Generation Z: problems and features. The use of modern pedagogical methods

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GENERATION Z: PROBLEMS AND FEATURES. THE USE OF MODERN PEDAGOGICAL METHODS

Kuznetsova M.P.

Abstract

This chapter presents the theory of generations and analyzes the characteristics of each generation, particularly generation Z. The author considers the problem of communication, describes the peculiarities and cites the most common problems in communication of generation Z. The conclusion emphasizes possible solutions to these problems.

Keywords: human resource management, human intelligence, training, generation, generation Z, career expectations.

The main text

The desire of "fathers" to understand their "children" is as old as the world, it is an eternal societal problem. And how can Generation Y understand Generation Z? Sociologists in the modern world consider this problem in the context of the theory of generations emerged in 1991.

N. Howe is a famous American economist and demographer and American historian W. Strauss in the early 1990s, independently of each other, began to study the issue of generational conflict. Surprisingly, both Americans came to the similar conclusions - different generations have completely different behavioral patterns.

In 1991, the scientists teamed up and published Generation, a book in which they examined the behaviour patterns of American societies since Columbus. The essence of the book is that people's behaviour is more dependent on their environment and upbringing between the ages of 12 and 14. A person's own value system is formed between the ages of 12 and 14, and then, between the ages of 12 and 14, these are "generational values" under the influence of various social events and family upbringing. A child lives and "like a sponge" absorbs all the information and then begins to analyze it and then the accumulated "knowledge base" begins to form a personality.

There are values that are formed before the age of 14, which are called "deep". These values are practically invisible, but the generation lives and commits them throughout its life.

Russian scientists have been considering the model of generation theory since 1900 (N. Howe and W. Strauss in their works considered models in the period from the 16th century). The main idea of "generation theory" is that every 20 years a new generation appears in a modern society, which differs in its values and behaviour. Based on this idea, the following classification has been proposed:

1900 - 1923 - GI generation ("generation of winners"),

1923 - 1943 - "silent generation",

1943 - 1963 - "baby boomers",

1963 - 1984 - Generation X,

1984 - 2000 - Generation Y ("Millennial generation"),

2000 - 2020 - Generation Z.

People who were born at the junctures of the generations (about 2 3 years from the boundary dates), are partial carriers of the values of the nearest groups and form "echo-generations". They serve as a link of civilization and act as intermediaries. Each generation has its own characteristic features, which are formed in one or another historical context.

From 1900 to 1923 there was the "Generation of Winners". The most influential events of this period: the emergence of the USSR, the creation of the UN, World Wars I and II, and the activities of figures such as Hitler, Stalin, Churchill, etc. This generation is really deserve to be called "winners" because a lot of wars and troubles were experienced in the genereation's childhood. The representatives of this generation are characterized by great diligence, responsibility and optimism.

The silent generation existed from 1923 to 1943. Most influential events: the Great Depression, the global economic crisis, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The main attitude of this generation is total unquestioning obedience to those above them. The silent generation is very reverent about their family.

The baby boomers -«Me Generation» existed from 1943 through 1963. Most influential events: The Cold War, rock music and the sexual revolution, the assassination of John Kennedy and the oil crisis. This generation had a kind of narcissistic "I am everything" attitude. After that, there was a youth uprising of incredible power. It was a very large generation that didn't have a lot of room in the public institutions or in the workplace.

Generation X is the "next generation" and it existed from 1963 to 1984. Events that influenced this generation: the fall of the Berlin Wall, pop culture, MTV, the discovery of AIDS, the popularization of the Berlin Wall, pop culture, MTV, the discovery of AIDS, the popularization of heavy metal music. The children of Generation X had the most unhappy childhoods - the divorce rate was very high.

That's why members of this generation are often different: some of them overcame themselves and became higher and managed to achieve success, while others preferred to a life on welfare.

Generation Y - "Millennium generation", it existed from 1984 to 2000. The main events of the period: the development of computer technology, terrorism and environmental crisis. Generation Y is generally classified as liberal, but there are exceptions who hold more conservative views. This generation tends to procrastinate growing up.

Generation Z is the "Me Me Me Me Generation," and it exists from early 2000 to 2020. The most influential events: the spread of social media, terrorist attacks, the first black president in the United States. Generation Z that has been familiar with the Internet since birth. They tend to communicate constantly with their friends in person, but by texting in social media or just with their mobile phones. Sociologists and demographers have no consensus on who should be considered members of Generation Z.

The boundary of this generation is very blurred, as much depends on the level of technological development. In Russia, the first representatives of this generation appeared in the mid 1990s. In general, we can say that at the moment the Z generation includes children and teenagers from 11 to 20 years old.

Generation Z includes children and teenagers from 11 to 20 years old. What distinguishes these young men and women from all previous generations, these young men and women are distinguished by the fact that they have been familiar with digital technologies since their childhood. They were literally born with an iPad in their hands.

Generation Z is significantly different from all other generations: about 1/5 of the world is inhabited by this generation.

In order to consider the communication problem of Generation Z, it is necessary to emphasize its main characteristics.

1. Generation Z see the world as a whole. In the 21st century, globalization has become developed more vigorously and this has affected the growing generation. Young people are united not only by a lot of movies, music, media, but also social networks and messengers. Therefore, the younger generation the sees the world as a whole, and perhaps because of that they have extraordinary flexibility of thinking.

2. The younger generation is looking for recognition from their peers and adults. This is a big part of their self-esteem. The first place is always their recognition in social networks. European scientists briefly express the position of young Z as follows: "No likes - no happiness".

3. Most Western sociologists categorize Generation Z as a type of "artist". Perhaps the attachment to creativity develops from childhood.

4. Generation Z can do several things at the same time (writing messages, listening to music, playing computer games, messages, do homework, cleaning), which previous generations found difficult.

5. The younger generation is characterized by "clip" thinking, this means that people are able to perceive the world through short vivid images. Almost all modern TV series, films, media and even some books are created exclusively for the clip consumer. Unfortunately, clip thinking is more of a bad thing than a good thing, because people are unable to concentrate on information for long periods of time, their ability to analyze is greatly diminished, and they become susceptible to manipulation and influence.

6. Generation Z is characterized by infantilism. Infantilism is called a vice of modernity. Infantilism is the unwillingness to search for its meaning and to develop. The search for meaning is a difficult and painful process. An infantile person would prefer to close his eyes on the problems.

The "wall" between Generation Z and Generations X and Y becomes clearly visible. Generation Z, of course, is not is certainly not to blame for their lack of understanding, as they are completely absorbed by modern technology and social media. Compared to Generation Y, which is characterized by hyper-responsibility, a propensity obedience and even a certain innocence, Generation Z is quite expressive. Generation Z are early to become independent and very ambitious. Generation Z is screaming to the world: "Do what you want to do! Nobody forbids anything! Achieve your goals and fulfill your dreams!"

On the one hand, Z is a very promising and noble generation, but on the other hand, communication is their main problem, which can't be "set aside." So, to summarize, as well as the characteristics of the of generation Z, I'd like to outline their most popular communication problems.

1. The first problem, and in my opinion one of the most significant ones, is that the children's "life" in social networks is "closed" from their parents. Parents do not understand their child, who spends days "sitting" in social networks. They will try to find an approach to him/her, but most likely they will be unsuccessful. By commenting on or writing a post on the child's page, they may be judged harshly by the child. Because what's normal for adults is unacceptable for the current generation Z. In addition, for sure, if you are not an Instagram star, you're going to embarrass Z, because this is a generation that chases the ideal, and social media is no exception.

2. Generational misunderstanding in the family. Our parents and their predecessors grew up in a more restricted, conservative environment. Hard work, family spiritual values and mutual respect were shaped by Generation Y. Generation Z, on the other hand, is growing up in an open information space. The family lays down its values in the upbringing of children. Generation Z begins to construct its internal attitudes, changing its views on everything around it. This raises the issue of misunderstandings between family members.

3. The next problem is permissiveness and indifference in communicating with the older generation. This problem can be briefly characterized. The 21st century strives for equality, against this background, Generation Z feels its rights in society from an early age, the importance of their personality and the importance of their rights in society. From an early age, Generation Z feels their rights in society, the importance of their personality and in many ways adheres to the phrase: "I don't owe anyone anything! And with this phrase, indifference to society is "born" in them, their inner ego prevents them from developing feelings of compassion and empathy for others.

4. The problem of Z communicating with his peers. Social networks make it difficult for teenagers to communicate live. In face-to-face contact, it is not easy to find a common language and express their feelings, because their real emotions have been replaced by emoji on social networks. They often feel awkward, insecure and uncomfortable when they meet, and the first face-t-o face meeting is like a way out of their comfort zone.

5. Limiting the use of devices during working hours. Today, Generation Z is actively looking for work, but not all employers agree that mobile devices can be used during working hours. There are some companies that are completely against the use of gadgets. Unfortunately, Generation Z is not ready to "make those sacrifices" and get a job. This creates a problem with the employment of the younger generation, as they will prioritise looking for jobs that do not have such "rigid frameworks".

Conclusion

We can now conclude that today's ambitious and diverse Z's have communication problems. A possible solution to this problem is to combine networking and live communication. Youth festivals and forums can be organized for better mutual understanding and emotional disclosure.

Generation Z is "in step with innovation", all information is openly available to them, but unfortunately they cannot always use it in the right direction and solve their problems and challenges with the help of the "global network". Social networks are just one of ways of communication, not the main one, but Generation Z thinks otherwise. Time spent on a messenger should not interfere with time spent with family and friends. And social networks exist at the expense of people, not people at the expense of social networks!

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