The teacher's pedagogical skill as the basis of achieving the standard of higher education

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The teacher's pedagogical skill as the basis of achieving the standard of higher education

Yury Polukarov, Candidate of technical Sciences, associate Professor; Olena Zemlyanska, Senior lecturer; Natalya Prakhovnik, Candidate of technical Sciences, associate Professor; Natalya Kachynska, Senior lecturer; Andrii Kovtun, Candidate of technical Sciences, senior lecturer; Maksym Kovtun, Candidate of higher education of Educational and Research IEE, National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»

Summary

The process of teaching students in modern conditions is quite complicated. Therefore, it is extremely important for teachers to maintain and develop professional skills, which are being described in the following article. Creating a trusting relationship between a teacher and a student is also described by scientists, this knowledge makes the learning process more interesting and comfortable for all participants in the educational process, in those regions where the educational process is possible.

Key words: higher education, education's standards, pedagogical skills, teaching

Today we are going through the process of formation of a new education system in Ukraine, which is accompanied by significant changes in the educational process, approaches and methods of obtaining knowledge in the conditions of distance learning. Therefore, proper staff support and professional training of teaching staff is so important, which ensures a high quality of education. Modern teachers must constantly improve their knowledge and skills, pay attention to improving their professional skills. Therefore, it is so important for productive teaching work to constantly improve pedagogical skills; it is this that is the highest level of pedagogical activity. Pedagogical skill is a complex of personal qualities, a high level of self-organization and professionalism of a teacher. This process is complex and dynamic; it necessarily includes individual psychological and motivational-value components, methodological and psychological knowledge, and creative orientation [1]. But it is also always necessary to remember that experience becomes a factor contributing to the development of conservatism and reluctance to use new approaches in the process of preparing training sessions.

The teacher should be a model of high culture, who knows his subject to perfection, also knows the methods of education and training, is well versed in issues of general and developmental psychology. In the context of the widespread introduction of information technologies and distance learning, it will depend on the teacher and his professionalism whether it will be possible to organize the educational process in such a way that everyone is interested and comfortable. It will depend on the didactic abilities of the teacher whether he will be able to provide teaching material in an accessible and understandable way, arouse interest in the subject and form an active independent opinion among students. An important role in professional excellence is played by academic abilities - abilities in a particular field of science. Because a professional teacher must have a much deeper and broader knowledge of the subject than is provided for by the volume of the training course. It is necessary to constantly be interested in the latest developments in your field, pay attention to the scientific component, and introduce modern teaching methods, computer programs and technologies.

A modern teacher should have apperceptive abilities, that is, be able to determine the emotional state of a person by his facial expressions, posture, and gestures. Possess suggestive skills and, if necessary, influence a person by changing his habits, character or activities. By monitoring the behavior of students and analyzing it, the teacher can correct the educational process and interpersonal relationships in the team.

Gnostic abilities help the teacher to quickly and creatively ensure effective interaction and mutual understanding with students, control their focus on achieving their goals, form each person's moral, intellectual and labor qualities that ensure self-development even when they enter an unfavorable environment [2].

The oratorical skills of the teacher are important. He must be able to clearly and clearly express his thoughts and convey them to students. This ability is the most important in the professional activity of a teacher, since in the educational process the transfer of information is mainly verbal.

A modern teacher must have communication skills. It is they who will make it quite easy to find the right approach to each student, to establish relationships that are expedient from a pedagogical point of view. It is important to properly distribute attention between certain activities. An experienced teacher reacts in time to the changes taking place in the classroom, can simultaneously monitor the content and form of an individual student's answer and keep everyone present in the field of view.

An important role is played by the organizational component of pedagogical activity. It is from him that the level and quality of the practical work of the teacher will depend. It is necessary to be able to organize their activities in accordance with the set goals and rationally allocate time. It is necessary to strictly observe the work plan, to possess self-control, in time to switch students' attention from one type of work to another. It is necessary to control the pace of learning, clearly and in an accessible from the requirements for students and achieve their fulfilment.

Predictive abilities help the teacher to foresee the results of their activities in the educational and educational process, to focus on the development of certain personal qualities, to be able to predict the development of certain inclinations and qualities in them. These pedagogical skills help to form the professional position of the teacher and allow you to achieve your goals.

It should be understood that mastering pedagogical skills is a key moment in teaching. This process is continuous, requires the teacher to have a constant desire to learn, improve their teaching methods, and requires extraordinary creativity and patience, as well as the ability to establish contact with the audience.

The teaching process is closely connected with the personal qualities and traits of the teacher, in particular, with his culture, the specifics of communication, outlook on life, interests and hobbies. An integral part of pedagogical activity is respect for students and their views, the manifestation of tolerance, sympathy, which meets the principles of humanism.

A good teacher should be decent, friendly, polite, objective in assessing, demanding, able to control him in different situations. In no case should students be divided into «favourites» and «hopeless». The teacher is obliged due to non-standard approaches and methods to interest the entire audience. This factor is one of the key factors in the process of building a productive educational process and is a fundamentally important criterion for assessing the level of a teacher's teaching skills.

Another feature inherent in high-level teachers is the tendency to selfimprovement, which can be conditionally represented by a certain algorithm [3]:

* deep conviction of the teacher in the need for constant self-learning;

* development of a self-education mechanism;

* creation of a program for high-quality and effective self-improvement with subsequent planning of measures for its implementation;

* direct fulfillment of assigned tasks for the purpose of self-improvement;

* self-control with the subsequent «work on the mistakes».

In today's conditions, pedagogical activity in institutions of higher education is of crucial importance, but this process is characterized by a number of factors that create additional difficulties. First of all, this is due to the fact that in the conditions of war, all participants in the educational process are hostages of permanent stress, worries about the life and lives of relatives and friends, a periodic feeling of helplessness and uncertainty even in the near future [4]. As a consequence, a temporary state of "total apathy" and devastation may occur.

In a war, some students are very stressed, so the teacher must use the entire arsenal of his teaching skills and talent. Only in such conditions is it possible to form the necessary competencies among students. Thus, it will be possible to promote the development of the creative potential of students and attract them to mastering their future profession. To motivate students to study in a full-scale war, the following recommendations should be followed.

1. Maintain a positive psychological atmosphere in the team. During the war, the manifestations of stressful conditions have an incredible impact on the relationship between people and the adequate perception of other people's thoughts. A friendly atmosphere in the classroom, students' interest in the learning process, encouraging the expression of their thoughts will encourage students to feel like full members of the educational process, activate thinking, and reduce anxiety.

2. Use special gestures. Most people are afraid to be presenters of discussion topics because they are afraid of the reaction of the audience. To reduce the tension in the discussion process, as well as to attract more students to this kind of learning, it is enough to create a few special gestures: «yes», «no», «good idea», «not enough reasoning» and others. So the presenter will be instantly oriented.

3. Develop the ability to communicate your opinion. Often students write well but fail to communicate their idea. A well-known method should be proposed: first write down the abstracts or answers to questions, and only then voice what was written. Such an exercise will make them easier to express their opinions, and consequently reduce emotional stress and develop appropriate thinking skills and thinking aloud.

4. Use team work. Students should be more often involved in group work. This will allow you to monitor the individual characteristics of a particular student and look for effective methods of supporting everyone for productive work in the classroom. Indeed, today we all urgently need to feel that we are not alone, to feel support.

5. Use constructive criticism if necessary. The ability to critically assess the situation is one of the main assets for a modern person who masters any specialty. Forming a positive attitude towards constructive criticism among students is a powerful impetus in the search for excellence.

6. Don't be afraid to make mistakes. Anyone who does something can make mistakes. Through mistakes, we gain experience that will help us avoid repeating them in the future. The teacher needs to explain that making mistakes is not scary. The main thing is to find and correct the error in a timely manner.

Conclusion

The process of teaching students in modern conditions is quite complicated. Therefore, it is extremely important for teachers to maintain and develop professional skills for the formation of professional competencies. This process requires activation of all components. Creating a trusting relationship between a teacher and a student makes the learning process more interesting and comfortable for all participants in the educational process, in those regions where the educational process is possible.

teacher learning student war

References

1. Чубіна Т.Д., Маруш І.В. (2022). Педагогічна майстерність викладача закладу вищої освіти в умовах сьогодення. Вісник гуманітарного наукового товариства: наукові праці, (22), 117-122.

2. Шолох О.А. (2019). Теоретичні аспекти розвитку педагогічної майстерності викладачів вищої школи. Вісник Національного ун-ту «Чернігівський колегіум» ім. Т.Г. Шевченка. Серія: Педагогічні науки, (1), 245-251.

3. Шара С.О. (2021). Самоосвіта викладача як запорука підвищення професійної педагогічної майстерності. Витоки педагогічної майстерності, (27), 235-239.

4. Голубенко Т.О., Діордіца І.М., Сіра Л.І. (2022). Особливості психолого-педагогічної адаптації здобувачів вищої освіти до освітнього процесу в умовах воєнного стану. Наукові інновації та передові технології, (6), 112-123.

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