre of the SBGSU (of all titles), Positions of scientific-pedagogical and managerial staff of the faculty of staff management training of the NASBGSU.

Further training is the third (educational-scientific) level of higher education in the specialty 256 National security or related specialties in the field of knowledge 25 Military sciences, national security, and state border security - obtaining the educational qualification of Doctor of Philosophy.

Teaching and training are based on lifelong learning, student-cantered, problem-oriented and subject-subject learning, self-learning, research-based learning, practical training, consulting, and learning using modern information technology systems.

Assessment is made by forms of control: oral and written questioning, tests (including computer testing), results presentation of practical in-service training (practice), reports for individual tasks, modular tests, credits, differentiated credits, examinations, certification (qualification work defence).

Assessment of educational achievements is carried out as:

current control - according to the four-point scale (“excellent”, “good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”), verbal scale (“credited”, “not credited”);

the final control - according to the four-point scale (“excellent”, “good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”), ECTS scale (“A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, “E”, “FX”, “F”); 100-point scale; verbal scale (“credited”, “not credited”).

Program competences are divided into Integral competence, General competencies and Professional competencies.

Integral competence is ability to solve complex problems and problems in the field of national security (border guarding), which involves research and / or innovation and is characterized by uncertain conditions and requirements.

General competencies are ability to critical and systematic thinking, analysis and synthesis in conditions of change; ability to make reasonable decisions; ability to communicate in a foreign language; ability to learn and master modern knowledge, ability to conduct research at the appropriate level; ability to use modern information and communication technologies; ability to interact with representatives of other government agencies and public organizations; appreciation and respect for multiculturalism, equal opportunities and gender; ability to work in an international context in the field of border activities and ability to manage projects.

Professional competencies include ability to carry out professional activities in the field of state border security; ability to analyse, assess and predict the current state and trends of the security environment, international relations and international security issues, their impact on border and national security; ability to use the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the theory of national security; to analyse and develop the structure of the system of national security and the principles of its functioning; ability to organize purposeful activities for the formation and implementation of state policy in the fields of national security and defence, organization and participation in strategic planning of the SBGSU; ability to organize measures of territorial defence, mobilization training and mobilization at the strategic level of the SBGSU; ability to integrate knowledge and solve complex state border security challenges in broad and/or multidisciplinary contexts with incomplete or limited information; ability to generalize the practice of applying legislation on issues within the competence of the SBGSU and other components of the security and defence sector of Ukraine, to develop proposals aimed at its improvement; ability to develop and implement the principles of legal design to ensure the inviolability of the state border and protection of sovereign rights of Ukraine in its adjacent zone and exclusive (maritime) economic zone, working out and development of international legal mechanisms for border security, regulations and draft international treaties on border issues; ability to manage the activities and functioning of the central executive body, its territorial bodies and structural units, the Marine Guard and state border protection bodies in everyday conditions, during the aggravation of the military-political situation, in the conditions of martial law and the participation of border guards in defence in order to protect the sovereignty of Ukraine and its territorial integrity, to maintain cooperation with the security and defence sector of Ukraine; ability to organize the activities of border guards of Ukraine on issues related to maintaining the state border of Ukraine, implementation of international agreements, creating conditions for peaceful resolution of border conflicts and incidents at the state border; ability to organize information and analytical activities and risk assessment in the interests of protecting the state border of Ukraine; ability to organize intelligence, counterintelligence and operational and investigative activities; ability to organize the preparation of the SBGSU to perform tasks in accordance with the legislatively defined functions; ability to formulate personnel policy and carry out personnel management; ability to strategically manage the financing and resources of the SBGSU; ability to competently communicate with the subjects of national security, to perform coordination functions, to establish strategic communications on issues within the competence of the SBGSU; ability to organize counteraction to corruption and crimes in the sphere of official activity of the personnel of the SBGSU; ability to ensure respect and observance of human and civil rights and freedoms in the performance of tasks related to the protection of the state border, legal and social protection of personnel; ability to organize, in cooperation with relevant law enforcement agencies, the cessation of any attempts to illegally change the state border line, armed conflicts and other provocations at the state border; ability to organize the acceptance-transfer of units (bodies) into operational subordination.

Program learning outcomes in specialty are to apply systematic analysis and synthesis to solve problems of national security; to apply domestic and foreign experience in ensuring national security, taking into account the theory of national security in the conduct of professional activities; to make reasonable decisions on border security in the national security system of the state, including in terms of risk, multi-criteria evaluation of results, incomplete or inconsistent information and requirements; to organize the work of the team during the development of important decisions and tasks assigned, to ensure the professional development of its members and achieve goals; to develop and implement innovative projects in the field of national security, taking into account legal, social, economic and ethical aspects; to communicate in state and foreign languages orally and in writing to discuss professional activities, research and innovation resuits, search and analysis of relevant information; to analyse and evaluate the potential impact of technology development on the current state of the security environment; to ensure compliance with the principle of gender equality in professional activities; to synthesize a range of measures and approaches that can be used to address global, European and regional security challenges; to form and implement elements (components) of the national security strategy of the state in the field of border security in state programs and plans for the development of security and defence forces; to apply general methodology, special methods and technologies to solve professional problems in the areas defined by law and in the areas of future activities; to apply specialized conceptual knowledge, which includes modern scientific achievements and is the basis for effective decision-making, research and critical thinking in the field of national security; to organize and manage territorial defence, mobilization training and mobilization within the limits of professional competence; to convey clearly and unambiguous one's own knowledge, conclusions and arguments on national security issues to specialists and non-specialists, in particular to students; to organize measures to implement state policy on border security in the national security system at the international, regional, national and local levels in different environmental conditions using new strategic approaches and modern management methods; to conduct research in the field of border and military security, identify problems, select relevant methods, put forward and test hypotheses, substantiate conclusions, present results; to develop and organize the working out of draft international agreements, regulations, programs, concepts, strategies, and proposals to them on issues within the competence of the SBGSU on the basis of legislative techniques, methodological analysis methodology and rules of the law-making process; to develop and organize the development of normative documents (on ensuring the inviolability of the state border and protection of sovereign rights of Ukraine in its adjacent zone and exclusive (maritime) economic zone), which relate to the management functions of the central executive body and territorial bodies implementing state protection policy state border; to manage border activities at the strategic and operational levels, using the methods of strategic planning, implementation of strategies, evaluation of their effectiveness; to understand the basics of the military strategy of using the Armed Forces of Ukraine, conducting operations to deter and repel armed aggression. To organize combat use of forces and means of the SBGSU as part of joint commands; to organize information and analytical activities, identify and predict risks from the impact of real and potential threats to border security, to justify measures to minimize them at the international, regional, national and local levels, using technology risk analysis and criminal analysis; to organize intelligence, counterintelligence and operational search activities; to organize the training of personnel, units and management bodies to perform the tasks assigned to them, to carry out activities in the system of operational training, preparation of reserves and advanced training of specialists; to manage organizational changes, formulate and implement personnel policy and personnel management, to plan and implement innovative projects in the field of border activities; to carry out strategic management of resources and financial support; to form and maintain effective cooperation with executive bodies, the public, state and non-state institutions, military formations and law enforcement agencies in the interests of state border protection, using modern technologies (information, communication, conflict management, etc.); to coordinate the activities of the competent state bodies for the protection of the state border, the implementation of various types of control, ensuring the state border regime and the border regime; to organize counteraction to corruption acts and crimes in the sphere of official activity of the personnel of the SBGSU; to ensure respect and observance of human and civil rights and freedoms in the performance of tasks related to the protection of the state border, legal and social protection of personnel.

The list of the education program components comprises mandatory educational components and selective educational components. Mandatory educational components are the following national security of Ukraine, activities of the SBGSU, fundamentals of Ukraine's defence, strategy and basics of strategic planning, intelligence and counterintelligence activities, operational and search activities, financing and ensuring the activities of the SBGSU, legal support of the security and defence sector, internship in assigned positions.

Selective educational components include foreign language, English for specific purposes, public administration in the field of border activities and defence, public administration in the field of national security, border security of Ukraine, information and analytical activities of the SBGSU, information technology in research, informational security, research methodology, information policy and information security, personnel policy in the field of border activities, change management and innovation implementation, scientific and applied problems of state border security, SBGSU training system, moral and psychological support in the SBGSU, special physical training.

On the base of Educational program, we have developed the Working Curriculum “English for Specific Purposes”. The term of study is 2 years based on the first (Bachelor's) level of higher education.

The main task of the academic discipline is to prepare students for foreign language communication in English in the field of cross-border activities. Within the scope of the course, specialist training is carried out by imparting knowledge, developing skills and forming practical skills necessary for the performance of duties in operational-strategic level positions. Students learn:

to develop and organize the working-out of international treaties drafts, laws of Ukraine, resolutions, programs, concepts, strategies, as well as proposals for them on issues that belong to the competence of the SBGSU on the basis of legislative techniques, systematic analysis methodology and rules of the law-making process;

to manage the processes of implementation of state policy in the sphere of state border protection at the international, regional, national and local levels, complying with the requirements of current legislation and taking into account national interests;

to manage international and national projects and programs implemented in the field of national security and integrated border management;

to be able to represent SBGSU at the international, regional and national levels, as well as present the results of its activities to the general public.

The content of discipline embodies such themes as “Conceptual principles of state policy in the field of national security and defence of the USA and EU member states” and “Military contingents of member countries of the United Nations”.

The “English for Specific Purposes” is selective type of discipline. It consists of 7 European Credits Transfer System. Educational activity is conducted at 210 hours: 84 hours of practical lessons, 2 hours for complex operative-strategic work, 60 hours - individual work, 60 hours - self-guided work, 4 hours - exam.

There are different lessons at theme “Conceptual principles of state policy in the field of national security and defence of the USA and EU member states”: “Service abroad”, “Work with officers and non-commissioned officers”, “Orientation on the terrain”, “Management concept”, “Service trips abroad”, “UN standards”, “Code of leadership in the army”, “Army traditions”, “Enlistees and professionals”, “Leadership styles”, “International coalition: participation in exercises”, “Manager: to be, to know, to do”, “Humanitarian aid”, “Military units”, “Subordination”, “Operational management meeting”, “The European mechanism for bringing the level of border security in line with the challenges and threats of the modern world”, “Cooperation between non-governmental organizations and the military”, “Risk analysis”, “Providing assistance in cases of natural disasters”, “Historical experience of management”, “Notable figures in the history of wars”, “Strategy of leadership during war”, “Functioning of integrated border management at the national level”, “Rules of conduct of battle”, “Leader - advisor”, “Tactical tasks”, “Attributes of a leader”, “Military history: analysis and perspectives”, “Moral satisfaction from the completed task”, “Decision-making algorithm”, “Achieving collective excellence”, “Management meeting”, “Respect of subordinates”, “Personal courage”, “Working with translators”, “Discussion of problematic issues”, “Military service experience”, “Activity of checkpoints”, “Confirmation and clarification of information during an emergency landing”. Theme “Military contingents of member countries of the United Nations” includes such lessons: “Instructions for officers”, “Engineering equipment”, “Tasks for the United Peacekeeping Contingent”, “Training of actions in a dangerous environment”, “Protection of military information”, “Volunteer work in international missions”, “Cooperation of the military and representatives of the media industry”, “Artillery tasks”, “Briefing of the central command”, “Living in a camp for training in combat operations”, “North Atlantic treaty organization”, “Laws of armed conflict”, “Working groups”, “Organization of a working meeting”, “Confirmation and clarification of information during an emergency landing”, “Software for the maintenance of a transport vehicle”, “Organization of a conference”, “Special air force service”, “Selection for service”, “Women in the army”, “Department of special operations forces “Delta””, “Multinational coalition”, “Application of capability management theory to officers”, “Combat composition and deployment of troops”, “Cultural habits and traditions”, “Ways of war”, “Operation plan”.

During the lesson we use foreign language training exercises, such as filling in the gaps, multiple choice, rearranging, and also tasks that require a certain amount of knowledge from officers' future activities: interview, role game, briefing etc. A role-playing game requires a special organization, where it is necessary to take into account the following methodological aspects: to give clear and unambitious instructions; to check that students know what they are going to do; to give timing for tasks and stick them; always give feedback on performance.

Upon the completion of educational program officers take complex operational-strategic task “The main terms used in the design of graphic documents in the armies of NATO countries” and exam. The complex operational-strategic task is aimed at learning of the main terms used in the design of graphic documents in the armies of the NATO countries, translation and explanation of the basic terms used in the design of graphic documents in the armies of the NATO countries.

The task of exam is to determine the level of mastering the students of foreign language communicative competence, as well as skills of translating texts on professional topics; to determine the level of knowledge of lexical material, the formation of skills and development of students' skills in the scope of the curriculum; to obtain information to optimize the educational work of the students and to improve the methodology of training. The discipline knowledge is examined in the form of a test task and a written translation of the text of professional orientation.

Conclusions and perspectives of further researches

It is extremely important to train border guards to perform service duties at border guard units at the State border properly, quickly and according to current legislation with observance of human rights and freedoms. The system of professional training of border guards in the SBGSU is definitely improving. Only understanding the main threats to the national security, the State border and Ukrainian people, we could improve the quality of training of border guards able to protect the sovereign rights of our country. Nevertheless, certain issues remain to be resolved in order to improve the efficiency of professional training of border guards.

Perspectives of further researches will be study of English for specific purposes peculiarities of border security and protection masters:

References

1. Alioshina A.B. (2016). Creative competence's development of foreign students during the speech improvement lessons, Literacy, 10(64), 169-171. [in English].

2. Baker W. (2010). Effects of Age and Experience on the Production of English Word-Final Stops by Korean Speakers. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13(03), 263-278. doi: 10.1017/S136672890999006X. [in English].

3. Bhinder N.V. (2019). Professional Training of Border Guards in Ukraine: Challenges and Opportunities Related to Emerging Security Threats. Educational Process: International Journal, 8(1), 72-84.4.

4. Biryukova N., Yakovleva S., Kolesova T., Lezhnina L. & Kuragina A. (2015). Understanding Adult Learners as a Core Principle of Effective ESL-Educators. Review of European Studies, Vol. 7, 8, 147-155. doi: 10.5539/res.v7n8p147 [in English].

5. Cline E.C. (1943). Education for Military and Civilian Competence. The School Review, 51(10), 587-593. [in English].

6. Ctibor, H., Grofcikova, S. (2016). Foreign Language Education of Seniors. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 4(1), 158-179. doi: 10.1515/jolace-2016-0009 [in English].

7. Dichaba M.M., & Mokhele M.L. (2012). Does the Cascade Model Work for Teacher Training? Analysis of Teachers' Experiences. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(3), 249-254. [in English].

8. Lemeshko O.V., Lemeshko V.V., Kalyniuk N.V., Trembovetskyi O. (2021). Development of the National Security Masters' communicative language ability. Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 13 (2), 340-355. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/13.2/425 [in English].

9. Lemeshko O.V., Yankovets A.V., Bets I.O., Isaieva I.F. (2019). Peculiarities of the English language training of Military Administration Masters. Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 11(2), 160-179. doi:10.18662/rrem/123 [in English].

10. Rymanova I.E. (2013). Use of Environment Moodle for Professional Foreign Language Teaching Technical Higher Education Establishment Students, Gramota Publishing House, 11(29), 164-167. Retrieved from:_www.gramota.net/materials/2/2013/11-2/44.html [in English].

Размещено на Allbest.ru