˳í³éíèé ëàíöþæîê äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³
Âëàñòèâîñò³ ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â íà îñíîâ³ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèê³â ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³. Ðîçðîáêà íîâîãî êëàñó íàäâèñîêî÷àñòîòíèõ ðåçîíàòîð³â íà ïîâåðõíåâ³é åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³é õâèë³.
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Îòïðàâèòü ñâîþ õîðîøóþ ðàáîòó â áàçó çíàíèé ïðîñòî. Èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó, ðàñïîëîæåííóþ íèæå
Ñòóäåíòû, àñïèðàíòû, ìîëîäûå ó÷åíûå, èñïîëüçóþùèå áàçó çíàíèé â ñâîåé ó÷åáå è ðàáîòå, áóäóò âàì î÷åíü áëàãîäàðíû.
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ÊȯÂÑÜÊÈÉ ÍÀÖ²ÎÍÀËÜÍÈÉ ÓͲÂÅÐÑÈÒÅÒ ²ÌÅͲ ÒÀÐÀÑÀ ØÅÂ×ÅÍÊÀ
ÀÂÒÎÐÅÔÅÐÀÒ
äèñåðòàö³¿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê
˲ͲÉÍÈÉ ËÀÍÖÞÆÎÊ ÄÆÎÇÅÔÑÎͲÂÑÜÊÈÕ ÊÎÍÒÀÊÒ²Â Ó ÐÅÇÎÍÀÒÎв ÏÎÂÅÐÕÍÅÂί ÕÂÈ˲
01.04.03 - ðàä³îô³çèêà
²ÂÀÍÞÒÀ ÎËÅÊÑÀÍÄÐ ÌÈÊÎËÀÉÎÂÈ×
Êè¿â - 2003
Äèñåðòàö³ºþ º ðóêîïèñ.
Ðîáîòà âèêîíàíà â Êè¿âñüêîìó íàö³îíàëüíîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³ ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà
Íàóêîâèé êåð³âíèê - äîêòîð ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê, ïðîôåñîð Ìåëêîâ Ãåíàä³é Àíäð³éîâè÷, Êè¿âñüêèé Íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà çàâ³äóâà÷ êàôåäðè êð³îãåííî¿ òà ì³êðîåëåêòðîí³êè
Îô³ö³éí³ îïîíåíòè: äîêòîð ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê, äîöåíò Øàòåðí³ê Âîëîäèìèð ªâãåíîâè÷, ²íñòèòóòó ìåòàëîô³çèêè ³ì. Ã.Â. Êóðäþìîâà ÍÀÍ Óêðà¿íè, ïðîâ³äíèé íàóêîâèé ñï³âðîá³òíèê êàôåäðè íàäïðîâ³äíî¿ åëåêòðîí³êè.
êàíäèäàò ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê, Êóçíåöîâ Ãåíàä³é Âàñèëüîâè÷, Êè¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà, ñòàðøèé íàóêîâèé ñï³âðîá³òíèê êàôåäðè òâåðäîò³ëüíî¿ åëåêòðîí³êè.
Ïðîâ³äíà óñòàíîâà - Íàö³îíàëüíèé òåõí³÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò Óêðà¿íè “Êè¿âñüêèé ïîë³òåõí³÷íèé ³íñòèòóò”, ì. Êè¿â.
Çàõèñò â³äáóäåòüñÿ “. 22 ” …âåðåñíÿ… 2003 ð. î _16_ ãîäèí³ íà çàñ³äàíí³ ñïåö³àë³çîâàíî¿ â÷åíî¿ ðàäè Ä 26.001.31 â Êè¿âñüêîìó íàö³îíàëüíîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³ ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà (01017, ì. Êè¿â, ïðîñïåêò Ãëóøêîâà, 2, êîðïóñ 6).
Ç äèñåðòàö³ºþ ìîæíà îçíàéîìèòèñÿ ó á³áë³îòåö³ Êè¿âñüêîãî íàö³îíàëüíîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà (ì. Êè¿â, âóë. Âîëîäèìèðñüêà 64).
Àâòîðåôåðàò ðîç³ñëàíèé “21” 08 2003 ð.
Â÷åíèé ñåêðåòàð ñïåö³àë³çîâàíî¿ â÷åíî¿ ðàäè êàíäèäàò ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê Øêàâðî À.Ã.
ÀÍÎÒÀÖ²ß
²âàíþòà Î.Ì. ˳í³éíèé ëàíöþæîê äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³. - Ðóêîïèñ.
Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ â÷åíîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà ô³çèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷íèõ íàóê çà ñïåö³àëüí³ñòþ 01.04.03 - ðàä³îô³çèêà. - Êè¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà, Êè¿â, 2003.
Äèñåðòàö³ÿ ïðèñâÿ÷åíà åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíîìó äîñë³äæåííþ âëàñòèâîñòåé ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà (ËË) ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â (ÄÊ) íà îñíîâ³ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèê³â (ÂÒÍÏ) ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ (ÐÏÕ).
 ðîáîò³ ðîçðîáëåíî íîâèé êëàñ íàäâèñîêî÷àñòîòíèõ (ÍÂ×) ðåçîíàòîð³â íà ïîâåðõíåâ³é åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³é õâèë³. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî çíàéäåí³ îïòèìàëüí³ óìîâè çáóäæåííÿ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó êîëèâàíü ó íàï³âõâèëüîâîìó òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâîìó ÐÏÕ ç ìåòàëåâîþ àáî íàäïðîâ³äíîþ ïîâåðõíåþ. Ïîêàçàíà âèñîêà îäíîð³äí³ñòü ñòðóì³â îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ÐÏÕ ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³, ÿê³ òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ¿¿ ðåçîíàíñíîãî ðîçì³ðó. Ïîâçäîâæí³ ðîçð³çè äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ ñëàáî âïëèâàþòü íà éîãî ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñò³ ³ íàâïàêè, öåé âïëèâ äóæå ñèëüíèé äëÿ âèïàäêó íàíåñåííÿ ðîçð³ç³â ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíî äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â â ÐÏÕ. Âèñîêà êâàç³îäíîð³äí³ñòü ñòðóì³â, ÿê³ òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ðåçîíóþ÷îãî ðîçì³ðó òà ¿õ ñèìåòðè÷íèé ðîçïîä³ë ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³ äëÿ îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ó ÐÏÕ çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ äëÿ âèïàäêó íàíåñåííÿ ðîçð³ç³â ïîâçäîâæí³õ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó öüîìó ðåçîíàòîð³. Çàïðîïîíîâàíî íàáëèæåí³ âèðàçè äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ â³äíîñíî¿ çì³íè ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè òà âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ äëÿ íàï³âõâèëåâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ðåçîíàòîð³â â çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä ñòóïåíÿ ³íòåãðàö³¿ åëåìåíò³â òîïîëî㳿 â ïë³âö³ ÐÏÕ. Ïîêàçàíà ìîæëèâ³ñòü çàñòîñóâàííÿ çàïðîïîíîâàíîãî ìåòîäó ÐÏÕ äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ ÿêîñò³ ïë³âîê, ùî îñàäæåí³ íà ä³åëåêòðè÷í³ ï³äêëàäèíêè íà âñ³õ åòàïàõ ïîáóäîâè ËË á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ íà îñíîâ³ ÂÒÍÏ.
Çàïðîïîíîâàíî òîïîëîã³þ ïîºäíàííÿ îêðåìèõ ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ ÄÊ â ËË. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî äîñë³äæåí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ îêðåìèõ òà ËË ñèìåòðè÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ ç ð³çíèì ñòóïåíåì ³íòåãðàö³¿ â íàï³âõâèëåâ³ òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâ³ ÐÏÕ. Ïîêàçàíî, ùî âèçíà÷àëüíèì ôàêòîðîì äëÿ ¿õ ñèíõðîííî¿ ðîáîòè â ËË ³íòåãðîâàíîìó â ÐÏÕ º òåõíîëîã³÷íèé ðîçêèä êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â êîíòàêò³â. Äëÿ äîñë³äæóâàíèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ öåé ðîçêèä íå ïîâèíåí ïåðåâèùóâàòè ?40 %. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî âèçíà÷åí³ óìîâè îòðèìàííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíèõ çà àìïë³òóäîþ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî, ùî âèíèêàþòü ó â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ äî äæîçåôñîí³âñüêîãî ñï³ââ³äíîøåííÿ, íà ÂÀÕ îêðåìèõ òà ËË ÄÊ ç ð³çíèì ñòóïåíåì ³íòåãðàö³¿ â íàï³âõâèëåâ³ òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâ³ ÐÏÕ. Äîñÿãíóòî íåîáõ³äí³ çíà÷åííÿ íàïðóãè äëÿ ïîáóäîâè ñòàíäàðò³â íàïðóãè. Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåíü ëàíöþæê³â á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ ÄÊ ³íòåãðîâàíèõ ó ÐÏÕ ïîêàçàëè, ùî âîíè ìîæóòü áóòè âèêîðèñòàí³ äëÿ ïîáóäîâè íîâîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ ìåòðîëîã³÷íèõ ïðèñòðî¿â ÿê³ ïðàöþþòü ïðè òåìïåðàòóðàõ ð³äêîãî àçîòó
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: êîëèâàííÿ, íàäâèñîê³ ÷àñòîòè, àìïë³òóäà, ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³, âîëüò-àìïåðíà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà, ë³í³éíèé ëàíöþæîê äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â, âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíà íàäïðîâ³äí³ñòü.
ÀÍÍÎÒÀÖÈß
Èâàíþòà À.Í. Ëèíåéíàÿ öåïî÷êà äæîçåôñîíîâñüêèõ êîíòàêòîâ â ðåçîíàòîðå ïîâåðõíîñíîé âîëíè. - Ðóêîïèñü. Äèññåðòàöèÿ íà ñîèñêàíèå ó÷åíîé ñòåïåíè êàíäèäàòà ôèçèêî-ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèõ íàóê çà ñïåöèàëüíîñòüþ 01.04.03 - ðàäèîôèçèêà. - Êèåâñêèé íàöèîíàëüíûé óíèâåðñèòåò èìåíè Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêî, Êèåâ, 2003.
Äèññåðòàöèÿ ïîñâÿùåíà ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíîìó èññëåäîâàíèþ ñâîéñòâ ëèíåéíîé öåïî÷êè ñèììåòðè÷íûõ áèêðèñòàëè÷åñêèõ âûñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíûõ äæîçåôñîíîâñüêèõ êîíòàêòîâ â ðåçîíàòîðå ïîâåðõíîñòíîé âîëíû.
 ðàáîòå ðàçðàáîòàí íîâûé êëàññ ñâåðõâûñîêî÷àñòîòíûõ (ÑÂ×) ðåçîíàòîðîâ íà
ïîâåðõíîñòíîé ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíîé âîëíå (ÐÏÂ). Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî íàéäåíû îïòèìàëüíûå óñëîâèÿ âîçáóæäåíèÿ îñíîâíîé ìîäîé Í10 ïðÿìîóãîëüíîãî âîëíîâîäà êîëåáàíèé â ïîëóâîëíîâîì è ÷âåðòüâîëíîâîì ÐÏ ñ ìåòàëëè÷åñêîé èëè ñâåðõïðîâîäÿùåé ïîâåðõíîñòüþ. Èçìåðÿíû ÷àñòîòû è äîáðîòíîñòè ÐÏÂ. Ïîêàçàíà âûñîêàÿ îäíîðîäíîñòü òîêîâ îñíîâíîé ìîäû êîëåáàíèÿ ÐÏ ïî îñè ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ âîëíû â âîëíîâîäå. Èññëåäîâàíî âëèÿíèå íåîäíîðîäíîñòåé íà ñâîéñòâà ÐÏÂ, âîçíèêàþùèå ïðè âêëþ÷åíèè â íåãî ëèíåéíîé öåïî÷êè (ËÖ) äæîçåôñîíîâñüêèõ êîíòàêòîâ (ÄÊ). Ðàçðåçû ïðîäîëüíûå ê íàïðàâëåíèþ ÑÂ× òîêîâ â ÐÏ ñëàáî âëèÿþò íà åãî ÑÂ× ñâîéñòâà è íàîáîðîò, ýòî âëèÿíèå î÷åíü ñèëüíîå äëÿ ñëó÷àÿ íàíåñåíèÿ ðàçðåçîâ ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíî ê íàïðàâëåíèþ ÑÂ× òîêîâ â ÐÏÂ. Ïðåäëîæåíû ïðèáëèæåííûå ôîðìóëû äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ îòíîñèòåëüíîãî èçìåíåíèÿ ðåçîíàíñíîé ÷àñòîòû è ñîáñòâåííîé äîáðîòíîñòè ïîëóâîëíîâîãî è ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ðåçîíàòîðîâ â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñòåïåíè èíòåãðàöèè ýëåìåíòîâ â ïëåíêå ÐÏÂ. Ïîêàçàíà âîçìîæíîñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ ïðåäëîæåííîãî ìåòîäà ÐÏ äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ êà÷åñòâà ïëåíîê íà îñíîâå âûñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíûõ ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêîâ (ÂÒÑÏ).
Ïðåäëîæåíà òîïîëîãèÿ îáúåäèíåíèÿ îòäåëüíûõ ñèììåòðè÷íûõ ÂÒÑÏ áèêðèñòàëè÷åñêèõ ÄÊ â ËÖ, ïðåäóñìàòðèâàþùàÿ ïàðàëëåëüíîå âêëþ÷åíèå ÄÊ ïî ÑÂ× è ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîå ïî ïîñòîÿííîìó òîêó. Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî èññëåäîâàííû ñâîéñòâà îòäåëüíûõ è ËÖ ÄÊ ñ ðàçíîé ñòåïåíüþ èíòåãðàöèè â ïîëóâîëíîâûå è ÷åòâåðòüâîëíîâûå ÐÏÂ, êîòîðûå õîðîøî îïèñûâàþòñÿ ðåçèñòèâíîé ìîäåëüþ. Ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî îïðåäåëÿþùèì ôàêòîðîì äëÿ ñèíõðîííîé ðàáîòû â ËÖ ÄÊ èíòåãðèðîâàííîé â ÐÏ åñòü òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèé ðàçáðîñ èõ êðèòè÷åñêèõ ïàðàìåòðîâ (?40 %).
Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî îïðåäåëåíû óñëîâèÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ ìàêñèìàëüíûõ ïî àìïëèòóäå ñòóïåíåê Øàïèðî íà ÂÀÕ îòäåëüíûõ è ËÖ ÄÊ ñ ðàçíîé ñòåïåíüþ èíòåãðàöèè â ïîëóâîëíîâûå è ÷âåðòüâîëíîâûå ÐÏ ïîä âîçäåéñòâèåì âíåøíåãî ÑÂ× îáëó÷åíèÿ. Íà öåïî÷êå èç 450 ÄÊ ïîëó÷åíî ñåòêó ýòàëîííûõ íàïðÿæåíèé: 10 ìÂ, 20 ìÂ, 30 ìÂ. Ïîëó÷åííûå ðåçóëüòàòè èññëåäîâàíèé ËÖ áèêðèñòàëè÷åñêèõ ÂÒÑÏ ÄÊ èíòåãðèðîâàííûõ â ÐÏ ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî îíè ìîãóòü áûòü èñïîëüçîâàííûå äëÿ ïîñòðîåíèÿ íîâîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ ìåòðîëîãè÷åñêèõ óñòðîéñòâ êîòîðûå ðàáîòàþò ïðè òåìïåðàòóðàõ æèäêîãî àçîòà
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: êîëåáàíèå, ñâåðõâûñîêèå ÷àñòîòû, àìïëèòóäà, ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíîñòíîé âîëíû, âîëüò-àìïåðíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà, ëèíåéíàÿ öåïî÷êà äæîçåôñîíîâñüêèõ êîíòàêòîâ, âûñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíàÿ ñâåðõïðîâîäèìîñòü.
SUMMARY
Ivanyuta O.M. Linear array of Josephson junctions in the surface wave resonator. - Manuscript.
Thesis for the scientific degree of Candidate of physical and mathematical sciences (equivalent to doctor of Philosophy) by speciality 01.04.03 - radiophysics. - Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kyiv, 2003.
The thesis is devoted to the experimental investigation of the properties of linear array (LA) of symmetrical bycrystal Josephson junctions (JJ) based on high-temperature superconductors in the surface wave resonator.
It has been worked out a new class of microwave resonators based on surface elecrtomagnetic wave (SWR). It was experimentally found the optimal conditions for the excitation of oscillations in a quater of wave and a half of wave SWR with metal and superconducting surface by the fundamental mode Í10 of a rectangular waveguide. It was precisely measured the own mode frequencies and Q-factor values of SWR. It was shown that the current distribution of SWR fundamental oscillation mode is high homogeneous along the wave vector direction in waveguide. It was studied the influence of regular inhomogeneities due to presence of a LA of JJ into SWR on the resonant properties. It was shown that the longitudinal cuts (respect to current direction) have only a small influence on the microwave properties of SWR. But the cross cuts have strong influence on these properties. It was derived the approximate formulae for the determing of relative changing of a resonant frequency and own Q-factor for a quater of wave and a half of wave SWR for the different integration scale. It was proved the possibility of the SWR-method using for the determine of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) film quality.
It was proposed a new layout for the unite of singular symmetrical HTS bicrystal JJs at LA such that it is appeared the parallel microwave JJ inclusion and the successive dc inclusion. It was experimentally investigated the properties of a singular and a linear array of symmetrical JJs of the different integration scale for a quater of wave and a half of wave SWR and was shown that the experimental results well agree with resistive model. It was shown that the main factor for the syncronization of JJs at LL is technology spreading of junction parameters. It was determine the necessary condition for the parameter spreading (40 %).
It was experimentally determined the conditions for maximizing of Shapiro steps on C-V characteristics of a singular JJ and LA at the different integration scale in a quater of wave and a half of wave SWR under microwave irradiation. For the linear array of 450 JJs it was got the sequence of a standard voltages 10 mV, 20 mV and 30 mV. The experimental results of the investigation of linear array of JJs that have been integrated in SWR are shown the promise of their using for metrological measuring at the liguid nitrogen temperature scale and can be used as a basis for the creation of a new class of metrological devices.
Key words: oscillations, microwave frequency, amplitude, surface wave resonator, current-voltage characteristic, linear array of Josephson junctions, high-temperature superconductivity.
ÇÀÃÀËÜÍÀ ÕÀÐÀÊÒÅÐÈÑÒÈÊÀ ÐÎÁÎÒÈ
Àêòóàëüí³ñòü òåìè. Îäíèì ³ç øëÿõ³â ïîäàëüøîãî ðîçâèòêó ñó÷àñíèõ ðàä³îåëåêòðîííèõ ïðèëàä³â º âèêîðèñòàííÿ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèê³â (ÂÒÍÏ).  îáëàñò³ ÍÂ× åëåêòðîí³êè íà îñíîâ³ ÂÒÍÏ ìîæóòü áóòè ñêîíñòðóéîâàí³ âèñîêîäîáðîòí³ êîëèâàëüí³ ñèñòåìè, ÍÂ× ïðèéìà÷³ òà ãåíåðàòîðè, ñòàíäàðòè ïîñò³éíî¿ íàïðóãè. Àëå â íàø ÷àñ âèñîêèìè õàðàêòåðèñòèêàìè ö³ ïðèëàäè âîëîä³þòü ëèøå ïðè âèêîðèñòàíí³ íèçüêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèê³â. Îñîáëèâî öå â³äíîñèòüñÿ äî ïðèëàä³â, ùî âèêîðèñòîâóþòü äæîçåôñîí³âñüê³ êîíòàêòè (ÄÊ) - òóò çàñòîñóâàííÿ ÂÒÍÏ çíàõîäèòüñÿ ëèøå íà ñòà䳿 âèâ÷åííÿ. Íàéá³ëüø ïåðñïåêòèâíèé øëÿõ ó öüîìó íàïðÿìêó - âèêîðèñòàííÿ îäíî- òà äâîâèì³ðíèõ ë³í³éíèõ ëàíöþæê³â (ËË) òà ãðàòêîê ñèíõðîí³çîâàíèõ ÄÊ.
 âèì³ðþâàëüí³é òåõí³ö³ òà åëåêòðîí³ö³ øèðîêå çàñòîñóâàííÿ çíàéøëè ì³êðîñìóæêîâ³ òà ïëîùèííî ïàðàëåëüí³ ðåçîíàòîðè. ¯õ âèãîòîâëåííÿ òåõíîëîã³÷íî óñêëàäíþºòüñÿ ³ç çá³ëüøåííÿì ÷àñòîòè. Ïðè öüîìó çðîñòຠñîá³âàðò³ñòü òà âòðàòè â çîâí³øí³õ ï³äâ³äíèõ êàáåëÿõ. Âðàõîâóþ÷è ö³ îáñòàâèíè, âèíèêëà íåîáõ³äí³ñòü ñòâîðåííÿ, òåõíîëîã³÷íî ïðîñòèõ ðåçîíàòîð³â ³ç îäí³ºþ ìåòàë³çîâàíîþ àáî íàäïðîâ³äíîþ ïîâåðõíåþ. Âîíè ïðàöþþòü íà ïîâåðõíåâ³é åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³é õâèë³ (ÏÅÌÕ), ùî ðîçïîâñþäæóºòüñÿ âçäîâæ ïðîâ³äíî¿ ïîâåðõí³ ç ê³íöåâîþ ïðîâ³äí³ñòþ (õâèëÿ Öåíåêà) àáî âçäîâæ ìåòàëó (íàâ³òü ³äåàëüíîãî), ïîêðèòîãî ä³åëåêòðèêîì. гçíîìàí³òíèõ ïðèñòðî¿â íà îñíîâ³ ÏÅÌÕ ðîçðîáëåíî âæå äîñèòü áàãàòî. Àëå á³ëüø³ñòü ç íèõ ìຠäîñèòü ñêëàäíó åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷íó ñèñòåìó çáóäæåííÿ òà ïîòðåáóº ïîäàëüøîãî óçãîäæåííÿ ç ë³í³ºþ ïåðåäà÷³.
Ñó÷àñí³ ïåðâèíí³ ñòàíäàðòè íàïðóãè áàçóþòüñÿ íà íåñòàö³îíàðíîìó åôåêò³ Äæîçåôñîíà. Âèõ³äíà íàïðóãà ïåðâèííîãî ñòàíäàðòó Äæîçåôñîíà âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ëèøå ôóíäàìåíòàëüíèìè ô³çè÷íèìè êîíñòàíòàìè ³ òî÷í³ñòþ âñòàíîâëåííÿ ì³êðîõâèëüîâî¿ ÷àñòîòè. Íåçâàæàþ÷è íà ñâ³òîâå âèçíàííÿ öèõ åòàëîí³â, ìîæíà â³äçíà÷èòè, ïðèíàéìí³, äâà ¿õí³ íåäîë³êè. êîðèñòóâàííÿ ð³äêèì ãå볺ì òà ñêëàäí³ñòþ òî÷íîãî âñòàíîâëåííÿ âèõ³äíî¿ íàïðóãè íà ì³êðîñõåì³, òîìó ùî â ñó÷àñíèõ ñòàíäàðòàõ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ÄÊ ç ã³ñòåðåçèñíîþ âîëüò-àìïåðíîþ õàðàêòåðèñòèêîþ (ÂÀÕ).
Çâ'ÿçîê ðîáîòè ç íàóêîâèìè ïðîãðàìàìè, ïëàíàìè, òåìàìè. Ðîáîòà íàä äèñåðòàö³ºþ âèêîíóâàëàñü â Êè¿âñüêîìó íàö³îíàëüíîìó óí³âåðñèòåò³ ³ìåí³ Òàðàñà Øåâ÷åíêà â ðàìêàõ äåðæáþäæåòíèõ íàóêîâî-äîñë³äíèõ ðîá³ò “Íåë³í³éí³ êîëèâàííÿ òà õâèë³ ÍÂ× ó âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèêàõ òà ìàãíåòèêàõ” (¹ äåðæðåºñòðàö³¿: 0197U003174) - â³äïîâ³äàëüíèé âèêîíàâåöü òà ¹ 01ÁÔ052-01 “Åíåðãåòè÷íî åôåêòèâí³ ìåòîäè ïåðåäà÷³ òà îáðîáêè ñèãíàë³â ÍÂ× òà îïòè÷íîãî ä³àïàçîí³â” (¹ äåðæðåºñòðàö³¿ 0101U002878) - êåð³âíèê íàïðÿìêó åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ äîñë³äæåíü ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé ÂÒÍÏ.
Ìåòà òà çàäà÷³ äîñë³äæåííÿ. Ðîçðîáêà ô³çè÷íèõ îñíîâ ðîáîòè òà åêñïåðèìåíòàëüí³ äîñë³äæåííÿ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé ñèìåòðè÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ, ùî ³íòåãðîâàí³ â ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ (ÐÏÕ). Äîñë³äæåííÿ ÍÂ× õàðàêòåðèñòèê ë³í³éíèõ ëàíöþæê³â (ËË) ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ ç ìåòîþ îòðèìàííÿ îïòèìàëüíèõ ïàðàìåòð³â äëÿ ïîáóäîâè, çîêðåìà åòàëîí³â íàïðóãè â ñàíòèìåòðîâîìó òà ì³ë³ìåòðîâîìó ä³àïàçîí³ äîâæèí õâèëü.
Äëÿ äîñÿãíåííÿ çàçíà÷åíî¿ ìåòè áóëî ñôîðìóëüîâàíî òàê³ îñíîâí³ çàäà÷³ äîñë³äæåííÿ:
Ðîçðîáêà ìåòîäèê åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ äîñë³äæåíü: ïîâåðõíåâîãî ³ìïåäàíñó ÂÒÍÏ òà ìåòàëåâèõ ïë³âîê; ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé ÐÏÕ; åëåìåíò³â òîïîëî㳿 äëÿ âêëþ÷åííÿ ËË ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ; á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ, ùî ³íòåãðîâàí³ â ÐÏÕ; ÂÀÕ öèõ ÄÊ áåç òà ï³ä 䳺þ çîâí³øíüîãî ÍÂ× îïðîì³íåííÿ; ïàðàìåòð³â ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî, ùî âèíèêàþòü íà ÂÀÕ ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ;
Ðîçðîáêà åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷íî¿ ñèñòåìè çáóäæåííÿ ËË ÄÊ íà îñíîâ³ ÐÏÕ, ïîºäíàíèõ ïîñë³äîâíî ïî ïîñò³éíîìó òà ïàðàëåëüíî ïî ÍÂ× ñòðóìàì. Äîñë³äæåííÿ ÐÏÕ ó õâèëåâîä³, â òîìó ÷èñë³ ïðè íàÿâíîñò³ íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé, ïîâ'ÿçàíèõ ç âêëþ÷åííÿì ËË ÄÊ;
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíå çíàõîäæåííÿ óìîâ îïòèì³çàö³¿ âçàºìî䳿 ËË ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíîãî ó ÐÏÕ ³ç çîâí³øí³ì ÍÂ× ïîëåì îñíîâíîãî ìîäà êîëèâàíü Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó.
Äîñë³äæåííÿ ÂÀÕ ÄÊ áåç òà ï³ä 䳺þ çîâí³øíüîãî ÍÂ× îïðîì³íåííÿ òà âèì³ðþâàííÿ ïàðàìåòð³â ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî, ùî âèíèêàþòü íà ¿õ ÂÀÕ.
Äîñë³äæåííÿ ìîæëèâîñò³ ñòâîðåííÿ ïåðâèííèõ ðîáî÷èõ ñòàíäàðò³â íàïðóãè íà îñíîâ³ ËË ÄÊ, ïîºäíàíèõ ïîñë³äîâíî ïî ïîñò³éíîìó òà ïàðàëåëüíî ïî ÍÂ× ñòðóìàì.
Îá'ºêò äîñë³äæåííÿ - ñèìåòðè÷í³ ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷í³ ÄÊ, ùî ³íòåãðîâàí³ â ÐÏÕ.
Ïðåäìåò äîñë³äæåííÿ - ñòàòè÷í³ òà äèíàì³÷í³ ÂÀÕ ÄÊ ï³ä 䳺þ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ ïîë³â, à òàêîæ çâîðîòí³é âïëèâ öèõ êîíòàêò³â íà ì³êðîõâèëüîâ³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ÐÏÕ.
Ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ: Ìåòîä îá'ºìíîãî ðåçîíàòîðà - ïðè àòåñòàö³¿ òà ïåðåâ³ðö³ ðåçóëüòàò³â âèì³ðþâàíü çà ðîçâèíóòèìè ìåòîäèêàìè åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ äîñë³äæåíü ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé òîíêèõ ìåòàëåâèõ ³ ÂÒÍÏ ïë³âîê. Ìåòîä íà ïðîõîäæåííÿ ñèãíàëó ÷åðåç äîñë³äæóâàíèé çðàçîê - ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé ÐÏÕ òà ËË ÄÊ âêëþ÷åíîãî ó íüîãî. Ìåòîä ðåôëåêòîìåò𳿠- ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ ì³êðîõâèëüîâèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé ÐÏÕ òà ËË ÄÊ âêëþ÷åíîãî ó íüîãî. Ìåòîä çîíäó - ïðè âèì³ðþâàíí³ ðîçïîä³ëó ïîë³â â ÐÏÕ òà éîãî òîïîëîã³é ç³ ñôîðìîâàíèì ËË ÄÊ. Ìåòîä ÷îòèðüîõ çîíä³â - ïðè âèì³ðþâàíí³ ÂÀÕ îêðåìîãî òà ËË ÄÊ âêëþ÷åíîãî ó ÐÏÕ. Ìåòîä òåðìîåëåêòðîííîãî ïåðåòâîðåííÿ - ïðè âèì³ðþâàíí³ àáñîëþòíèõ çíà÷åíü ÍÂ× ïîòóæíîñò³, ùî 䳺 íà ÄÊ.
Íàóêîâà íîâèçíà îäåðæàíèõ ðåçóëüòàò³â ïîëÿãຠâ òîìó, ùî â ðîáîò³ âïåðøå:
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî âñòàíîâëåí³ îïòèìàëüí³ óìîâè çáóäæåííÿ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó êîëèâàíü ó íàï³âõâèëüîâîìó òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâîìó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ ç ìåòàëåâîþ àáî íàäïðîâ³äíîþ ïîâåðõíåþ;
Ðîçðîáëåíî íîâó åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷íó ñèñòåìó çáóäæåííÿ ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â ó ïðÿìîêóòíèõ õâèëåâîäàõ íà îñíîâ³ ðåçîíàòîðà ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ òà òîïîëîã³þ ïîáóäîâè íà ¿õ îñíîâ³ ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà â ÿêîìó âîíè ïîºäíàí³ ïîñë³äîâíî ïî ïîñò³éíîìó òà ïàðàëåëüíî ïî çì³ííîìó ñòðóìàì;
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî âñòàíîâëåíî ðîçïîä³ë ïîë³â ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³, â éîãî òîïîëîã³ÿõ, çîêðåìà íàä ñôîðìîâàíèì ë³í³éíèì ëàíöþæêîì äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â.
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî äîñë³äæåí³ ñòàòè÷í³ òà äèíàì³÷í³ ÂÀÕ ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà ç ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèìè äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèìè êîíòàêòàìè, ùî âêëþ÷åíèé ó ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ òà âïëèâ íà íèõ çîâí³øíüîãî åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî ñèãíàëó;
Çíàéäåíî îïòèìàëüí³ óìîâè äëÿ îòðèìàííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíèõ çà àìïë³òóäîþ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî íà ÂÀÕ îêðåìîãî òà ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â ç ð³çíèì ñòóïåíåì ¿õ ³íòåãðàö³¿ ó ðåçîíàòîð³ ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³. Äîñÿãíóòî íàïðóãó 30 ì íà ïåðø³é ñóìàðí³é ñõîäèíö³ ñòðóìó íà ÂÀÕ ë³í³éíîãî ëàíöþæêà ç 450 êîíòàêò³â.
Âñòàíîâëåíî ùî, êðèòåð³ºì ñèíõðîííî¿ ðîáîòè ÂÒÍÏ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â ó ë³í³éíîìó ëàíöþæêó, ùî ³íòåãðîâàíèé ó ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ º ðîçêèä ¿õ êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â ÄÊ (? 40 %) òà äîñë³äæåíî âïëèâ öüîãî ðîçêèäó íà êðóòèçíó ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî.
Çàïðîïîíîâàíî ìåòîäèêó äîñë³äæåíü çà äîïîìîãîþ íàï³âõâèëüîâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâîãî ÐÏÕ ÿêîñò³ òîíêèõ ìåòàëåâèõ òà íàäïðîâ³äíèõ ïë³âîê, òîïîëîã³é íà ¿õ îñíîâ³, à òàêîæ âêëþ÷åíèõ â ö³ ðåçîíàòîðè ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ íà îñíîâ³ ÂÒÍÏ.
Ïðàêòè÷íå çíà÷åííÿ îäåðæàíèõ ðåçóëüòàò³â ïîëÿãຠâ òîìó, ùî ðîçðîáëåíî íîâèé òèï ÍÂ× ðåçîíàòîðà - ÐÏÕ, ÿêèé ìîæå áóòè âèêîðèñòàíèé ÿê îñíîâà ïîáóäîâè ÍÂ× ïðèñòðî¿â. Âèçíà÷åí³ îïòèìàëüí³ óìîâè çáóäæåííÿ ÐÏÕ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó. Ðîçðîáëåíî òîïîëî㳿 âêëþ÷åííÿ ëàíöþæêà ÄÊ ïîñë³äîâíî âêëþ÷åíèõ ïî ïîñò³éíîìó òà ïàðàëåëüíî ïî ÍÂ× ñòðóìàì ó ÐÏÕ. Ïîêàçàíî ìîæëèâ³ñòü çàñòîñóâàííÿ âçàºìíî¿ ñèíõðîí³çàö³¿ ìàñèâó ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ äëÿ ñòâîðåííÿ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ ñòàíäàðò³â íàïðóãè.
Îñîáèñòèé âíåñîê çäîáóâà÷à. Âèêîíàííÿ âñ³õ îïèñàíèõ â ðîáîò³ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ äîñë³äæåíü: îïòèìàëüíèõ óìîâ çáóäæåííÿ ÐÏÕ ç ìåòàëåâîþ àáî íàäïðîâ³äíîþ ïîâåðõíåþ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó; ðîçïîä³ëó ïîë³â ó ÐÏÕ òà â òîïîëîã³ÿõ ç³ ñôîðìîâàíèì ËË ÄÊ âêëþ÷åíèì ó íüîãî, ùî ðîçòàøîâàíèé â ïðÿìîêóòíîìó õâèëåâîä³; ïî çíàõîäæåííþ åìï³ðè÷íèõ âèðàç³â äëÿ íàáëèæåíî¿ îö³íêè ÿêîñò³ ñôîðìîâàíèõ íà ïîâåðõí³ ÐÏÕ òîïîëîã³é; ÂÀÕ ËË á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíîãî ó íàï³âõâèëüîâèé òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâèé ÐÏÕ; íåîáõ³äíèõ óìîâ äëÿ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíîãî ñïîñòåðåæåííÿ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî â ì³êðîêð³îãåíí³é ñèñòåì³ çàìêíåíîãî öèêëó; ñòàòè÷íèõ òà äèíàì³÷íèõ ÂÀÕ ËË, ùî ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ç ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíèõ ó íàï³âõâèëüîâèé àáî ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâèé ÐÏÕ; âïëèâó çîâí³øíüîãî åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî ñèãíàëó íà ÂÀÕ ËË ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíîãî â íàï³âõâèëüîâèé òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâèé ÐÏÕ; îïòèìàëüíèõ óìîâ îòðèìàííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíèõ çà àìïë³òóäîþ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî; êðèòåð³þ òåõíîëîã³÷íîãî ðîçêèäó êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â ÄÊ äëÿ ¿õ ñèíõðîííî¿ ðîáîòè ó ËË ³íòåãðîâàíîìó â ÐÏÕ; ïî âèçíà÷åííþ âåëè÷èíè íàõèëó ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî â³ä ðîçêèäó êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â.
Àïðîáàö³ÿ ðåçóëüòàò³â äèñåðòàö³¿. Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ áóëè îïðèëþäíåí³ íà ²²² International Symposium “Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Waves”, (Kharkov, 1998 Ukraine); XI Trilateral German /Russian/Ukrainian Seminar on HTS (Gottingen, 1998, Germany); XXII International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (Helsinki, 1999, Finland); 4th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (Barselona, 1999, Spain); XII Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity (Kiev, 1999, Ukraine); VI Symposium on High-Te-mperature Superconductors in High-Frecuncy Fields (Capri, Naples, 2000, ITALY); II ðîññèéñêî-óêðàèíñêèé ñåìèíàð “Íàíîôèçèêà è íàíîýëåêòðîíèêà”, (Êèåâ, 2000, Óêðàèíà); X²V Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature
Superconductivity, Russia); 8th Internatinal Superconductive Electronics Conference, (Osaka, 2001, Japan); 5th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (Lyngby/Copenhagen, 2001, Denmark); XXII² International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (Hiroshima, 2002, Japan).
Ïóáë³êàö³¿. Çà ìàòåð³àëàìè äèñåðòàö³¿ îïóáë³êîâàíî 33 ðîáîòè ó â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ òà çàêîðäîííèõ âèäàííÿõ: 10 ñòàòåé, 22 ìàòåð³àë³â òà òåç êîíôåðåíö³é, 1 àâòîðñüêå ñâ³äîöòâî. Ñåðåä íèõ ñòàòò³ â æóðíàëàõ “Journal of Superconductivity”, “PHYSICA B”, “IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONCTIVITY”, “J. Phys. IV France”, “³ñíèê Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó, ñåð³ÿ “Ðàä³îô³çèêà òà åëåêòðîí³êà” “³ñíèê Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó, ñåð³ÿ “Ô³ç-ìàò íàóêè”, “PHYSICA Ñ”.
Ñòðóêòóðà òà îáñÿã äèñåðòàö³¿. Äèñåðòàö³ÿ ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ç³ âñòóïó, ï'ÿòè ðîçä³ë³â, âèñíîâê³â ³ ñïèñêó âèêîðèñòàíèõ äæåðåë, ùî ì³ñòèòü 157 ïîñèëàíü. Ðîáîòà ³ëþñòðîâàíà 73 ðèñóíêàìè ³ ìຠçàãàëüíèé îáñÿã 169 ñòîð³íîê.
ÎÑÍÎÂÍÈÉ Ç̲ÑÒ ÐÎÁÎÒÈ
Ó âñòóï³ îá´ðóíòîâàíî àêòóàëüí³ñòü òåìè, âêàçàíî çâ'ÿçîê ðîáîòè ç íàóêîâèìè ïðîãðàìàìè, ïëàíàìè òà òåìàìè, ñôîðìîâàíî ìåòó ³ çàäà÷³ äîñë³äæåííÿ, âèêëàäåíî íàóêîâó íîâèçíó òà ïðàêòè÷íó ö³íí³ñòü ðåçóëüòàò³â, â³äîáðàæåíî îñîáèñòèé âíåñîê àâòîðà, àïðîáàö³þ ðåçóëüòàò³â òà âêàçàíî ê³ëüê³ñòü ïóáë³êàö³é çà òåìîþ äèñåðòàö³¿.
Ó ïåðøîìó ðîçä³ë³ âèêëàäåíî îñíîâí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ÏÅÌÕ, ÄÊ òà îñíîâí³ ïðîáëåìè ñòâîðåííÿ ïðèëàä³â ÍÂ× åëåêòðîí³êè íà ÂÒÍÏ ÄÊ. Ðîçãëÿíóòî ñó÷àñíèé ñòàí ïîáóäîâè ÄÊ, îñíîâí³ ìåòîäè ïåðåòâîðåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ, åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷í³ ñèñòåìè çáóäæåííÿ òà øëÿõè ¿õ îïòèì³çàö³¿.
Ó äðóãîìó ðîçä³ë³ íàâåäåíî îïèñ ðîçâèíóòèõ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ ìåòîäèê ³ óñòàíîâîê, ùî áóëè ñòâîðåí³ íà ¿õ îñíîâ³ òà ñïåö³àëüíèõ âèì³ðþâàëüíèõ ñåêö³é äëÿ äîñë³äæåííÿ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé çðàçê³â, ùî äîëàäæóâàëèñÿ.
Äëÿ ñòâîðåííÿ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ çðàçê³â âèêîðèñòîâóâàëèñÿ íàäïðîâ³äí³ (YBa2Cu3O7-y) àáî ìåòàëåâ³ (Ñu, Ag, Au, Al) òîíê³ ïë³âêè ç ðîçì³ðîì ~1010 ìì2, ùî îñàäæåí³ íà ä³åëåêòðè÷í³ ï³äêëàäåíêè (YSZ) ìåòîäàìè ëàçåðíîãî îñàäæåííÿ. Ç öèõ çðàçê³â âèãîòîâëÿëè ÐÏÕ, ðîçì³ðè ÿêèõ âèçíà÷àëèñü ðåçîíàíñíîþ ÷àñòîòîþ f0 éîãî îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè. ϳñëÿ öüîãî â³äáóâàëîñÿ âèãîòîâëåííÿ òà âèì³ðþâàííÿ àíàëîã³÷íèì ÷èíîì ÐÏÕ, ùî ìàâ ïî öåíòðó ðåçîíàòîðó á³êðèñòàë³÷íó ãðàíèöþ (ÁÃ). Òîâùèíà ïë³âêè ÂÒÍÏ ñêëàäàëà 0,2÷0,35 ìêì. Êóò ðàçîð³ºíòàö³¿ ì³æ êðèñòàëîãðàô³÷íèìè â³ñÿìè Áà çíàõîäèâñÿ â ìåæàõ 18 ÷ 20 ãðàäóñ³â, ùî äîçâîëèëî ðåàë³çóâàòè ÄÊ ç âåëè÷èíîþ êðèòè÷íîãî ñòðóìó ²0?10 ìÀ.
Äëÿ îõîëîäæåííÿ çðàçê³â âèêîðèñòîâóâàëàñÿ àâòîíîìíà ì³êðîêð³îãåííà ñèñòåìà çàìêíåíîãî öèêëó (ÌÊÑ), ùî ïðàöþº çà äâîõñòóïåíåâîþ ñõåìîþ Äæèôîðäà - Ìàê-Ìàãîíà.  ÿêîñò³ êð³îàãåíòà âèêîðèñòîâóâàâñÿ ãåë³é. Çðàçêè ðîçì³ùóâàëèñÿ ó âèì³ðþâàëüíèõ ñåêö³ÿõ, ùî ðîçòàøîâóâàëàñÿ âñåðåäèí³ âàêóóìíî¿ êàìåðè ÌÊÑ.  ïðîöåñ³ äîñë³äæåíü áóëî âèêîðèñòàíî äåê³ëüêà âèì³ðþâàëüíèõ ñåêö³é. Êîæíà ç íèõ áóëà ïðèñòîñîâàíà äëÿ âèð³øåííÿ êîíêðåòíî¿ çàäà÷³. Öÿ êð³îãåííà ñèñòåìà ìàëà ñèñòåìè ñïåö³àëüíèõ åêðàí³â äëÿ çìåíøåííÿ çîâí³øíüîãî
òåïëîïðèòîêó, ùî äîçâîëèëî ïðîâîäèòè âèì³ðþâàííÿ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé íàäïðîâ³äíèõ ³ ìåòàëåâèõ ÐÏÕ, ËË ÄÊ ó øèðîêîìó ä³àïàçîí³ òåìïåðàòóð â³ä 16 Ê äî 300 Ê çà óìîâ âèñîêîãî âàêóóìó (10-6 ìì ðò. ñò.) ç òî÷í³ñòþ âèì³ðþâàíü òåìïåðàòóðè çðàçê³â ñÿãàëà ~10-3 Ê òà òåðìîñòàá³ë³çàö³ºþ íå ã³ðøå ±10-3 Ê.
Ìåòîäèêà âèì³ðþâàíü çà äîïîìîãîþ îá'ºìíîãî ðåçîíàòîðà àáñîëþòíèõ çíà÷åíü ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó RS òà â³äíîñíèõ âåëè÷èí ïîâåðõíåâîãî ðåàêòàíñó ÕS ïë³âîê äîçâîëÿëà ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì öèõ âèì³ð³â ïîð³âíþâàòè îòðèìàíí³ äàíí³ ç ðåçóëüòàòàìè âèì³ð³â äîáðîòíîñò³ ðåçîíàòîð³â îòðèìàíèõ çà ìåòîäèêîþ ÐÏÕ òà îïòèì³çóâàòè îñòàííþ. Äëÿ çáóäæåííÿ êîëèâàíü ó îá'ºìíîìó ðåçîíàòîð³ áóëà âèêîðèñòàíà ìîäà Í011. Îñíîâíà ïåðåâàãà ÿêî¿ ïîëÿãຠâ àêñ³àëüí³é ñèìåò𳿠ñòðóì³â, òîáòî ó â³äñóòíîñò³ ñêëàäîâèõ ñòðóìó, ùî ïåðåòèíàþòü ãðàíèöþ öèë³íäðè÷íî¿ ïîâåðõí³ ç ïëîñêèìè îñíîâàìè. Äëÿ äîñÿãíåííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíî¿ âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ Q0 êîëèâàíü ìîäè Í011 ó ïóñòîò³ëîìó îá'ºìíîìó ðåçîíàòîð³ öèë³íäðè÷íî¿ ôîðìè âèêîíóâàëîñÿ ñï³ââ³äíîøåííÿ ì³æ âèñîòîþ öèë³íäðà h òà éîãî ä³àìåòðîì Ø: h/ؘ2/3. Äëÿ çá³ëüøåííÿ ÷óòëèâîñò³ âèì³ð³â ïîâåðõíåâîãî ³ìïåäàíñó ZS áóëî çàñòîñîâàíî ìåòîä ñèíõðîííîãî äåòåêòóâàííÿ. Ïðîöåñ âèì³ðþâàííÿ çâîäèâñÿ äî äîñÿãíåííÿ ñï³âïàäàííÿ ÷àñòîòè ãåíåðàòîðà ÍÂ× ç ðåçîíàíñíîþ ÷àñòîòîþ f0 îá'ºìíîìó ðåçîíàòîð³ â ðåæèì³ “-3 dB” òà äî çíàõîäæåííÿ çíà÷åíü íàï³âøèðèí ðåçîíàíñ³â f1 òà f2 â ðåæèì³ “0 dB” ïðè íåçì³ííèõ çíà÷åííÿõ ÍÂ× ïîòóæíîñò³. Äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ òî÷íîñò³ âèì³ð³â áóëî âèêîðèñòàíî ñèñòåìè àâòîìàòè÷íîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ ïîòóæí³ñòþ òà ï³äñòðîþâàííÿ ÷àñòîòè ÍÂ× ñèãíàëó. Íåäîë³êîì ö³º¿ ìåòîäèêè ìîæíà ââàæàòè ìîæëèâ³ñòü âèì³ðþâàííÿ çíà÷åíü ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó ç ïîõèáêîþ ? 10 % ëèøå â ìåæàõ 0,1RS?RS?100RS.
Ñïîñ³á çáóäæåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ ó ðåçîíàíñíèõ ñòðóêòóðàõ, ùî ðîçì³ùåí³ ó õâèëåâ³äíèõ ë³í³ÿõ ïåðåäà÷³ âèçíà÷ຠìåòîäèêè äîñë³äæåííÿ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé ÐÏÕ. Äëÿ âèð³øåííÿ ïîñòàâëåíî¿ çàäà÷³ îáìåæèëèñÿ âèêîðèñòàííÿì ëèøå îñíîâíèõ ìåòîäèê âèì³ðþâàíü: ïî ïðîõîäæåííþ ÍÂ× ñèãíàëó êð³çü ÐÏÕ, â³äáèòòþ ñèãíàëó â³ä íüîãî òà ðîçïîä³ëó ïîë³â â íüîìó. Çà âåëè÷èíîþ âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ Q0 ÐÏÕ âèçíà÷åíîþ ïî âèùå çàçíà÷åíèì ìåòîäèêàì ìîæëèâî çíàéòè âåëè÷èíó ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó RS éîãî ïë³âêè Çâ³äñè ñòຠî÷åâèäíèì ìîæëèâ³ñòü ñòâîðåííÿ ìåòîäèêè âèçíà÷åííÿ ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó RS ïë³âîê ÐÏÕ. Çàñòîñóâàííÿ òàêî¿ ìåòîäèêè ñòຠâàæëèâèì ïðè ñòâîðåíí³ òåõíîëîã³÷íîãî öèêëó âèãîòîâëåííÿ ïðèñòðî¿â íà îñíîâ³ ÐÏÕ, îñîáëèâî â ì³ë³ìåòðîâîìó òà ñóáì³ë³ìåòðîâîìó ä³àïàçîí³ äîâæèí õâèëü. Àëå íà â³äì³íó â³ä ìåòîäèêè âèì³ðþâàííÿ RS çà äîïîìîãîþ îá'ºìíîãî ðåçîíàòîðà òðåáà âðàõîâóâàòè, ùî Q0 ÐÏÕ çàëåæèòü òàêîæ â³ä ä³åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ïðîíèêëèâîñò³ å, âòðàò tgä òà îá'ºìó ï³äêëàäêè íà ÿêó íàïîðîøåíà ïë³âêà, à òàêîæ â³ä óìîâ çáóäæåííÿ ðåçîíàòîðà òà â³äñòàíåé äî ñò³íîê õâèëåâîäó. Ö³ ïàðàìåòðè äëÿ äîñë³äæóâàíîãî çðàçêà º êîíñòàíòàìè òà âõîäÿòü â ãåîìåòðè÷íèé ôàêòîð G, ÿê³ ëåãêî âèçíà÷èòè ç âèì³ðþâàíü éîãî ì³äíîãî àíàëîãà. Ïðè÷îìó, â õîä³ ðîçðîáêè òåõíîëîã³÷íîãî ïðîöåñó ñòâîðåííÿ ïðèñòðî¿â íà îñíîâ³ ÐÏÕ âèãîòîâëåííÿ öèõ àíàëîã³â º ö³ëêîì çàêîíîì³ðíèì. Íà â³äì³íó â³ä ìåòîäèêè âèì³ðþâàííÿ RS çà äîïîìîãîþ îá'ºìíîãî ðåçîíàòîðà, çàïðîïîíîâàíà ìåòîäèêà ìîæå áóòè çàñòîñîâàíà íà ê³ëüêîõ åòàïàõ òåõíîëîã³÷íîãî öèêëó ñòâîðåííÿ ïðèñòðî¿â íà îñíîâ³ ÐÏÕ, íàïðèêëàä, ï³ñëÿ ôîðìóâàííÿ íà éîãî ïîâåðõí³
íåîáõ³äíî¿ òîïîëî㳿. Íåäîë³êîì öüîãî ìåòîäó º ñêëàäí³ñòü ðîçðàõóíêó ôàêòîðó G, òàê ÿê íà â³äì³íó â³ä çàêðèòîãî ðåçîíàòîðà òåïåð òðåáà âðàõîâóâàòè òàêîæ âïëèâ îòî÷óþ÷îãî ñåðåäîâèùà, òîìó ùî ïîëå ÐÏÕ âèõîäèòü çà éîãî ãåîìåòðè÷í³ ìåæ³.
Äëÿ âèì³ðþâàíü ÂÀÕ áóëî çàñòîñîâàíî ÷îòèðüîõçîíäîâèé ìåòîä. Äëÿ éîãî ðåàë³çàö³¿ òà âðàõóâàííÿ îñîáëèâîñòåé ðîáîòè ÄÊ áóëî ðîçðîáëåíî ïðèñòð³é. Ç éîãî äîïîìîãîþ ðåºñòðóâàëèñÿ ñõîäèíêè ñòðóìó íà ÂÀÕ ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíèõ â ÐÏÕ Âåëè÷èíà àìïë³òóäè ñõîäèíîê ñòðóìó âèì³ðþâàëàñÿ íà ð³âí³ â³äõèëåííÿ ± 1 ìê â³ä ñõîäèíêè ñòðóìó. Âèì³ðþâàííÿ àáñîëþòíèõ çíà÷åíü ÍÂ× ïîòóæíîñò³ îïðîì³íåííÿ ËË ÄÊ ³íòåãðîâàíîãî â ÐÏÕ çä³éñíþâàëîñÿ òåðì³ñòîðíîþ õâèëåâ³äíîþ ãîëîâêîþ òåðìîåëåêòðîíèì ìåòîäîì. Âåëè÷èíà ïîòóæíîñò³ ÍÂ× ñèãíàëó ³ç çîâí³øíüîãî ãåíåðàòîðà, ùî îïðîì³íþâàâ ö³ ÄÊ ðåãóëþâàëàñÿ ïîëÿðèçàö³éíèì àòåíþàòîðîì
Ó òðåòüîìó ðîçä³ë³ âèêëàäåíî íàáëèæåíó ô³çè÷íó òåîð³þ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ â ïë³âêàõ ÂÒÍÏ. Íà îñíîâ³ öüîãî ðîçðîáëåíî íîâèé êëàñ ÍÂ× ðåçîíàòîð³â - ÐÏÕ. Äîñë³äæåíî îñíîâí³ ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñò³ íàï³âõâèëåâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ÐÏÕ. Äëÿ íàáëèæåíîãî âèçíà÷åííÿ âëàñíèõ ÷àñòîò öèõ ðåçîíàòîð³â çà äîïîìîãîþ îäíîõâèëåâîãî íàáëèæåííÿ ðîçãëÿíóòî ïðîñòó ïëîñêîïàðàëåëüíó ë³í³þ ïåðåäà÷³, äå ðîçïîâñþäæóºòüñÿ ÏÅÌÕ. Ðåçîíàíñí³ äîâæèíè õâèë³ öèõ ÐÏÕ ìîæóòü ïîì³òíî â³äð³çíÿòèñÿ â³ä çíà÷åíü ðåçîíàíñíî¿ äîâæèíè õâèë³ â ³äåàëüíèõ ðåçîíàòîðàõ çàâäÿêè åôåêòàì âèõîäó ïîëÿ çà ìåæ³ ðåçîíàòîðó ÷åðåç éîãî òîðö³. Âëàñíà äîáðîòí³ñòü ÐÏÕ âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ÿê³ñòþ éîãî ïë³âêè òà ïîëîæåííÿì ðåçîíàòîðà ó õâèëåâîä³. Ïîêàçàíî ìîæëèâ³ñòü âèêîðèñòàííÿ ÐÏÕ äëÿ âèì³ðþâàíü ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó ïë³âîê â³äíîñíî âèì³ð³â öüîãî îïîðó çà äîïîìîãîþ îá'ºìíîãî ðåçîíàòîðó. Ïîêàçàíî, ùî ïë³âêè YBCO íà ï³äêëàäèíö³ YSZ ìàþòü âèñîêó ÿê³ñòü. Âåëè÷èíè çíà÷åíü ¿õ ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó RS òà ãëèáèíè ïðîíèêíåííÿ çíàõîäèòüñÿ íà ð³âí³ íàéêðàùèõ, â³äîìèõ ç ë³òåðàòóðè, çíà÷åíü ïîâåðõíåâîãî îïîðó. Çàëèøêîâèé îï³ð ìຠêâàäðàòè÷íó çàëåæí³ñòü â³ä ÷àñòîòè Òîíê³ ïë³âêè ÂÒÍÏ (YBCO), ùî âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ó ì³êðîõâèëüîâèõ ïðèëàäàõ, çàçâè÷àé âêðèò³ òîíêèì øàðîì ìåòàëó äëÿ çàõèñòó YBCO â³ä øê³äëèâîãî âïëèâó íàâêîëèøíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà òà îòðèìàííÿ áåçã³ñòåðåçèñíèõ ÂÀÕ ÄÊ. Òîìó áóëî äîñë³äæåíî âïëèâ òîâùèíè ïîêðèòòÿ øàðîì ìåòàëó íà RS ÂÒÍÏ ïë³âîê òà çíàéäåíî îïòèìàëüíó òîâùèíó ïîêðèòòÿ äëÿ çáåðåæåííÿ âèñîêèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé ïë³âêè ÂÒÍÏ (Au~200 íì).
Äîñë³äæåíî ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñò³ íàï³âõâèëåâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ÐÏÕ â çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä éîãî ïîëîæåííÿ â ñòàíäàðòíîìó ïðÿìîêóòíîìó õâèëåâîä³. Çàãàëüíèé âèãëÿä ÐÏÕ ó õâèëåâîä³ ïîêàçàíî, ùî öåé ðåçîíàòîð, â çàãàëüíîìó âèïàäêó, ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ç ìåòàëåâî¿ àáî ÂÒÍÏ ïë³âêè òà äâîõ ä³åëåêòðè÷íèõ ïëàñòèí. Îäí³ºþ ç ïëàñòèí ìîæå áóòè ï³äêëàäêà ïë³âêè ÂÒÍÏ. Äîâæèíà ðåçîíàòîðà (óçäîâæ îñ³ ó) - l, øèðèíà (âçäîâæ z) - w, òîâùèíè ä³åëåêòðèê³â d1 ³ d2, ä³åëåêòðè÷í³ ïðîíèêíîñò³ å1 ³ å2 â³äïîâ³äíî. Ïðèïóñêàëîñü, ùî òîâùèíà ïë³âêè dì<<d1, d2, l, w. Ðîçì³ðè õâèëåâîäó a×b, a Ë1, Ë2- â³äñòàí³ â³ä ðåçîíàòîðà äî øèðîêèõ ñò³íîê õâèëåâîäó. Ñïåêòð êîëèâàíü ÐÏÕ â çàëåæíîñò³ w ïðåäñòàâëåíî . Ç íüîãî âèäíî, ùî ³ñíóþòü äâà òèïè êîëèâàíü, êîæåí ç ÿêèõ çàëåæèòü â³ä âåëè÷èíè l (çàôàðáîâàí³ êðàïêè) àáî w (íå çàôàðáîâàí³ êðàïêè). Ó ïåðøîìó âèïàäêó åëåêòðè÷í³ ñòðóìè ó ÐÏÕ òå÷óòü âçäîâæ l, à â äðóãîìó - âçäîâæ w. Ìîäà ² ïðè ìàëèõ w ñòຠíèæíüîþ ìîäîþ ÐÏÕ, òîìó â ïîäàëüøîìó, ìè áóäèìî íàçèâàòè ¿¿ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ ÐÏÕ. ßê âèäíî ç öÿ ìîäà ïðè w>ë ïðàêòè÷íî íå çì³íþº ñâîþ ðåçîíàíñíó ÷àñòîòó. Åëåêòðè÷í³ ñòðóìè êîëèâàíü ² ïðîò³êàþòü âçäîâæ â³ñ³ y, ³ º êâàç³îäíîð³äíèìè ïî z.
ßêùî Áà ïàðàëåëüíà â³ñ³ z òà çíàõîäèòüñÿ ó öåíòð³ ÐÏÕ, òî ÷åðåç íå¿, à òàêîæ ³ ÷åðåç ÄÊ, ÿê³ âîíà óòâîðþº áóäå ïðîò³êàòè ìàêñèìàëüíèé ÍÂ× ñòðóì, íàïðàâëåíèé âçäîâæ â³ñ³ y. Íà ïîêàçàíà êâàç³îäíîð³äí³ñòü ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â, ùî òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ðåçîíóþ÷îãî ðîçì³ðó l îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³ (?4 %). Öå âàæëèâî, ç òî÷êè çîðó ñèíõðîííî¿ ðîáîòè ÄÊ. Çðîçóì³ëî, ùî ïðè ðîçì³ùåíí³ âåëèêî¿ ê³ëüêîñò³ ÄÊ, ðîçòàøîâàíèõ âçäîâæ â³ñ³ z, ðîçì³ð w ïîâèíåí çá³ëüøèòèñÿ. Ïðè öüîìó ê³ëüê³ñòü âëàñíèõ òèï³â êîëèâàíü, ùî ïîòðàïëÿþòü ó ðîáî÷ó ñìóãó ÷àñòîò, òåæ ïîâèííî çá³ëüøèòèñÿ. Äîáðîòí³ñòü ÐÏÕ âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ÿê³ñòþ ïë³âêè òà ä³åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ï³äêëàäèíêè, à òàêîæ ïîëîæåííÿì ¿õ â õâèëåâîä³. Íàÿâí³ñòü ï³äêëàäèíîê ó ñòðóêòóð³ ÐÏÕ ïðèçâîäÿòü äî çìåíøåííÿ éîãî ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè f0 (=15÷20 %), ùî äîçâîëÿº ðåãóëþâàòè íàïðóãó íà ñõîäèíêàõ Øàï³ðî ÂÀÕ ÄÊ çã³äíî äæîçåôñîí³âñüêîìó ñï³ââ³äíîøåííþ òà ìîæëèâîñò³ çá³ëüøåííÿ âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ ðåçîíàòîðà Q0 (=20÷200 %), ùî äîçâîëèòü ï³äâèùèòè ÷óòëèâ³ñòü ÄÊ äî çîâí³øíüîãî ÍÂ× îïðîì³íåííÿ. Êîåô³ö³ºíò ïåðåòâîðåííÿ îá'ºìíî¿ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíî¿ õâèë³ â ÏÅÌÕ îáóìîâëþºòüñÿ óìîâàìè çáóäæåííÿ, ÿêèé âèçíà÷àþòüñÿ çâ'ÿçêîì ÐÏÕ ç îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ êîëèâàííÿ ïðÿìîêóòíîãî õâèëåâîäó Í10. Öåé çâ'ÿçîê âèçíà÷àþòüñÿ ì³ñöåì ðîçòàøóâàííÿ ÐÏÕ ó ïðÿìîêóòíîìó õâèëåâîä³ ³ êóòîì éîãî íàõèëó á â³äíîñíî øèðîêî¿ ñò³íêè õâèëåâîäó.
ßêùî ÐÏÕ ðîçòàøîâàíî ïàðàëåëüíî äî øèðîêî¿ ñò³íêè õâèëåâîäó - çâ'ÿçîê äîð³âíþº 0, à ïðè ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíîñò³ - â³í ìàêñèìàëüíèé. Çà óìîâ îïòèìàëüíîãî óçãîäæåííÿ ðåçîíàòîðà kc>min òà äîñÿãíåííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíîãî çíà÷åííÿ âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ Q0>max âèêîíóþòüñÿ óìîâè îïòèìàëüíîãî çáóäæåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ ó ÐÏÕ Óñå öå ñâ³ä÷èòü ïðî ïåðñïåêòèâí³ñòü âèêîðèñòàííÿ ìîäè ² ÐÏÕ äëÿ îïðîì³íåííÿ ëàíöþæêà ÄÊ. Îäåðæàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè ï³äòâåðäæóþòü ïåðñïåêòèâí³ñòü äîñë³äæóâàíî¿ ìåòîäèêè çáóäæåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ ó ÐÏÕ äëÿ ðîçðîáêè ïðàêòè÷íèõ êîíñòðóêö³é ÍÂ× ïðèñòðî¿â íàäïðîâ³äíèêîâî¿ ÍÂ× åëåêòðîí³êè òà ïåðñïåêòèâí³ñòü äîñë³äæóâàíèõ ìåòîäèê äëÿ âñòàíîâëåííÿ çâîðîòíüîãî çâ'ÿçêó ç òåõíîëî㳺þ ñèíòåçó ÂÒÍÏ ïë³âîê.
Ó ÷åòâåðòîìó ðîçä³ë³ âèêëàäåíî íàáëèæåíó ô³çè÷íó òåîð³þ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ â ïë³âêàõ ÂÒÍÏ ç íåîäíîð³äíîñòÿìè. Âèçíà÷åíî íåîáõ³äí³ óìîâè ïîáóäîâè ËË äëÿ âêëþ÷åííÿ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ.
Íåîáõ³äíèì íàñë³äêîì âêëþ÷åííÿ ËË ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ º ïîÿâà â îñòàííüîìó íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé. Íàïðèêëàä, çà ðàõóíîê ôîðìóâàííÿ ù³ëèí â ïë³âö³ íà ä³åëåêòðè÷í³é ï³äêëàäèíö³ ç ÁÃ. Ïðîâåäåíèé ïîïåðåäí³é àíàë³ç ³ñíóþ÷èõ òîïîëîã³é ËË ÄÊ ïîêàçàâ, ùî âîíè, â ö³ëîìó, ïîâèíí³ áàçóâàòèñü íà äâîõ îñíîâíèõ ãåîìåòð³ÿõ: ù³ëèíè ïîâçäîâæí³ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ; ù³ëèíè ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðí³ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ. Íà îñíîâ³ äèñïåðñ³éíîãî ñï³ââ³äíîøåííÿ äëÿ äçåðêàëüíîãî õâèëåâ³äó ç ù³ëèíàìè áóëî âèçíà÷åíî ñòàëó ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ òà çì³íó éîãî åôåêòèâíî¿ ä³åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ïðîíèêëèâîñò³ ååff. Çà äîïîìîãîþ îòðèìàíèõ àïðîêñèìîâàíèõ àíàë³òè÷íèõ âèðàç³â ïîêàçàíî, ùî â³äíîñíà çì³íà åôåêòèâíî¿ ä³åëåêòðè÷íî¿ ïðîíèêëèâîñò³ ååff äëÿ ïîâçäîâæí³õ ðîçð³ç³â äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ðåçîíàòîð³ å¦ áóäå ñêëàäàòè < 1 %, à äëÿ âèïàäêó ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â ÐÏÕ ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíî äî ðîçð³ç³â âæå ïðè 10 ðîçð³çàõ áóäå ñÿãàòè < 25 %. Çàïðîïîíîâàíî íàáëèæåíèé âèðàç äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ â³äíîñíî¿ ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè ÐÏÕ F0 ó çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä ê³ëüêîñò³ ðîçð³ç³â N òà ¿õ øèðèíè S.
Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüí³ äîñë³äæåííÿ íàï³âõâèëåâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ÐÏÕ ç íåîäíîð³äíîñòÿìè ïîêàçàëè ìîæëèâ³ñòü éîãî çàñòîñóâàííÿ â ÿêîñò³ çáóäæóþ÷î¿ åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷íî¿ ñèñòåìè äëÿ ËË ÄÊ âêëþ÷åíîãî â öåé ðåçîíàòîð. Íà ïðèêëàä³ ïîâåä³íêè òðüîõ îñíîâíèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñòåé îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàííÿ ÐÏÕ (â³äíîñí³ ðåçîíàíñíà ÷àñòîòà F0, âëàñíà äîáðîòí³ñòü q0 òà êîåô³ö³ºíò ñòîÿ÷î¿ õâèë³ ïî íàïðóç³ ku0) 8-ìì ä³àïàçîíó äîâæèí õâèëü â³ä íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé (ê³ëüê³ñòü ðîçð³ç³â N òà ¿õ øèðèíà S ó ïë³âö³ ÐÏÕ, ê³ëüê³ñòü çîâí³øí³õ ï³äâ³äíèõ äðîò³â äëÿ ïîäà÷³ ïîñò³éíî¿ çì³ùåííÿ íà ËË ÄÊ) ïîêàçàíî ïîä³áí³ñòü öèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé äëÿ îáîõ òèï³â ðåçîíàòîð³â.
Äëÿ 3-ñì ä³àïàçîíó äîâæèí õâèëü îòðèìàíî àíàëîã³÷í³ çàëåæíîñò³. Ðåçîíàíñíà ÷àñòîòà òà êîåô³ö³ºíò ñòîÿ÷î¿ õâèë³ ïî íàïðóç³ ku îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàííÿ ÐÏÕ ïðàêòè÷íî íå çì³íþþòüñÿ äëÿ âèïàäêó ðîçð³ç³â ïîâçäîâæí³õ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ (< 2 %), ³ íàâïàêè ñèëüíî çàëåæàòü äëÿ âèïàäêó ðîçð³ç³â ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíèõ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ (> 5 %). . Âëàñíà äîáðîòí³ñòü Q0 ÐÏÕ ç íåîäíîð³äíîñòÿìè âèõîäèòü íà ïîëèöþ ³ âæå íå çìåíøóºòüñÿ á³ëüø í³æ 20 % äëÿ âèïàäêó ðîçð³ç³â ïîâçäîâæí³õ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â â ðåçîíàòîð³, àëå ñèëüíî çàëåæàòü (> 50 %) äëÿ âèïàäêó ðîçð³ç³â ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíèõ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ. Çà ðàõóíîê çá³ëüøåíèõ âòðàò íà ñò³íêàõ õâèëåâîäó ó ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîìó ÐÏÕ ïî â³äíîøåííþ äî íàï³âõâèëåâîãî, âòðàòè ó ïåðøîìó ðåçîíàòîð³ â³ä íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé çìåíøóþòüñÿ íà 10÷20 %, ùî ïðàêòè÷íî çð³âíþº ïðè íàÿâíîñò³ íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñò³ îáîõ òèï³â ÐÏÕ
 ðåçóëüòàò³ îáðîáêè åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíèõ äàíèõ â³äíîñíî¿ âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ q0, îòðèìàíèõ ó øèðîê³é ñìóç³ ÷àñòîò çàïðîïîíîâàíî âèðàçè, ùî ìîæóòü áóòè âèêîðèñòàí³ äëÿ ÿê³ñíî¿ îö³íêè ¿¿ çì³íè â³ä ñòóïåí³ íåîäíîð³äíîñòåé. Êâàç³îäíîð³äí³ñòü ñòðóì³â, ÿê³ òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ðåçîíóþ÷îãî ðîçì³ðó l òà ñèìåòðè÷íèé ðîçïîä³ë ïîë³â îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³ çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ ó ÐÏÕ ç íåîäíîð³äíîñòÿìè. Ìàë³ ïîãîíí³ âòðàòè ÏÅÌÕ ïðè ðîçïîâñþäæåíí³ ó ÐÏÕ òà íåçíà÷íèé êîåô³ö³ºíò ïåðåòâîðåííÿ ÏÅÌÕ â îá'ºìíó õâèëþ â õâèëåâîä³ ðîáèòü öþ ðåçîíàíñíó ñèñòåìó ïðèâàáëèâîþ äëÿ ³íòåãðóâàííÿ âåëèêî¿ ê³ëüêîñò³ ÄÊ ó ÐÏÕ, êîëè êîæíèé îêðåìèé êîíòàêò áóäå çíàõîäèòèñü â îäíàêîâèõ óìîâàõ çáóäæåííÿ.
Ó ïÿòîìó ðîçä³ë³ äîñë³äæåí³ åëåêòðîô³çè÷í³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ÿê îêðåìèõ ÄÊ, òàê ³ ËË ÄÊ, ùî âêëþ÷åí³ â ÐÏÕ çà äîïîìîãîþ çàïðîïîíîâàíèõ â ðîáîò³ òîïîëîã³é. Ïîêàçàíî, ùî âñ³ ö³, çîêðåìà ïîâåä³íêà ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî íà ÂÀÕ, çàäîâ³ëüíî îïèñóþòüñÿ ðåçèñòèâíî-øóíòîâàíîþ ìîäåëëþ ÄÊ. Íåçâàæàþ÷è íà òåõíîëîã³÷íèé ðîçêèä ïàðàìåòð³â îêðåìèõ ÄÊ çàâäÿêè âèêîðèñòàííþ ÐÏÕ âäàëîñÿ äîìîãòèñÿ ïîÿâè íà ÂÀÕ ËË ÄÊ ñóìàðíèõ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî. Ïðèâåäåíà òèïîâà ÂÀÕ ËË ç 6 ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíèõ ó ÐÏÕ, ï³ä 䳺þ ð³çíèõ ïîòóæíîñòåé ÍÂ× ïðè ñï³âïàäàíí³ ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè ÐÏÕ f0(33,8 ÃÃö) ç ÷àñòîòîþ ñèãíàëó f=33,8 ÃÃö. Äîáðå âèäíî íàÿâí³ñòü äâîõ ïåðøèõ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî, ùî â³äïîâ³äàþòü ñèíõðîíí³é ðîáîò³ óñ³õ ÄÊ. Ñàìå â ðåçóëüòàò³ ñèíõðîí³çàö³¿ ñõîäèíêè, ùî â³äïîâ³äຠêîæíîìó îêðåìîìó ÄÊ (U~70 ìêÂ) íå ñïîñòåð³ãàþòüñÿ íà îòðèìàíèõ ÂÀÕ. Âæå ïðè ïîòóæíîñòÿ ÍÂ× îïðîì³íåííÿ Ð~70 ìêÂò íóëüîâà ñõîäèíêà ïðàêòè÷íî ïîäàâëÿºòüñÿ, à àìïë³òóäà ïåðøî¿ ñõîäèíêè ìàéæå äîñÿãຠâåëè÷èíè íåçáóäæåíî¿ ïåðøî¿ ñõîäèíêè ñòðóìó .
²ñíóþ÷à òåõíîëîã³ÿ âèãîòîâëåííÿ ïðèñòðî¿â ç ìàñèâàìè ÄÊ íà îñíîâ³ ÂÒÍÏ ìຠðîçêèä êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â, ùî äîñÿãàþòü 100 %. Âèêîðèñòàííÿ ÐÏÕ â ÿêîñò³ åëåêòðîäèíàì³÷íî¿ ñèñòåìè çáóäæåííÿ ËË ÄÊ ðîáèòü ìîæëèâèì âèêîðèñòàííÿ ÄÊ ç ðîçêèäîì öèõ ïàðàìåòð³â äî 40 %.
Êîåô³ö³ºíò ïåðåòâîðåííÿ ÷àñòîòà - íàïðóãà, çã³äíî ïîñò³éí³é Äæîçåôñîíà ?10-6 äëÿ äèíàì³÷íî¿ ÂÀÕ òà ?6*10-7 - äëÿ ñòàòè÷íî¿ ÂÀÕ. Ìàêñèìóìè òà ì³í³ìóìè ïàðíèõ òà íå ïàðíèõ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî ÷åðãóþòüñÿ ëèøå ó âèïàäêó ñï³âïàäàííÿ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêî¿î¿ òà ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè. Íàõèë íà ðîáî÷èõ ñõîäèíêàõ, âíàñë³äîê ìàëîãî ïàðàçèòíîãî îïîðó âèì³ðþâàëüíî¿ ñõåìè, çíà÷íî ìåíøèé ïîõèáêè âèì³ðþâàíü (< 10-6). Ó ïîð³âíÿí³ ç âèì³ðàìè íàõèëó íóëüîâîþ ñõîäèíêè ñòðóìó (êðèòè÷íèé ñòðóì ÄÊ) ìîæíà ñòâåðäæóâàòè ïðî â³äñóòí³ñòü íàõèëó â îáëàñò³ ïåðøî¿ ñõîäèíêè ñòðóìó îêðåìîãî ÄÊ, âêëþ÷åíîãî â ÐÏÕ. Àëå êóò íàõèëó íà ñõîäèíêàõ Øàï³ðî çðîñòຠïðè çá³ëüøåíí³ ñòóïåíÿ ³íòåãðàö³¿ ÄÊ â ÐÏÕ (Ðèñ. 10). Ïðè öüîìó äîñÿãàþòüñÿ íåîáõ³äí³ çíà÷åííÿ íàïðóãè äëÿ ïîáóäîâè ñòàíäàðò³â íàïðóãè. Òàê íà ëàíöþæêó ç 450 ÄÊ îòðèìàíî ñ³òêó åòàëîíèõ íàïðóã: 0 ìÂ, 10 ìÂ, 20 ìÂ, 30 ìÂ. Ìîæëèâ³ñòü ïåðåáóäîâè ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè ÐÏÕ (?30 %) çíà÷íî ïåðåêðèâຠðîçêèä äæîçåôñîí³âñüêî¿ ÷àñòîòè îêðåìèõ ÄÊ. Òîìó âëàñòèâîñò³ ÐÏÕ º âèçíà÷àëüíèìè äëÿ îòðèìàííÿ îïòèìàëüíèõ óìîâ çáóäæåííÿ ËË ÄÊ.
ÂÈÑÍÎÂÊÈ
ë³í³éíèé ëàíöþæîê ïîâåðõíåâèé åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèé
 äèñåðòàö³éí³é ðîáîò³ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî äîñë³äæåí³ ô³çè÷í³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ë³í³éíèõ ëàíöþæê³â (ËË) ñèìåòðè÷íèõ äæîçåôñîí³âñüêèõ êîíòàêò³â (ÄÊ), ùî óòâîðåí³ á³êðèñòàë³÷íîþ ãðàíèöåþ (ÁÃ) â ïë³âö³ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíîãî íàäïðîâ³äíèêà (ÂÒÍÏ). Äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ åôåêòèâíî¿ âçàºìî䳿 ËË ç ÍÂ× ïîëåì â³í áóâ ³íòåãðîâàíèé â ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ (ÐÏÕ).
Íà áàç³ ì³êðîêð³îãåííî¿ ñèñòåìè çàìêíåíîãî öèêëó áóëè ðîçðîáëåí³ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüí³ ìåòîäèêè òà ñòâîðåí³ åêñïåðèìåíòàëüí³ óñòàíîâêè äëÿ âèì³ðþâàííÿ: ïîâåðõíåâîãî ³ìïåäàíñó ó 2 - òà 4 - ìì ä³àïàçîíàõ äîâæèí õâèëü; âëàñíèõ ÷àñòîò, äîáðîòíîñòåé, êîåô³ö³ºíòó çâ'ÿçêó ç ë³í³ºþ ïåðåäà÷³, ðîçïîä³ëó åëåêòðè÷íîãî ïîëÿ ÐÏÕ; ÂÀÕ ËË ÄÊ, ÿê àâòîíîìíèõ, òàê ³ ï³ä 䳺þ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî îïðîì³íåííÿ ó 3 - ñì òà 8 - ìì ä³àïàçîíàõ äîâæèí õâèëü. Ðîçðîáëåí³ òà ñòâîðåí³ ñïåö³àëüí³ ïðèñòðî¿ ñòàá³ë³çàö³¿ òà êîíòðîëþ âàêóóìó, òåìïåðàòóðè, ñòðóìó çì³ùåííÿ òà íàïðóãè íà ÄÊ, ÷àñòîòè òà ïîòóæíîñò³ çîâí³øíüîãî ÍÂ× îïðîì³íåííÿ; ñïåö³àëüí³ åêðàíè äëÿ çìåíøåííÿ âïëèâó òåïëîïðèòîêó òà ìàãí³òíèõ ïîë³â íà ÄÊ.
Ðîçðîáëåíî ³ äîñë³äæåíî íîâèé êëàñ ÍÂ× ðåçîíàòîð³â íà ïîâåðõíåâ³é åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³é õâèë³ (ÐÏÕ). Ïîêàçàíà âèñîêà îäíîð³äí³ñòü ñòðóì³â îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ÐÏÕ ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³, ÿê³ òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ðåçîíàíñíîãî ðîçì³ðó òà ìîæëèâ³ñòü îïåðàòèâíî¿ çì³íè ðåçîíàíñíî¿ äîâæèíè õâèë³ öèõ ðåçîíàòîð³â â ïðîöåñ³ åêñïëóàòàö³¿. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî çíàéäåí³ îïòèìàëüí³ óìîâè çáóäæåííÿ îñíîâíîþ ìîäîþ Í10 ïðÿìîêóòíîãî
õâèëåâîäó êîëèâàíü ó íàï³âõâèëüîâîìó òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâîìó ÐÏÕ ç ìåòàëåâîþ àáî íàäïðîâ³äíîþ ïîâåðõíåþ äëÿ ñòâîðåííÿ ïðàêòè÷íèõ êîíñòðóêö³é íàäïðîâ³äíî¿ ÍÂ× åëåêòðîí³êè.
Ðîçãëÿíóòî ÐÏÕ ç íåîäíîð³äíîñòÿìè, ùî âèíèêàþòü ïðè âêëþ÷åí³ â íèõ ËË ÄÊ. Ïîêàçàíî, ùî ïîâçäîâæí³ ðîçð³çè äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó ÐÏÕ ñëàáî âïëèâàþòü íà éîãî ÍÂ× âëàñòèâîñò³ ³ íàâïàêè, öåé âïëèâ äóæå ñèëüíèé äëÿ âèïàäêó íàíåñåííÿ ðîçð³ç³â ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíî äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â â ÐÏÕ. Âèñîêà êâàç³îäíîð³äí³ñòü ñòðóì³â, ÿê³ òå÷óòü ó ïë³âö³ âçäîâæ ðåçîíóþ÷îãî ðîçì³ðó òà ¿õ ñèìåòðè÷íèé ðîçïîä³ë äëÿ îñíîâíî¿ ìîäè êîëèâàíü ïî îñ³ ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ õâèë³ â õâèëåâîä³ çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ ó ÐÏÕ äëÿ âèïàäêó íàíåñåííÿ ðîçð³ç³â ïîâçäîâæí³õ äî íàïðÿìêó ÍÂ× ñòðóì³â ó öüîìó ðåçîíàòîð³. Çàïðîïîíîâàíî íàáëèæåí³ âèðàçè äëÿ âèçíà÷åííÿ â³äíîñíî¿ ðåçîíàíñíî¿ ÷àñòîòè òà âëàñíî¿ äîáðîòíîñò³ äëÿ íàï³âõâèëåâîãî òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâîãî ðåçîíàòîð³â â çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä ñòóïåíÿ ³íòåãðàö³¿ åëåìåíò³â â ïë³âö³ ÐÏÕ. Ïîêàçàíà ìîæëèâ³ñòü çàñòîñóâàííÿ ìåòîäó ÐÏÕ äëÿ äîñë³äæåííÿ òà àòåñòàö³¿ íàäïðîâ³äíèõ ïë³âîê.
Çàïðîïîíîâàíî òîïîëîã³þ ïîºäíàííÿ îêðåìèõ ñèìåòðè÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ â ËË. Âñ³ ÄÊ âêëþ÷åí³ ïàðàëåëüíî ÍÂ× ñòðóìó òà ïîñë³äîâíî ïîñò³éíîìó ñòðóìó çì³ùåííÿ. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî äîñë³äæåí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ îêðåìèõ òà ËË ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ ÄÊ ç ð³çíèì ñòóïåíåì ³íòåãðàö³¿ â íàï³âõâèëüîâ³ òà ÷âåðòüõâèëüîâ³ ÐÏÕ Ïîêàçàíî, ùî âèçíà÷àëüíèì ôàêòîðîì äëÿ ñèíõðîííî¿ ðîáîòè âñ³õ ÄÊ â ËË ³íòåãðîâàíîìó â ÐÏÕ º òåõíîëîã³÷íèé ðîçêèä êðèòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â êîíòàêò³â. Äëÿ äîñë³äæóâàíèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÄÊ öåé ðîçêèä íå ïîâèíåí ïåðåâèùóâàòè ?40 %. Åêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî âèçíà÷åí³ óìîâè îòðèìàííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíèõ çà àìïë³òóäîþ ñõîäèíîê Øàï³ðî íà ÂÀÕ îêðåìèõ òà îá'ºäíàíèõ â ËË ñèìåòðè÷íèõ á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ ÄÊ ç ð³çíèì ñòóïåíåì ³íòåãðàö³¿ â íàï³âõâèëåâ³ òà ÷âåðòüõâèëåâ³ ÐÏÕ. Íà ËË ç 450 ÄÊ îòðèìàíî ñ³òêó åòàëîííèõ íàïðóã: 10 ìÂ, 20 ìÂ, 30 ìÂ. Âèÿâëåíî, ùî ïðè çá³ëüøåíí³ ñòóïåíÿ ³íòåãðàö³¿ ÄÊ â ÐÏÕ çðîñòຠêóò íàõèëó íà ñõîäèíêàõ Øàï³ðî. Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåíü ëàíöþæê³â á³êðèñòàë³÷íèõ ÂÒÍÏ ÄÊ ³íòåãðîâàíèõ ó ÐÏÕ ïîêàçàëè, ùî âîíè ìîæóòü áóòè âèêîðèñòàí³ äëÿ ïîáóäîâè íîâîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ ìåòðîëîã³÷íèõ ïðèñòðî¿â ÿê³ ïðàöþþòü ïðè òåìïåðàòóðàõ ð³äêîãî àçîòó.
ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ÏÓÁ˲ÊÀÖ²É ÇÀ ÒÅÌÎÞ ÄÈÑÅÐÒÀÖ²¯
1. Ìåëêîâ Ã.À., ªãîðîâ Þ.Â., Èâàíþòà Î.Ì., Ìàëèøåâ Â.Þ., ''Ðåçîíàòîðè ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³'', ³ñíèê Êè¿âñüêîãî Óí³âåðñèòåòó. - 1998. - ¹3. - C.334- 338.
2. Ìåëêîâ Ã.À., ªãîðîâ Þ.Â., Iâàíþòà Î.Ì., Ìàëèøåâ Â.Þ., ''×âåðòüõâèëüîâ³ ðåçîíàòîðè ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³'' // ³ñí. Êè¿â. Óí-òó: Ñåð³ÿ “Ô³ç.-ìàò. íàóêè” - 1999. - ¹2. - Ñ.395-399.
3. Melkov G.A., Egorov Y.V., Ivanyuta A.N., Malyshev V.Y., Zeng H.K., Wu K.H., Juang J.Y., HTS Surface Wave Resonators // Journal of Superconductivity. - 2000 - Vol.13, ¹1 - p.95-100.
4. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Lorenz M., Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Popov A.G., Vysotskii V.V., Observation of Proximity Effect in YBCO/Au Bilayer Films by Microwave Surface Resistance Measurements // PHYSICA B, - 2000. - 284-288. - P.915-916.
5. Êèøåíêî ß.²., Ïðîêîïeíêî Î.Â, ²âàíþòà Î.Ì., Ðàêøà Â.Ì., Âïëèâ åëåìåíò³â òîïîëî㳿 íà äîáðîòí³ñòü ðåçîíàòîðà ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³. // ³ñíèê Êè¿âñüêîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó, ñåð³ÿ ”Ô³ç-ìàò íàóêè” - 2001. -¹1. - C.338-345.
6. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Klushin A.M., Goldobin E., Eghorov Y.V., Numssen K., Siegel. M., .Frequency Locking of Josephson Junctions in Surface Wave Resonator.// IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONCTIVITY. - 2001 - Vol.11, ¹1 - P.944-947.
7. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Pan V.M., Flis V.S., Komashko V.A., Pashitskii Å.À., Zandbergen H.W. , Svetchnikov V.L , TretiachenkoC.G., Epitacsial Y-Ba-Cu-O FILMS: Crucial role of growth-induced linear defects in microwave properties // J. Phys. IV France. - 2001 - Vol.11 - P.47-51.
8. Ìåëêîâ Ã.À., ²âàíþòà Î.Ì., Ïðîêîïåíêî Î.Â., Ðàêøà Â.Ì., Ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíåâî¿ õâèë³ ç ù³ëèíàìè â ì³ë³ìåòðîâîìó ä³àïàçîí³ äîâæèí õâèëü // ³ñí. Êè¿â. óí-òó, Ñåð³ÿ: ðàä³îô³çèêà òà åëåêòðîí³êà, - 2001 - ¹3. - C.62-67.
9. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Lorenz M., Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Vysotskii V.V., Taborov V.F.,Korotash I.V., Tretiatchenko C.G., Band-pass Filter for 1.8 GHz Frequensy Range Using Double-Sided YBCO/Au Films on CeO2-Buffered Sapphire // Journal of Superconductivity, - 2001 - Vol.14, ¹1 - P.115-125.
10. Klushin A.M., Ivanyuta A.N., Melkov G.A., Numssen Kai , Sigel M., Irradiation of Multi-Juncition Josephson Arrays Incorporated in SWR.// PHYSICA Ñ. - 2002 - 372-376. - P.305-308.
11. Ïàòåíò íà âèíàõ³ä ¹24207À, Óêðà¿íà, Ñïîñ³á îòðèìàííÿ ïë³âîê ìåòàëîîêñèäíèõ âèñîêîòåìïåðàòóðíèõ íàäïðîâ³äíèê³â / ²âàíþòà Î.Ì., Ìåëêîâ Ã.À., Ñîëîâéîâ Ä.Î., Øåâ÷óê Ï.Ï., çàÿâêà ¹ 97010303, ïð³îð³òåò 24.01.97, Îïóáë. 07.07.98. - 3 ñ.
12. .Melkov G.A, Ivanyuta A.N., Egorov Y.V., Malyshev V.Y., Klushin A.M., .Surface Wave High-Tem-perature Superconducting Resonators. // Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. ¹ 167, - 2000 - Ð.359-362.
13. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Lorenz M., Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Vysotskii V.V., Microwave Surface Resi-stance Measurements in YBCO/Au Bilayer Films and Observation of Proximity Effect.// Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. ¹ 167 - 2000 - Ð.767-770.
14. Melkov G.A., Egorov Y.V., Ivanjuta A.N., Malyshev V.Y., “Surface wave HTS resonators” // ²²² International Symposium “Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Waves, Kharkov, Ukraine - 1998. - Vol.2. - P.625-627.
15. Egorov Y.V., Ivanyuta A.N., Malyshev V.Yu., Melkov G.A.“Surface wave HTS Resonators”, XI trilateral German/Russian/Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Göttingen, Germany. - 1998. - Ð.63.
16. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N. , Lorenz M., Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Observation of Proximity Effect in YBCO/Au Bilayer Films by Microwave Surface Resistance Measurements // XXII International Conference on Low Temperature Physics, Espoo and Helsinki, Finland - 1999 - p.201
17. Melkov G.A., Egorov Y.V., Ivanyuta A.N., Malyshev V.Y., Klushin A.M., Surface Wave High-Temperature Superconducting Resonators. 4th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity EUCAS'99, Barselona, Spain. - 1999 - Ð.164.
18. Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Lorenz M., Ivaniuta A.M., Melkov G.A., Microwave Surface Resistance Measurements in YBCO/Au Bilayer Films and Observation of Proximity Effect. // 4th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity EUCAS'99, Barselona, Spain, - 1999. - Ð.150.
19. Klushin A.M., Siegel M., Melkov G.A., Egorov Y.V., Ivanyuta A.N., Malyshev V.Y., Microwave Properties of HTS Surface Wave Resonator with Josephson Junctions. // XII Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Kiev, Ukraine. - 1999. - P.35.
20. Vysotskii V.V., Tarasov V.F., .Pan V.M, Lorenz M., Ivanyuta A.N., Melkov G.A., .Microwave Surface Resistance of HTS YBa2Cu3O7- Films Covered by Thin Gold Layer and Proximity Effect Observation. // XII Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Kiev, Ukraine. - 1999. - P.100.
21. Poustilnik O.D., Zikov G.A., Ivanyuta O.M., Levchenko V.V., Beizym V.A., Surface resistance of a YBa2Cu3O7-ä films on sapphire substrates and their resistance on normal states. // XII Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Kiev, Ukraine. - 1999. - P.103.
22. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Lorenz M., Pan V.M., Tarasov V.F., Vysotskii V.V., Taborov V.F., Korotash I.V.. Devoloment of Bandpass Filters for 1,8 GHz FreQue cy Range Using Double-Sites YBCO/Au Films on CeO2-Buffered sapphire. // VI Symposium on High-Te-mperature Superconductors in High-Frecuncy Fields, Capri, Naples, ITALY - 2000 - P.65.
23. Melkov G.A., Ivanyuta A.N., Flis V.S., Matsui V.I., Pan V.M., Lorenz M., Peshko I.I., Svetchnikov V.L., Karasevka O.P., High-Frecuncy Properties of Pulse-Laser Deposited YBCO Films and effect of Growth-induced Linear Defect arreays Density. // VI Symposium on High-Te-mperature Superconductors in High-Frecuncy Fields, Capri, Naples, ITALY - 2000 - P.64..
24. Ìåëêîâ Ã.À., Èâàíþòà À.Í., Êëóøèí À. Ì., Çèãåëü Ì., Êèøåíêî ß.È., Ìàëûøåâ Â.Þ, Ðàêøà Â.Í., "ÑÂ× óñòðîéñòâà íà îñíîâå äæîçåôñîíîâñêèõ ãåòåðîñòðóêòóð ñóáìèêðîííîãî ðàçìåðà, âêëþ÷åííûõ â ðåçîíàòîð ïîâåðõíîñòíîé âîëíû", Ê.: II ðîññèéñêî-óêðàèíñêèé ñåìèíàð “Íàíîôèçèêà è íàíîýëåêòðîíèêà” - 2000. - Ñ.41-42.
25. Melkov G.A., Ivanjuta A.N., Prokopenko O.V., Raksha V.M.,.Siegel. M., Klushin A.M., Embedding of Josephson junctions in the surface wave resonator in the K-band. // ²V International Symposium “Physics and Engineering of Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Waves, Kharkov, Ukraine-2001. - Vol.2. - P.363-364.
26. Melkov G.A., Egorov Y.V., Ivanyuta A.N., Tunable filter based on HTS-YIG films. // XIV Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Moskow, Rusia. - 2001. - P.16-17.
27. Flis V.S.,.Pan V.M, Lorenz M., Peshko I.I., Pashitskii Å.À., Karasevka O.P., Ivanyuta A.N., Melkov G.A., .Microwave Surface Resistance of HTS YBa2Cu3O7- Films Covered by Thin Gold Layer and Proximity Effect Observation. // XIV Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Moskow, Rusia. - 2001. - P.6-7
28. Flis V.S.,.Pan V.M, Lorenz M., Peshko I.I., Pashitskii Å.À., Karasevka O.P., Zandbergen H.W., Komashko V.A., Svetchnikov V.L., Ivanyuta A.N., Melkov G.A., .Large-area epitacsial yba2cu3o7-ä films: critical role of growth - inducted liniar defects in microwave properties. // XIV Trilateral German-Russian-Ukrainian Seminar on High-Temperature Superconductivity, Moskow, Rusia. - 2001. - P.19.
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ïðåçåíòàöèÿ [530,6 K], äîáàâëåí 07.04.2011Åòàïè äîñë³äæåííÿ ðàä³îàêòèâíèõ ÿâèù. Åëåêòðîìàãí³òíå âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ òà äîâæèíà õâèë³. Çàêîí çáåðåæåííÿ ñï³íó. Ïåðåõ³ä ³ç çáóäæåíîãî ñòàíó ÿäðà â îñíîâíèé. Âèçíà÷åííÿ åíåð㳿 ãàììà-êâàíò³â. Ïîð³âíÿííÿ åíåð㳿 åëåêòðîí³â ç åíåð㳺þ ãàììà-ïðîìåí³â.
äîêëàä [203,8 K], äîáàâëåí 21.04.2011Òåîðåòè÷íèé àíàë³ç ñò³éêîñò³ ñèñòåìè "ïîëóì'ÿ òà ðîçðÿä" ñòîñîâíî ìàëèõ çáóðþâàíü, åôåêòèâí³ñòü åëåêòðè÷íîãî ïîñèëåííÿ, ïëîñê³ õâèë³ çáóðþâàííÿ. Âèâ÷åííÿ âïëèâó åëåêòðè÷íîãî ðîçðÿäó íà çîíó ãîð³ííÿ âóãëåâîäíèõ ïàëèâ, ðîçðàõóíîê ïîêàçíèêà ïåðåëîìëåííÿ.
êóðñîâàÿ ðàáîòà [1,5 M], äîáàâëåí 21.11.2010²ñíóâàííÿ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ õâèëü. Çì³ííå åëåêòðîìàãí³òíå ïîëå, ÿêå ïîøèðþºòüñÿ â ïðîñòîð³ ç ê³íöåâîþ øâèäê³ñòþ. Íàñë³äêè òåî𳿠Ìàêñâåëëà. Õâèëüîâ³ ð³âíÿííÿ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ õâèëü òà ð³âíÿííÿ Ìàêñâåëëà. Åíåðã³ÿ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ õâèëü, âåêòîð Ïîéíò³íãà.
ðåôåðàò [229,2 K], äîáàâëåí 06.04.2009Àí³çîòðîï³ÿ êðèñòàë³â òà îñîáëèâîñò³ ïîêàçíèê³â çàëîìëåííÿ äëÿ íèõ. Ãåîìåòð³ÿ õàðàêòåðèñòè÷íèõ ïîâåðõîíü, ïàðàìåòðè åë³ïñî¿äà Ôðåíåëÿ, âèíèêíåííÿ ïîëÿðèçàö³¿ òà ð³çíèö³ ôàç ïðè ïðîõîäæåíí³ ñâ³òëà ÷åðåç ïðèçìè çàëåæíî â³ä ù³ëüíîñò³ åíåð㳿 õâèë³.
êîíòðîëüíàÿ ðàáîòà [201,6 K], äîáàâëåí 04.12.2010Ìàãíåòèçì, åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³ êîëèâàííÿ ³ õâèë³. Îïòèêà, òåîð³ÿ â³äíîñíîñò³. Çàêîíè â³äáèâàííÿ ³ çàëîìëåííÿ ñâ³òëà. Åëåìåíòè àòîìíî¿ ô³çèêè, êâàíòîâî¿ ìåõàí³êè ³ ô³çèêè òâåðäîãî ò³ëà. Ô³çèêà ÿäðà òà åëåìåíòàðíèõ ÷àñòîê. Ðàä³îàêòèâí³ñòü. ßäåðí³ ðåàêö³¿.
êóðñ ëåêöèé [515,1 K], äîáàâëåí 19.11.2008Äóàë³çì õâèë³ é ÷àñòêè â ì³êðîîá'ºêòàõ. Çì³ñò ã³ïîòåçè Äå Áðîéëÿ. ²ìîâ³ðí³ñíèé õàðàêòåð ïðîðîêóâàíü êâàíòîâî¿ ìåõàí³êè. Ïðèíöèï íåâèçíà÷åíîñò³ ó êâàíòîâ³é ìåõàí³ö³. Ô³ëîñîôñüê³ âèñíîâêè ³ç êâàíòîâî¿ ìåõàí³êè. Êëàñè÷íèé ³ ³ìîâ³ðí³ñíèé äåòåðì³í³çì.
ðåôåðàò [20,7 K], äîáàâëåí 19.06.2010Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ. Îãëÿä ôîòîìåòð³â íà ñâ³òëîä³îäàõ äëÿ îö³íêè ð³âíÿ ïàäàþ÷îãî ñâ³òëà. Âèêîðèñòàííÿ ôîòîä³îä³â íà îñíîâ³ áàð'ºð³â Øîòòê³ ³ ãåòåðîïåðåõîä³â. Ïðèçíà÷åííÿ êîíòàêò³â âèêîðèñòîâóâàíèõ â ïðèñòðî¿ ì³êðîñõåì.
êóðñîâàÿ ðàáîòà [1010,0 K], äîáàâëåí 27.11.2014Îñîáëèâîñò³ ïîãëèíàííÿ åíåð㳿 õâèë³ êîëèâàëüíèìè îäíîð³äíèìè ïîâåðõíåâèìè ðîçïîä³ëàìè òèñêó. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà òà óìîâè ðåçîíàíñó. Ðåêîìåíäàö³¿ ùîäî ï³äâèùåííÿ åôåêòèâíîñò³ âèêîðèñòàííÿ åíåð㳿 ñèñòåìîþ îäíîð³äíèõ îñöèëþþ÷èõ ïîâåðõíåâèõ ðîçïîä³ë³â òèñêó.
ñòàòüÿ [924,3 K], äîáàâëåí 19.07.2010Âèçíà÷åííÿ ïîêàçíèêà çàëîìëåííÿ ñêëà. Ñïîñòåðåæåííÿ ÿâèùà ³íòåðôåðåíö³¿ ñâ³òëà. Âèçíà÷åííÿ ê³ëüêîñò³ âèòê³â â îáìîòêàõ òðàíñôîðìàòîðà. Ñïîñòåðåæåííÿ ÿâèùà ³íòåðôåðåíö³¿ ñâ³òëà. Âèì³ðþâàííÿ äîâæèíè ñâ³òëîâî¿ õâèë³ çà äîïîìîãîþ äèôðàêö³éíî¿ ðåø³òêè.
ëàáîðàòîðíàÿ ðàáîòà [384,9 K], äîáàâëåí 21.02.2009Âïëèâ óìîâ îäåðæàííÿ, õ³ì³÷íîãî ñêëàäó ³ çîâí³øí³õ ÷èííèê³â íà ôîðìóâàííÿ ì³êðîñòðóêòóðè, ôàçîâèé ñêëàä, ô³çèêî-õ³ì³÷í³ ïàðàìåòðè òà åëåêòðîô³çè÷í³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ñêëîêåðàì³÷íèõ ìàòåð³àë³â íà îñíîâ³ êîìïîíåíòà ç ôàçîâèì ïåðåõîäîì ìåòàë-íàï³âïðîâ³äíèê.
àâòîðåôåðàò [108,5 K], äîáàâëåí 11.04.2009Ñóòü ìåòîä³â àíàë³çó ïåðåõ³äíèõ ïðîöåñ³â øëÿõîì ðîçâ‘ÿçêó çàäà÷ ïî âèçíà÷åííþ ðåàêö³¿ ë³í³éíîãî åëåêòðè÷íîãî êîëà ïðè íàâàíòàæåíí³. Ïîâåä³íêà êîëà ïðè 䳿 íà âõîä³ ïåð³îäè÷íîãî ïðÿìîêóòíîãî ñèãíàëó, éîãî àìïë³òóäíî-÷àñòîòíà ³ ôàçî÷àñòîòíà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà.
êóðñîâàÿ ðàáîòà [461,9 K], äîáàâëåí 30.03.2011Âëàñòèâîñò³ ³ çàñòîñóâàííÿ òðèôàçíèõ ê³ë ïðè ç’ºäíàíí³ äæåðåëà ³ ñïîæèâà÷³â òðèêóòíèêîì. Ðîáîòà òðèôàçíèõ ê³ë ïðè ð³âíîì³ðíîìó ³ íåð³âíîì³ðíîìó íàâàíòàæåíí³ ôàç, ïðè îáðèâ³ ôàçè àáî îäíîãî ³ç ë³í³éíèõ ïðîâîä³â, ïðè íàâàíòàæåíí³ ôàç àêòèâíèìè îïîðàìè.
ëàáîðàòîðíàÿ ðàáîòà [196,7 K], äîáàâëåí 13.09.2009Ôåðîìàãí³òí³ ðå÷îâèíè, ¿õ çàãàëüíà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà òà âëàñòèâîñò³. Ìàãí³òíà äîìåííà ñòðóêòóðà, äèíàì³êà ñò³íîê. Àíàë³ç âïëèâó ìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ íà åëåêòðè÷í³ ³ ìàãí³òí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ôåðîìàãíåòèê³â. Ìàãí³òîðåçèñòèâí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ áàãàòîøàðîâèõ ïë³âîê.
êóðñîâàÿ ðàáîòà [4,7 M], äîáàâëåí 15.10.2013